Kabiru Afolarin Rabiu

• MB;BS, FWACS, FMCOG
• Lagos State University

Background The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of antenatal corticosteroid in reducing respiratory morbidity in babies born in the late preterm period. Methods Two hundred and eighty-six pregnant women at risk of having a late preterm delivery were studied. One hundred and forty-three (143) served as the cases and were given 2...

Background: Preeclampsia is reported to complicate 2%-8% of pregnancies globally and is an important cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The aetiology and pathogenesis are still poorly understood and substantial improvement has not been made in the prediction, prevention and treatment of the disease. Objective: To compare the f...

Background Most previous clinical studies investigating the connection between prenatal anaemia and postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) have reported conflicting results. Objectives We examined the association between maternal prenatal anaemia and the risk of PPH in a large cohort of healthy pregnant women in five health institutions in Lagos, Southwest...

Background: Cervical cancer is a disease of major public health significance which can be prevented by adequate screening. Objective: This study assessed the level of cervical cancer knowledge, attitude to screening and human papillomavirus testingexperience in women who self-sampled for cervical cancer screening. Methods: A descriptive cross-secti...

Background Most previous clinical studies investigating the connection between prenatal anaemia and postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) have reported conflicting results. Objectives We examined the association between maternal prenatal anaemia and the risk of PPH in a large cohort of healthy pregnant women in five health institutions in Lagos, Southwest...

Background: The World Health Organization recommends that Assisted Reproductive Technology be complementary to other ethically acceptable solutions to infertility. Whereas fertility centres are increasing in number in urban regions of Africa, published reports of their performance are sparse. We present a 10-year review of assisted reproductive te...

Current World Health Organization guidelines recommend fasting 2-hour tests for all pregnant women, a strategy that is burdensome for patients as well as time and labor-intensive for health systems. There have been suggestions for the use of clinical risk factors-based models as alternatives. These have not been widely tested especially in low-reso...

This prospective cross-sectional study compared the diagnostic accuracy of human epididymal protein 4 (HE4) with cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) and validates the risk of malignancy algorithm (ROMA) in differentiating benign from malignant ovarian tumours. The study population included 112 women with an ultrasound diagnosis of an adnexal mass, out of w...

Background: Effective treatment intervention for uterine leiomyoma is essential to prevent morbidities and associated potential mortalities. Objective: To determine the prevalence, clinical presentation of uterine leiomyoma and the outcome of surgical management options at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeri...

Background: This article discusses cervical cancer and its higher incidence in LMIC compared to HIC due to limited resources and poor prevention strategies. It is preventable through early detection of persistent high-risk HPV infection, which is a critical promoter. Screening methods have evolved from pap smear cytology to HPV-DNA testing and curr...

Objective The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of antenatal corticosteroid in reducing respiratory morbidity in babies born in the late preterm period. Materials and methods Two hundred and eighty-six pregnant women at risk of having a late preterm delivery were studied. One hundred and forty-three (143) served as the cases and w...

Background Prior caesarean delivery (CD) impacts CD rates in many parts of the world. In low and middle-income countries, few women attempt a trial of labour after caesarean delivery (TOLAC) due to inadequate resources for safe vaginal birth after caesarean delivery (VBAC). The CD rates continue to rise as more women undergo repeat CD. In Nigeria,...

To facilitate improvements in health service delivery, patients’ satisfaction with gynecological services was assessed at a tertiary hospital. Five hundred gynecological care-seekers who presented for outpatient consultation, inpatient care, or theatre procedures had face-to-face interviews using close-ended questionnaires. The assessment encompass...

We investigated whether the use of misoprostol plus oxytocin in the active management of the third of stage of labour (AMTSL) would reduce the rate of primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) compared with intramuscular oxytocin alone. This was a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised trial where 1036 pregnant women, in addition to i...

Background: Preeclampsia has continued to be a challenge especially in the areas of understanding the pathogenesis and prevention or treatment of the disease. Previous reports on the relationship between maternal lipids and preeclampsia have varied as its role in the aetiopathogenesis of pre-eclampsia is not clearly defined. This study aimed at com...

Uterine leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignancy accounting for 1-2% of uterine malignancies with an annual incidence of 0.5-7 per 100,000 women. It occurs mostly between the 5th to 7th decades of life hence found more among postmenopausal women. The aetiology is mostly unknown however, in 0.2% of cases, it originates from sarcomatous degeneration in a...

Objective To examine the effects of selenium supplementation on pregnancy outcomes and disease progression among HIV‐infected pregnant women in Lagos. Methods A randomized, placebo‐controlled trial conducted among HIV‐positive pregnant women between September 2018 and August 2019. At enrollment, 90 women were randomly assigned into each treatment...

Background: There has been a global increase in cesarean section rates. While this has improved perinatal outcome, it is associated with complications such as wound infection. We determined risk factors for cesarean section wound infection in a tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria. Materials and methods: We prospectively studied a cohort of 906 w...

The studies that have evaluated the association between vitamin D and risk of ovarian cancer have reported inconsistent findings. Many of these studies were carried out in regions with relatively low sunshine all year round unlike in Africa. This study was aimed to determine the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and epithelial ovarian cance...

Background: Young people, especially those in tertiary institutions are vulnerable to unplanned and unprotected sexual intercourse which predisposes them to unintended pregnancies and subsequently unsafe abortions. One of the key interventions for reduction of unwanted pregnancies and unsafe abortions is effective use of emergency contraceptives. O...

Background and aims: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is recommended for adolescent girls and would offer a long-term solution to cervical cancer especially in developing countries. However, parental perception and acceptance is a critical success factor. This study examined the degree of parental acceptance of HPV vaccination for adolescent...

Background: This study was done to evaluate the histological types, frequency and age distribution of ovarian tumours in Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Lagos State. This study also aims to classify ovarian tumours in this centre according to the World Health Organisation (WHO).Methods: A retrospective, descriptive hospita...

Objectives Ovarian cancer is the second most common female genital cancer in Nigeria. This study aimed to determine the association between serum vitamin D level and risk of ovarian cancer in women in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study from the 1st August 2016 to 31st May 2017. Demographic characteristics including type o...

Background: Adipocytokines have been recently implicated in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Visfatin is one of such adipokines. Objective: To determine the association between serum visfatin levels and preeclampsia. Methods: A prospective, case-control study was carried out in 160 pregnant women consisting of 80 pre-eclamptics and 80 normotensive...

Background: The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear is a standard test for cervical cancer screening; however, the most important challenge is high false-negative results due to inadequate sampling using the Ayres spatula. The cytobrush has been used in combination with the Ayres spatula (cytobrush-spatula) in an attempt to improve the quality of smears with...

Background Eclampsia remains a leading contributor to maternal mortality, particularly in developing countries, and remains a challenge even to the most experienced obstetrician. We aimed to determine the factors associated with maternal mortality in eclamptics at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Nigeria, in order to suggest w...

Addressing unsafe abortion in developing countries may propel a rapid decline in overall maternal death. A retrospective review of patients with complicated unsafe abortion was conducted in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital. In order to provide evidence that may inform policy changes, we describe patients’ clinical profiles, abortion providers, and morb...

Abstract Background Caesarean delivery carries a risk of major intra-operative blood loss and its performance is often delayed by non-availability of blood and blood products. Unnecessary cross-matching and reservation of blood lead to apparent scarcity in centres with limited supply. This study set out to identify the risk factors for blood transf...

Background: The recommended time for decision-delivery-interval (DDI) in emergency caesarean section is 30 minutes, though this is rarely achieved in practice. Good perinatal outcome has been achieved with DDI up to 240 minutes. Objectives: To evaluate the average time it took to deliver the baby by emergency caesarean section after the decision...

Objectives: To determine the seropositivity of Chlamydia antibody in patients with ruptured ec- topic pregnancy compared to normal pregnant women and the risk factors for ectopic pregnancy. Study Design: This was a prospective case-control study of 85 cases of ruptured ectopic pregnancy and 100 cases of second trimester on-going intrauterine pregna...

We studied the practice of malaria prevention and treatment in pregnancy of 394 private medical practitioners in Lagos State, Nigeria using a self-administered pre-tested structured questionnaire. Only 39 (9.9%) respondents had correct knowledge of the World Health Organization (WHO) strategies. Malaria prophylaxis in pregnancy was offered by 336 (...

Background: Cases of sexual assault are increasingly reported. However, Nigerian researchers have not given adequate attention to this subject despite its attendant social, physical and psychological consequences.This study assessed survivors' characteristics, circumstances of assault and treatment offered with a view to reducing the incidence as...

Several maternity units in the developing world lack facilities for caesarean section and often have to transfer patients in extremis. This case controlled study aimed to appraise predictive factors for caesarean section. One hundred and fifty two consecutive women with singleton pregnancies who had caesarean section were studied. The next parturie...

Thrombocytopaenia is a common haematologic abnormality during pregnancy. Pregnant women with thrombocytopenia have a higher risk of bleeding excessively during or after childbirth, particularly if they need to have a caesarean section or other surgical intervention during pregnancy, labour or in the puperium. The aim of this study was to determine...

Immunity in pregnancy is physiologically compromised and this may affect cluster of differentiation four (CD4) count levels. It is well established that several factors affect CD4 count level in pregnancy. This study aims to determine the effects of maternal age, gestational age, parity and level of education as they influence CD4 count in pregnanc...

Physicians with gynaecological training often have correct information about contraceptive technologies, their effects and benefits. Their personal choices may affect their practice. The objectives of this study are to find out what contraceptives Nigerian trainee gynaecologists use, and if this affects the way they counsel their clients. This was...

Hematological profile is considered one of the factors affecting pregnancy and its outcome. Anemia is the most common hematological problem in pregnancy, followed by thrombocytopenia. Leukocytosis is almost always associated with pregnancy. The study reported here was designed to evaluate the overall mean values of seven major hematological paramet...

This study highlights the extent of delays in the presentation and management of ovarian cancer at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital. A total of 37 histologically confirmed epithelial ovarian cancer cases managed from January 2004 to December 2008 were analysed. The time interval between onset of symptoms and seeking healthcare, was 36.1...

Adoption as a treatment option for infertility amongst those that cannot access and/or afford assisted reproduction is not well accepted in developing countries. This study sets out to determine the willingness of infertile women in developing countries to adopt a child and factors that influence women's attitude to adoption. We conducted a questio...

Abiodun Adeniyi Adewunmi,1 Kabiru Afolarin Rabiu,1 Adetokunbo Olufela Tayo,1 Tawakwalit Abimbola Ottun,1 Bolu Sunday Adeboye,2 Raheem Akinwunmi Akindele31Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja-Lagos, 2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, State Specialist Hospital Akure Ondo State, 3Department...

A prospective study was conducted to determine the incidence and pattern of orofacial injuries among eclamptic patients at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital between December 2008 and November 2009. The incidence of orofacial injuries was 42%. Most injuries were due to bite and forceful insertion of hard objects into the patient's mouth b...

Cytomegalovirus (CMV), a ubiquitous virus belonging to the herpes family, is known to be transmitted frequently to developing fetuses in pregnancy. In an immunocompromised state like pregnancy, primary infection through blood transfusion or reactivation of a latent CMV infection can cause severe illness. The study was carried out to determine the s...

To compare maternal and neonatal outcomes between caesarean section performed in the first and second stages of labour at the maternity unit of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Patients hospital records from 1st January 2008 to 31st December 2009 were examined. Data were extracted using a structured proforma. Informatio...

An unusual case of non-puerperal uterine inversion is presented. The patient, a 37 year old multipara who had been earlier diagnosed with uterine fibroids, subsequently developed a protrusion from the vagina having declined surgery. The mass had become necrotic and infected at the time of presentation. Uterine inversion was diagnosed clinically and...

The study aimed to assess the awareness and utilization of the Pap smear among HIV positive women in Lagos, Nigeria. A descriptive cross sectional survey of women attending the anti-retroviral clinic of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, Lagos State, Nigeria was carried out between 1st September and 30th November 2009 using a pre-...

Background Haemorrhage from obstetric causes is the most common cause of maternal mortality in the developing world. Prevention of mortality from haemorrhage will necessarily involve prompt blood transfusions among other life saving measures. There are however limited stocks of fresh or stored blood in many health care facilities in Sub Saharan Afr...

To determine the risk factors for hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Lagos, Nigeria, and the possible implications for hepatitis B prevention in the country. Prospective case control study. Lagos Island Maternity Hospital. Between 1 August 2006 and 31 January 2007, risk factors for hepatitis B infection were determined amongst preg...

Twin pregnancy is associated with increased perinatal mortality, preterm deliveries and maternal complications especially in developing countries. The outcome of twin deliveries at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital (LASUTH), Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria between January 2002 and December 2006 were reviewed. Within the 5year-period, there were 314 tw...

Toxoplasma gondii (T.gondii), an obligate intracellular parasite found in many species throughout the world, causes a variety of clinical syndromes in humans and animals. It is also associated with morbidity and mortality in pregnancy. Hence the need to determine the seroprevalence of antibody to toxoplasmosis gondii amongst pregnant women. A cross...

Reproductive tract infections (RTI's) are endemic in developing countries and entail a heavy toll on women. If untreated, RTI's can lead to adverse health outcomes such as infertility, ectopic pregnancy and increased vulnerability to transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus. It is also associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. While RTI's...

This descriptive study was conducted from January-December 2008 to examine the seminal fluid of the male partners of infertile couples seen in the gynaecology clinic of a tertiary hospital in an urban setting, with a view to determining the prevalence and types of gross abnormalities. All couples who presented for infertility management were counse...

Uterine rupture is a common obstetric complication in developing countries. Primigravidity is now commonly associated with uterine rupture. We present a case of uterine rupture in an unbooked primigravida who had induction of labor with oxytocin and was given 50ug of misoprostol about 3 hours after commencing oxytocin when it was adjudged patient w...

Background Although not a life threatening condition, pelvic organ prolapse can affect a woman’s quality of life by limiting physical, social, psychological and sexual functions. There is paucity of publication on the subject in Nigeria. We determined the incidence, pattern of presentation, factors determining treatment modalities and complications...

To assess the incidence, pattern of presentation and management of complications resulting from unsafe abortion as well as the associated demographic variables at the Lagos Island Maternity Hospital. A cross sectional survey of all cases with complicated induced abortion was carried out between 1st August 2005 and 31st January 2007. The majority of...

This was a retrospective descriptive study of all the patients who underwent emergency peripartum hysterectomy from January 1st 2003 to December 31st 2007 at the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital. Of the 15,067 deliveries during the study period, 57 patients had emergency peripartum hysterectomy (3.78/1000 deliveries). 19.3% of these patient...

A 29-years-old primigravid female presented at the emergency, unit of the teaching hospital with an acute abdomen at 28th week pregnancy in shock. An emergency abdominal ultrasound scan excluded an extrauterine pregnancy but, there was massive free fluid in the peritoneal cavity and an enlarged spleen. Exploratory laparotomy confirmed a torted sple...

Cervical cancer is the most common genital cancer in women in Nigeria. We studied the cervical cancer screening practices of 503 general practitioners in two urban and two rural areas of Lagos state. Only 60 (11.9%) ever informed their patients about cervical cancer screening and female doctors did this more often than their male counterparts (chi(...

A total of 446 infants in the first 6 months of life who presented at an urban children's hospital with complaints of any illness whatsoever were recruited into a study with the aim of determining the contribution of malaria to infant morbidity in a malaria-endemic urban area in Nigeria. Sixty-eight of the infants were in their first month of life...