Kallol Ray Chaudhuri

King's College London | KCL · Department of Clinical Neuroscience

Fluctuation-related pain (FRP) affects more than one third of people with Parkinson’s disease (PwP, PD) and has a harmful effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), but often remains under-reported by patients and neglected by clinicians. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends The Parkinson KinetiGraphTM (the...

Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Over two thirds of People with Parkinson's (PwP) live with chronic PD‐related pain, but its successful management remains an unmet need. Unrevealing links between pain and other motor and non‐motor symptoms (NMS) of PD may accelerate delivery of much needed pre...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by both motor and non-motor symptoms that necessitate ongoing clinical evaluation and medication adjustments. Home-based wearable sensor monitoring offers a detailed and continuous record of patient symptoms, potentially enhancing disease management. The EmPark-PKG study ai...

Neural underpinnings of Parkinson’s disease psychosis remain unclear to this day with relatively few studies and reviews available. Using a systematic review approach, here, we aimed to qualitatively synthesize evidence from studies investigating Parkinson’s psychosis-specific alterations in brain structure, function or chemistry using different ne...

Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used to treat various neurological disorders. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of rTMS on Parkinson’s disease (PD) has not been fully elucidated. Neuroinflammation like regulatory T-cells (Tregs) appears to be a key modulator of disease progres...

Aims In advanced Parkinson’s disease (aPD), adequate 24-hour control of OFF-time may not be achievable using oral/transdermal therapies. Clinical trials of foslevodopa/foscarbidopa (LDp/CDP) demonstrate meaningful reductions in OFF-time and OFF-related sleep disturbance in aPD. Previous analyses have only considered direct medical costs: this analy...

The effect of subthalamic stimulation (STN-DBS) on patients’ personal satisfaction with life and their Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment is understudied, as is its correlation with quality of life (QoL). Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that STN-DBS for PD enhances satisfaction with life and treatment. In a prospective, multicenter study with a...

Background Stigma is a relevant aspect of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Specific stigma tools are needed to address the complex construct of stigma in PD comprehensively. Objective To test the dimensionality and psychometric properties of the newly developed Parkinson’s Disease Stigma Questionnaire (PDStigmaQuest). Methods In this multi-center, cross...

Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors (COMT-Is) have significantly improved the quality of life and symptom management for those at advanced stages of Parkinson’s Disease (PD). Given that PD is one of the fastest-growing neurodegenerative diseases worldwide, there is a need to establish a clear framework for the systematic distribution of COMT-Is...

Psychosis and visual hallucinations are a prevalent non-motor symptom of Parkinson’s disease, negatively affecting patients’ quality of life and constituting a greater risk for dementia. Understanding neural mechanisms associated to these symptoms is instrumental for treatment development. The mismatch negativity is an event-related potential evoke...

Dopaminergic replacement therapy remains the mainstay of symptomatic treatment for Parkinson’s disease (PD), but many unmet needs and gaps remain. Device-based treatments or device-aided non-oral therapies are typically used in the advanced stages of PD, ranging from stereotactic deep brain stimulation to levodopa or apomorphine infusion therapies....

Background The dopamine transporter striatal binding ratio (DAT SBR) has been used as an outcome measure in Parkinson's disease (PD) trials of potential disease-modifying therapies; however, both patient characteristics and analysis approach potentially complicate its interpretation. Objective The aim was to explore how well DAT SBR reflects PD...

Background Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used to treat various neurological disorders. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of rTMS on Parkinson’s disease (PD) has not been fully elucidated. Neuroinflammation like regulatory T-cells (Tregs) appears to be a key modulator of disease progres...

Background: Cognitive deficits have been reported in Parkinson's Disease psychosis (PDP). Reduced dopamine transporter (DAT) binding ratio has also been associated with PDP. However, it remains unclear whether DAT striatal binding ratio (SBR) may contribute to worsening cognitive performance in PDP. Here, we examined this using data from the Parkin...

The 5-2-1 criteria was developed to facilitate the identification and referral of patients with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) inadequately controlled by oral medications. The criterion was not developed to screen patients with PD for device-aided therapy eligibility. The robust design and validation of the 5-2-1 criteria minimizes over or inappropriate...

Background Cognitive deficits are associated with poor quality of life and increased risk of development of dementia in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) psychosis. The trajectory of cognitive decline in PD psychosis remains however unclear. Objective We examined this using data from the Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative study. Meth...

Purpose of Review Sleep disturbances are amongst most frequent non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease (PD), and they are similarly frequently reported in other alpha-syncleinopathies, such as Dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB) and Multiple System Atrophy (MSA). More recently, the orexin system has been implicated in control of arousal based on sali...

Background: Microbial dysbiosis may contribute to alpha-synuclein (α-Syn) homeostasis disruption, yet the burden of inflammatory periodontal infection and its treatment have never been studied in this regard. We aimed to compare the cytokine and α-Syn levels in the saliva and blood of patients with periodontitis who underwent non-surgical periodont...

Background. Pain is common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and impairs quality of life. The King’s PD pain questionnaire (KPPQ) is a standardized, reliable, and valid self-administered questionnaire for screening of pain in PD. We developed a linguistically validated German version of the KPPQ and applied it to a cohort with fluctuating PD. Methods. Th...

The effects of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) on anxiety in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are understudied. We identified clinical predictors of STN-DBS effects on anxiety in this study. In this prospective, open-label, multicentre study, we assessed patients with anxiety undergoing STN-DBS for PD preoperatively and at 6-month foll...

Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) is an established therapy in advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Motor and non-motor outcomes, however, show considerable inter-individual variability. Preoperative morphometry-based metrics have recently received increasing attention to explain treatment effects. As evidence for the predic...

Fatigue is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but even so, it may still be underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed in current practice due to its non-specific manifestations. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of fatigue in PD patients compared to healthy controls and to identify the main characteristics and assoc...

Background Minority ethnic groups have often been underrepresented in research, posing a problem in relation to external validity and extrapolation of findings. Here, we aimed to assess recruitment and retainment strategies in a large observational study assessing neurological complications following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods Participants were...

Background Apomorphine sublingual film (SL-APO) is an on-demand treatment for OFF episodes in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Objective To assess the long-term (≥ 3 years) safety/tolerability and efficacy of SL-APO. Methods Study CTH-301 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT02542696; registered 2015-09-03) was a phase 3, multicentre, open-la...

Background Foslevodopa/foscarbidopa is a subcutaneous infusion of levodopa/carbidopa prodrugs. Objectives Assess correlations between sleep and efficacy from interim data of a phase 3 trial of foslevodopa/foscarbidopa (NCT03781167). Methods Pearson correlations between sleep (Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale‐2 [PDSS‐2]) and quality of life (QoL; P...

Background Speech graph analysis (SGA) of dreams has recently shown promise as an objective and language-invariant diagnostic tool that can aid neuropsychiatric diagnosis. Whilst the notion that dreaming mentations reflect distinct physiologic processes is not new, such studies in patients with sleep disorders remain exceptionally scarce. Here, usi...

Introduction: Although the reported frequency of diplopia is between 10 to 40% of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and other movement disorders, it remains one of the most undiagnosed non-motor symptoms. Furthermore, it has a major impact on the quality of life of these patients. The aim of this study is to systematically review the literatu...

Cognitive deficits are associated with poor quality of life and increased risk of development of dementia in people with Parkinson's Disease (PD) with psychosis. However, the pattern of progression of cognitive decline within PD psychosis remains unclear. Here, we examined this using data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative study. W...

Background To date, beneficial effects of multimodal exercise programmes on Parkinson’s disease (PD) have focused on motor symptoms and little attention has been paid to the potential effects of such programmes on the non-motor symptoms of PD, which are now universally known as one of the key drivers of quality of life and a key unmet need. We aim...

Parkinson’s disease is now one of the fastest-growing neurodegenerative disorders in the developed world, with an increasing prevalence and associated socioeconomic costs. Progression of the disease leads to a gradual deterioration in patients’ quality of life, despite optimal treatment, and both medical and societal needs increase, often with the...

Importance Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN-DBS) improves quality of life (QOL) in patients with advanced Parkinson disease (PD). However, controlled studies with more than 3 years of follow-up are lacking. Objective To investigate the long-term effects of STN-DBS on QOL compared with standard-of-care medication (MED). Desig...

Background Apomorphine sublingual film (SL-APO) and subcutaneous apomorphine (SC-APO) have been used for the treatment of OFF episodes in Parkinson’s disease (PD). No study has prospectively compared efficacy and safety of these formulations. Objective To compare SL-APO with SC-APO for treatment of OFF episodes in PD. Methods An open-label, rando...

Background Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) for Parkinson’s disease (PD) improves quality of life (QoL), motor and non-motor symptoms (NMS). However, in previous studies, 43%–49% of patients did not experience clinically relevant postoperative QoL improvement. To inform individualised prediction of postoperative QoL improvement,...

Background: Access to care for people with Parkinson's disease (PD), in particular to device-aided therapies (DAT), is not equally distributed. Objectives: To analyse accessibility to DAT (deep brain stimulation; intraduodenal levodopa pump therapy; or apomorphine pump therapy) in Poland. Methods: We analysed the distribution of DAT use in Pol...

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, and the condition is complicated by the emergence of wearing off/motor fluctuations with levodopa treatment after a variable period. COMT inhibitors when used as adjunct therapy to levodopa tend to smoothen out these wearing off fluctuations by enhancing delivery of levo...

People with Parkinson's Disease (PwP) experience a significant deterioration of their daily life quality due to non-motor symptoms, with gastrointestinal dysfunctions manifesting as a vanguard of the latter. Electrogastrography (EGG) is a non-invasive diagnostic tool that can potentially provide biomarkers for the monitoring of dynamic gastric alte...

Loss of empathy is an early and central symptom of frontotemporal lobar degeneration spectrum diseases. We aimed to investigate the topographical distribution of morphometric brain changes associated with empathy in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) and Corticobasal Syndrome (CBS) patients. Twenty-seven participants with CBS and 31 with PSP were...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been discussed in the context of Parkinson’s disease (PD) over the last three years. Now that we are entering the long-term phase of this pandemic, we are intrigued to look back and see how and why the community of patients with PD wa...

Objectives Ethnic minorities (EM) are still underrepresented in research recruitment. Despite wide literature outlining the barriers, enablers and recommendations for driving inclusion and diversity in research, there is still little evidence for successful diversity in research participation, which has a direct impact on the quality of care provid...

Introduction: Foslevodopa/foscarbidopa, a soluble formulation of levodopa/carbidopa (LD/CD) prodrugs for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD), is administered as a 24-hour/day continuous subcutaneous infusion (CSCI) with a single infusion site. The efficacy and safety of foslevodopa/foscarbidopa versus oral immediate-release LD/CD was previou...

Background: Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain affects over 80% of People with Parkinson's (PD, PwP) and may, in part, be dopaminergic in origin, as dopaminergic medication often leads to its relief. Methods: PwP who underwent striatal dopamine transporter visualization with a radiopharmaceutical DaTscan™ (123 I-Ioflupane Injection) using a single-photo...

In Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, a wide range of ocular and visual disorders are present. Tear film instability, inflammation and dysfunction of the ocular surface, and the presence of symptoms of visual disturbance characterize dry eye, a multifactorial disease of the ocular surface. Based on a literature search, we discuss the frequency, pat...

Background Parkinson’s disease has been identified as a risk factor for severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. However, whether the significant high risk of death from COVID-19 in people with Parkinson’s disease is specific to the disease itself or driven by other concomitant and known risk factors such as comorbidities, age, and frai...

The symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) has been dominated by the use of dopaminergic medication, but significant unmet need remains, much of which is related to non-motor symptoms and the involvement of non-dopaminergic transmitter systems. As such, little has changed in the past decades that has led to milestone advances in therapy...

Introduction: Behavioural symptoms are common manifestations of Parkinson's disease and include depression, anxiety, impulse control disorders, hallucinations, psychosis and cognitive dysfunction. They remain inadequately addressed in many patients despite their relevance for quality of life and disability. This applies also to impulse control dis...

Background Levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) improves motor and non-motor symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (aPD). Objective To present the final 36-month efficacy and safety results from DUOGLOBE (DUOdopa/Duopa in Patients with Advanced Parkinson’s Disease – a GLobal OBservational Study Evaluating Long-Term Effectivene...

Oral levodopa is the gold-standard therapy for treating Parkinson’s disease (PD) but after a few years of treatment the therapeutic window narrows, and patients often experience various treatment-related complications. Patients in this advanced PD stage may benefit from alternative therapy, such as continuous intrajejunal delivery of levodopa-carbi...

Introduction: Motor fluctuations are a significant driver of healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) in people with Parkinson's (PwP). A common management strategy is to include Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibition with either opicapone or entacapone in the levodopa regimen. However, to date, there has been a lack of head-to-head data co...

Background Past research indicates a higher prevalence, incidence, and severe clinical manifestations of alpha-synucleinopathies in men, leading to a suggestion of neuroprotective properties of female sex hormones (especially estrogen). The potential pathomechanisms of any such effect on alpha-synucleinopathies, however, are far from understood. Wi...

Background: The identification of biomarkers that reflect worse progression of nonmotor symptoms (NMS) in Parkinson's disease (PD) is currently an unmet need. The main aim of this study was to investigate whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum neurofilament light (NfL), measured at baseline or longitudinally, can be used to predict the progres...