Kamran Siddiqui

• PhD (Manchester Business School, 2008); MA Marketing (University of Bradford, 2004)
• Professor (Associate) at Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University

An experimental study was conducted to investigate fluid temperature fields inside a flat-plate solar collector tube. The results show the highest fluid temperature at the upper end of the tube which decreased gradually to the lowest value at the bottom end of the tube, whereas, the temperature field in the horizontal plane is symmetric about the c...

Turbulent coherent structures generated in a channel flow at low Reynolds numbers during mixed convection have been experimentally studied using the particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique. The measurements are conducted in the channel cross-plane, the streamwise mid-vertical plane and two horizontal planes close to the bottom heated wall to cap...

The flow field of tornado vortices simulated in the 1/11 scaled model of the Wind Engineering, Energy and Environment (WindEEE) Dome is characterized. Particle Image Velocimetry measurements were performed to investigate the flow dynamics for a wide range of Swirl ratios (0.12≤S≤1.29) and at various heights above the surface. It is shown that this...

Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique was employed to characterize the flow field of simulated tornado vortices and to establish a relationship between laboratory generated tornadoes and the field ones. Field data collected by mobile Doppler radars were analyzed using a mathematical method namely the Ground-based Velocity Track Display (GBVTD)...

We report on study conducted to investigate flow around a stand-alone ground-mounted solar panel using numerical and experimental approaches. Numerical simulations were performed using 3D unsteady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) while Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique was used to measure two-dimensional flow fields in a wind tunnel...

Core values have gained paramount importance in all facets of business circles and have broader applications in higher education institutions. This research endeavours to examine and classify the core values practised at the world's top 100 business schools (BS). The population included BS that officially published core values and appeared in any t...

In recent years, religious tourism has gained popularity worldwide, with millions of people travelling to different destinations for religious purposes. The United Kingdom has a growing Muslim population, and Islamic religious tourism is no exception. However, little research has been conducted on the pilgrim’s perceptions of Islamic religious tour...

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 420, 00001 (2023), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342000001

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 420, 00001 (2023), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342000001

See the retraction notice E3S Web of Conferences 420, 00001 (2023), https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342000001

This paper aims to study the impact of celebrity endorsements on purchase intention in Saudi Arabia. Questionnaire was developed using three independent variables Celebrity’s Attractiveness, Expertise Trustworthiness and one dependent variable i.e., customer’s Purchase Intensions. Data was collected using online questionnaire tool i.e., UDQuest. 11...

The study aims to explain the impact of service quality on customer loyalty, satisfaction, and switching behaviors for insurance companies in Saudi Arabia. The study used the descriptive research approach. The questionnaire was developed with the help of reliable and validated constructs taken from earlier studies for service quality, customer loya...

The construction projects of process industry plants are complex due to the involvement of numerous stakeholders and uncertainty in environmental factors. The internal and external factors affecting the successful execution of the projects vary across industries and countries. It is vital to identify the critical factors for a geographic region and...

This paper aims to share the Zoombombing: a new phenomenon that emerged during COVID-19, its causes, and measures to prevent Zoombombing. Finally, it provides recommendations to prevent such incidents. Zoom emerged as the most popular alternative teaching tool during COVID-19. However, even though Zoom has utilized state-of-the-art encryption metho...

The purpose of this study is to examine the underpinning core values practiced at the top 100 business schools in the world. Financial Times ranking for Top 100 Business Schools for the year 2020 was selected for this study and the business schools’ core values were collected from their official websites. Content analysis was used as the major data...

The purpose of this chapter is to compare three giant video conferencing platforms, i.e., Google Meet, Microsoft Teams, and Zoom, as alternative teaching and learning tools during COVID-19. Analyses were made for three main issues: systems requirements, teaching and learning features, and security features. Firstly, Zoom has relatively low hardware...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of owner family involvement in business on sustainable survival of family small-to-medium enterprises (SMEs) and to empirically validate the intervening role of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Design/methodology/approach The authors analyze data from 489 owner and nonowner executive...

In the current decade the animation industry, like other technology based industries, is hop to bring more wizardry. The objective of this paper is to examine the use of animations in Pakistani TV commercials (TVCs). Three small case studies were studied using content analysis and finally conclusions were drawn for the dynamics of TVCs animations i...

This paper aims to analyze the reasons behind the failure of certain brands in Pakistan and to classify them into seven reasons as given in the literature. Brands often fail to recognize their own power, dilute their brand equity by over extensions, ape the competing products, become overly optimistic in catering to the market single handedly, try...

The purpose of this study was to examine the existence of (IGI) between two successive generations for their brands preferences in Pakistan. A sample of 80 mother-daughter dyads, and 80 father-son dyad was selected each (Total respondents = 320). The frequency count of agreements for 17 product categories was obtained and those product categories w...

This paper aims to present an analysis of brand elements adopted by Islamic Banks in Pakistan. The research uses the content analysis on the branding elements for five established Islamic banks (IBs) and 14 conventional banks offering Islamic Windows (IWs). Data has been taken from SBP and official websites of the relevant banks. The analysis is ba...

This research presents the concepts of positioning, re-positioning and de-positioning through a nutritional drink Horlicks; which is a malted milk based drink fortified with vitamins and calcium. Single case study methodology was adopted. The paper reviews the journey of Horlicks since its introduction in Pakistan, its target market, positioning, p...

The major objective of this study was to summarize the brand failures in Pakistan from three different dimensions (a) indicators for brand failure, (b) reasons of brand failure and (c) tactics to save brands from permanent failure. The study benefited from both qualitative and quantitative methods. In the initial phase interviews and focus groups w...

ASTRACT: The objective of this study was to examine the gender differences in the emerging concepts of Intergenerational Influences (IGI) on brand preferences. This study measures the preference match between mothers-daughters (Women dyads) with the preference match between fathers-sons (Men dyads) as intergenerational influences (IGI) on brand pre...

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between personality factors and Customer Loyalty for services. Using two services [Mobile Phone (N=588) & Credit Card (N=220)], consistent support was found for the effects of personality traits on customer loyalty patterns among mobile phone and credit card users. The personality factor Agreea...

The purpose of this study was to examine relationship between Customer Loyalty-Satisfaction Link and usage of services. This study uses Customer Loyalty-Satisfaction link which classifies customer into four different groups: Loyalists, Hostages, Mercenaries and Defectors. Using two services [Mobile Phone (N=588) & Credit Card (N=220)], consistent s...

The purpose The purpose of this paper was to present a historical overview of advertising in Pakistan and highlight major developments within a particular era. Discourse analysis was used to present the dynamics in the marketplace that have changed the way advertising has been practiced in this region. The development and evolution of advertising h...

ASTRACT: This paper aims to present the abridged guidelines for the usage of various measurement scales in social research. Selection of measurement scales play a pivotal role in social science research and most of statistical techniques and tests require a specific measurement scales to be employed in the research. This paper starts with a summary...

This paper aims to share the experiences of converting Hofstede’s constructs from Organization Behaviour (OB) perspective to Consumer Behaviour (CB) perspective. This research paper presents three prominent phases in this exercise (a) selection of items from previous studies (b) ensuring Content Validity and (c) ensuring Criterion validity. Focus g...

The major objective of this paper is to share the experiences of using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in marketing research. It provides an abridge version of relevant literature with one live example of using SEM in social sciences. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is the youngest member of statistical modelling techniques, mainly used for...

Purpose – This study explores the factors of telecom branding in Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach – Survey methodology was used to collect the data and a total of 238 mobile phone users were interviewed for their telecom brand preferences. Findings – Exploratory factor analyses and cross tabulations were used to measure the results, four major...

ASTRACT: This paper aims to share the experiences of converting Hofstede's constructs from Organization Behaviour (OB) perspective to Consumer Behaviour (CB) perspective. This research paper presents three prominent phases in this exercise (a) selection of items from previous studies (b) ensuring Content Validity and (c) ensuring Criterion validity...

The purpose of this study was to explore the women's perceptions towards branded clothing in Pakistan. Survey methodology was used to collect the data and a total of 200 women from posh localities were interviewed for their perceptions towards brand clothing. Exploratory factor analyses were used to measure the results, four major factors were extr...

Credit Rating Industry in Pakistan – A case of Duopoly Purpose: The paper aims to present duopoly based credit-rating industry in Pakistan that comprises on two credit rating agencies (CRAs) i.e., (a) Pakistan Credit Rating Agency Limited (PACRA) and (b) Japan Credit Rating – Vital Information Services Credit Rating Co. Ltd. (JCR-VIS). Methodol...

The purpose of this study is to illustrate the impact of Country of Origin (COO) on the top 100 global brands. A total of eighteen countries having 158 brands appeared during 2001-2013. Countries were analyzed on the basis of Cumulative Brand Equity (CBE), number of brands, Average Brand Equity (ABE) and growth patterns in Cumulative Brand Equity....

The purpose of this study is to illustrate the impact of Country of Origin (COO) on the top 100 global brands. A total of eighteen countries having 158 brands appeared during 2001-2013. Countries were analyzed on the basis of Cumulative Brand Equity (CBE), number of brands, Average Brand Equity (ABE) and growth patterns in Cumulative Brand Equity....

The purpose of this paper is to present the public perceptions towards Music preferences in Pakistan. For this survey research 125 Men and 115 Women, aged between 18 and 34 from different universities were interviewed. The data was Factor Analyzed and six factors were extracted (1) Moody; (2) Modern; (3) Manifest; (4) Mild; (5) Milieu; (6) Mingy. M...

This research paper is based on the positioning and later strategy of repositioning of DAWNNEWS channel. It was July the 21 st , 2007 when this channel got a kick off. Its initial positioning strategy was of a top notch English (language) News channel in Pakistan. Later it went into a repositioning strategy of Urdu (language) news channel catering...

This paper attempts to highlight the fundamental principles of corporate governance from an Islamic perspective. Quran-e-Kareem and Hadiths were consulted for basic Islamic principles. However, some renowned Islamic scholars were also contacted. It was found that Islamic principles on corporate governance provide an outline for managers of modern w...

This paper aims to present the individual differences among credit card users with reference to their age and Sex. Data for the research were collected through a survey of customers of Credit Card users in Pakistan. The results show that some age and Sex differences exist in the credit card usage. The research focuses on credit card services in Pak...

Unpacked milk has been traditionally the most used milk by the households. With the introduction of packed and powder milk and the improvement and standardization in handling and packaging of packed milk has lead to shift of consumer preferences from unpacked milk to packed or powder milk. Perception of consumers about unpacked milk is changing bec...

Most firms in their highly competitive industrial environments are focusing onto the imperative need of “branding” the homogenous agricultural commodities. The major reason behind adapting branding practices is to achieve some degree of differentiation in their products to avoid being considered as commodity.1 History relates the fact that commodit...

Money laundering is defined as the activity through which the criminals converted the true source and ownership of such illegitimate money into legitimate money. Through which money can lose its original identity forever. Interpol definition adopted by UNO General assembly 1995 states " Any act or attempted act to conceal or disguise the identity o...

Beauty parlors in Karachi are a ubiquitous phenomenon, nowhere in the metropolis is it that women can complain of a lack of parlors, and yet this area is at best underdeveloped and has not been able to reach the potential it can. Lack of standards is one factor that defines the industry which, despite of its drawbacks is booming as women become mor...

The purpose of this paper is to explore the occurrence of impulsive behavior among young children while buying confectionary items. The data was collected from shops and malls using Mall Intercept techniques. Parent, elder siblings and grandparents were interviewed accompanied by children in addition to observations made by researcher. The child’s...

This study discusses in detail the gender effects on advertising. Our research project investigates the impact of gender appeal in an advertisement on target audience. Our hypothesis is that “In an advertisement, presence of gender does not influence the decision of viewers to purchase the good/service”. To carry out our research, we have chosen qu...

Abstract Lease-financing activity in Pakistan was started in 1985 primarily as a result of Islamization of the economy. In addition to being one of the permissible Islamic modes of financing, lease financing also became popular as an alternate source of financing. With its distinct advantages over conventional sources of finance inclusive of tax a...

This research paper suggests that Islamic Banking is spreading its wings in Pakistan and is positioning for growth. Islamic banking in Pakistan is also facing some challenges owing to the fact that conventional banking in the country is more penetrative and holding larger share in the economy. A qualitative study was made through sending questionna...

This paper aims to share the experiences of using two empirically-related yet conceptually distinct instruments i.e., Goldberg’s IP-IP and Costa and McCrae’s NEO-PI-R to measure the respondent’s personality factors and facets. This research paper presents findings on six methodological issues i.e., sampling, validity, reliability, data collection,...

This study aims to investigate the public opinion about advertising in Pakistan. A survey of respondents studying at various universities was conducted [N = 575]. This study uses Polly and Mittal (1993) model of beliefs and attitudes towards advertising. The data was collected from SEC A and B classes through survey method using quota sampling tech...

This paper aims to present the guidelines given in the literature as to the appropriate sample size for the various statistical techniques (Factor Analysis, Regression Analysis, Conjoint Analysis, Canonical Correlation, Cluster Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling). Sample size estimation depends on the nature of research and statistical techn...

The industrial boom in twenty first century is very much related with the usage and production of metals in production and construction. With increasing cost of fuel and increased international demand has led the cost of metals upwards. Worldwide the demand of iron has increased tremendously. Demand is further pushed by mushroom growth of construct...

Unpacked milk has been traditionally the most used milk by the households. With the introduction of packed and powder milk and the improvement and standardization in handling

The objective of this paper is to highlight how Khanani and Kalia International (KKI) violated the rules and regulations formulated by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) and the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP). They used illegal methods of money transfer, commonly known as Hawala and Hundi system that has been banned internation...

For a poor country like Pakistan, corruption is a major political, economic and social issue. Despite the efforts of successive governments, this cancer continues unabated, and while the army-led governments undoubtedly provide better governance as compared to their civilian predecessors, corruption is too deeply ingrained as a way of life to disap...

The purpose of this paper is to provide an understanding of the different ways in which public money can be misappropriated by foreign exchange companies in developing countries like Pakistan. It attempts to highlight the importance of corporate governance, the lack of which may lead to closure of financial entities. The paper presents the incidenc...

Since 1990 Pakistan has sold 166 state-owned enterprises for Rs. 476.5 bn (PKR) to finance deficits and increase efficiencies of the mismanaged corporations to spur economic growth. It is said that strategic monopolies like PTCL should not be privatized because foreign intelligence can gain access to confidential telephonic conversations between Pa...

This paper illustrates one of the biggest financial scams in the banking history of Pakistan, the fraud at Banker's Equity Limited (BEL). It shows how senior management at BEL misused their powers and financial purview to divert public funds to personal benefits in collusion with private stock exchange brokers and other senior officials of BEL by m...

This paper illustrates one of the worst financial scams of 1990s, the Mehrangate Scandal. It shows how a senior army official withdrew a substantial amount of public money from Mehran Bank and directed it towards an 'intelligence fund'. The scandal subsequently broke out after the new senior army management decided to transfer the intelligence fund...

This paper aims to highlight the failure of corporate governance in banking sector. Banking in Pakistan was predominantly controlled by the state until 1990. The five major commercial banks controlled 100% of the domestic banking market. However in 1990, the government declared privatization as one of its key policy objectives. The privatization of...

The merger of NDLC-IFIC Bank (NIB) and the Pakistan Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation (PICIC) made NIB the 7 th biggest bank in the country with 240 branches and a paid-up capital in excess of Rs. 27.5 bn (PKR). Temasek Holding is the single biggest investor in NIB and this group has an investment portfolio of approximately $100 bn. The...

Limited (HBL) privatization is the hallmark for compliance with corporate governance practices. A tremendous increase in deposits and overwhelming profits of approximately Rs. 22.3 bn (PKR) for the financial year 2012, a network of over 1,500 branches, and recent acquisition of Citibank credit card, personal loan and car financing divisions are the...

The objective of this paper is to highlight how Khanani and Kalia International (KKI) violated the rules and regulations formulated by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) and the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP). They used illegal methods of money transfer, commonly known as Hawala and Hundi system that has been banned internation...

The objective of this paper is to highlight how Khanani and Kalia International (KKI) violated the rules and regulations formulated by the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) and the Securities and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP). They used illegal methods of money transfer, commonly known as Hawala and Hundi system that has been banned internation...

Purpose – Teacher must act as a leader because his/her role is very effective in educational change. Influence of personality traits on leadership styles has been a significant topic in management but no research emphasis has been given to teacher’s personality influence on their leadership behaviors. This research investigates the correlation betw...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the underlying structure of Intergenerational influences (IGI) on brand preferences. Design/methodology/approach – Survey methodology was used to collect the data and a total of 260 families were interviewed for their brand preferences and twelve different product categories were examined during thi...

The aim of the study is to highlight the customers’ perception towards Bankers and Banking products. The data for the research was collected through questionnaire personally administrated in commercial Banks operating in Pakistan. Positive stick technique was used for this research. The finding of this research is that mostly customer perceives the...

objective of this exploratory study is to ascertain the perception and realities of Microfinance in Pakistan. For this purpose the quantitative research technique was adopted and data for the research were collected through a survey of microfinance existing and potential customers in Pakistan. The results show that there is surprising clash do exis...

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between personality factors and customer satisfaction for services. The study has various distinctive features. Previously there has been no meaningful research on the relationship between personality traits and customer satisfaction variables. Most previous studies were directed towards establ...

The aim of the study is to highlight the customers' perception towards Bankers and Banking products. The data for the research was collected through questionnaire personally administrated in commercial Banks operating in Pakistan. Positive stick technique was used for this research. The finding of this research is that mostly customer perceives the...

This paper focus on bases of islamic branding in pakistan. It also includes perceptions or believes related to Islamic Branding. Research is conducted to have clear idea that how consumer perceive and understand the Islamic brands and Islamic branding practices in Pakistan. It covers perceptions towards Islamic branding and attitudes towards Islami...

To anybody interested in sports and marketing, the concept of celebrity endorsment is not a new concept. In recent decades, sport marketing has emerged as an independent area where companies separate themselves from their copetitors by developing associations with the sporting heroes. In this study, the dynamics as have emerged in the recent past w...

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to measure the awareness and perception of halal food in Pakistan which is predominantly a Muslim country. Design/methodology/approach – The study is exploratory in nature and cross sectional data has been obtained from 528 respondents belonging to two major clusters-university students and corporate sector. E...

The aim of this paper is to explore the influence of consumer personality on likeness of humorous advertising themes. Research data were collected through a survey from undergraduate and postgraduate students of different universities. The research instrument includes the Goldberg’s Big-Five personality construct. Two more constructs were used to m...

The study examined the relationship between personality factors/facets and mobile phone usage styles. Using a sample of university students (N=230), consistent support was found as regards the influences of personality traits on mobile phone usage style. The personality facets (factors) Liberalism (Openness) and Morality (Agreeableness) emerged as...

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between personality factors and customer switching for services. The study has various distinctive features. Previously there has been no meaningful research on the relationship between personality traits and customer switching variables. Most previous studies were directed towards establishing...

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between personality factors and customer switching for services. The study has various distinctive features. Previously there has been no meaningful research on the relationship between personality traits and customer switching variables. Most previous studies were directed towards establishing...

Purpose: purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of caste on task oriented people oriented leadership styles of school heads. Furthermore, the paper investigates that how the caste system is changing due to societal transformation, modification and revolution. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of caste on Leadership styles a...

Purpose: This paper aims to investigate the relationship of people oriented and task oriented leadership styles with the public and private school sector principals. Design/methodology/approach: Data for the research were collected through a survey of public and private sector school principals of Lahore in Pakistan. One hundred forty nine school h...