Kabir Sadarangani

Universidad Diego Portales

Background People with disabilities usually face barriers to regularly engaging in physical activities. Estimating physical activity patterns are necessary to elaborate policies and strategies to facilitate active lifestyles, considering the particular access difficulties experienced by this population.PurposeThis study aimed (i) to describe the pr...

Background Evidence on all-cause mortality attributable to joint sitting time and physical inactivity is lacking. In this study, we estimated the proportion and number of deaths attributable to sitting time and physical inactivity in Chilean adults. Methods A sample of 5834 adults aged 20–96 years from a 2016–2017 Chilean National Health Survey wa...

Background Improving health of children and adolescents is crucial for their overall development. Therefore, it is essential to explore factors that may influence their health at both the public health and school system levels. Objective This study compares physical fitness components and waist-height-to-ratio (WHtR) in adolescents according to sc...

Aims: to determine the effect of a 20-week exergame program on different indicators of body composition and components of health-related physical fitness in adolescents with Down syndrome. Methods and Procedures Outcomes: 49 adolescents (19 female and 30 males; average age, 14.19 ± 2.06 years) with Down syndrome were recruited and randomized to tw...

Background: To estimate the prevalence of different physical activity (PA) domains and sitting time (ST), and to analyze the association with sociodemographic indicators. Methods: Data from the most recent nationally representative survey from each of the South American countries, comprising 155,790 adults (18-64 y), were used. Data on leisure-t...

The aims of this study were (1) to describe and examine differences in change of direction (COD) performance and the magnitude of asymmetries in para-footballers with cerebral palsy (CP) and controls and (2) to evaluate the association between COD outcomes and linear sprint performance. Twenty-eight international para-footballers with CP and thirty...

Objectives: To examine the theoretical substitutions of screen exposure, non-screen sitting time, moderate and vigorous physical activity with depressive and anxiety symptoms in South American adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design: A cross-sectional study during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic with data from 1981 adults from Chil...

This study aims to establish cut-off points for the number of minutes of physical activity intensity and the number of daily steps that identify overweight/obesity in adolescents, adults, and older adults. This study examined data from 2737 participants. Physical activity intensity and the number of daily steps were assessed using GT3X+ ActiGraph m...

Aim To examine the association between physical activity and the cause of death with the greatest risk related to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in a large population-based cohort representative of the general US adult population. Methods A total of 41,726 adults suffering from T2DM (age 62 ± 14 years) and 459,660 adults without diabetes (age 46...

Background: Evidence has shown that active transportation decreases obesity rates, but considering walking or cycling as separate modes could provide additional information on the health benefits in adolescents. This study aimed to examine the associations between walking and cycling as form active transportation and obesity indicators in Latin Ame...

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare academic achievement, cognitive performance, playtime, bullying, and discrimination in adolescents according to traditional uniforms (TUs) and sports uniforms (SUs) worn at school, while simultaneously exploring the influence of the school vulnerability index. Methods: A total of 988 Chilean adolescen...

Background We aimed to investigate time trends and inequalities of different physical activity (PA) domains and sitting time (ST) in adults from South American countries. Methods We included cross-sectional data of nationally representative surveys on adults (n = 597 843) from nine South American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colom...

Background The COVID-19 pandemic imposed major changes on daily-life routine worldwide. To the best of our knowledge, no study quantified the changes on moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behaviors (SB) and its correlates in Brazilians. This study aimed to (i) evaluate the changes (pre versus during pandemic) in time spent...

Objectives To characterize how physical activity and sedentary behavior have been measured in national health surveys in South American countries. Methods An extensive search was made for national health surveys from all 12 South American countries through health websites, national statistical offices, and contact with researchers and policy-maker...

Objectives: To assess alcohol use and perceived change in alcohol consumption (before and during the pandemic) in Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic, its correlates, and association with depressive, anxiety and co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms (D&A). Methods: This is a cross-sectional study comprising 992 individuals in self-iso...

The first aim was to compare differences between school vulnerability groups, fitness levels, and their combination in adolescent cognitive performance. The second aim was to determine the mediation role of fitness in the association between school vulnerability and cognitive performance. A total of 912 Chilean adolescents aged 10–14 years particip...

Background : Physical fitness and fatness converge simultaneously modulating cognitive skills, which in turn, are associated with children and adolescents’ socioeconomic background. However, both fitness components and fat mass localization are crucial for understanding its implication at the cognitive level. Objective : This study aimed to determi...

Measures implemented to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2 have resulted in a decrease in physical activity (PA) while sedentary behaviour increased. The aim of the present study was to explore associations between PA and mental health in Austria during COVID-19 social restrictions. In this web-based cross-sectional study (April–May 2020) moderate-to-...

Background: The beneficial relationship between physical fitness and cognitive performance is affected and modulated by a wide diversity of factors that seem to be more sensitive during the development stage, particularly during early adolescence. This study aimed to examine the role of physical fitness considering the multivariate association bet...

El propósito de este Informe es apoyar la difusión en América Latina de temas importantes relacionados con salud, transporte y equidad.

The worldwide prevalence of insufficient physical activity (PA) and prolonged sedentary behavior (SB) were high before the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Measures that were taken by governments (such as home confinement) to control the spread of COVID-19 may have affected levels of PA and SB. This cross-sectional study among South American adults...

Parte I: Recomendaciones de actividad física para el curso de vida y comorbilidad

ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA Y EJERCICIO SEGÚN CURSO DE VIDA Y COMORBILIDAD Parte II: Prescripción de ejercicio

Abstract: This study aimed to determine whether pupils who have breakfast just before a cognitive demand, do not regularly skip breakfast, and consume a high-quality breakfast present higher cognitive performance than those who do not; furthermore, to establish differences according to their nutritional status. In this study, 1181 Chilean adolescen...

Abstract: This study investigated the impact of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychological status among Saudi adults, and whether physical activity modifies this association. The participants were 518 adults aged �18 years (67.4% men). Using an online survey, data regarding demograph...

This study aimed to establish the association and differences in a diversity of cognitive domains according to cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscular fitness (MF), and speed-agility fitness (S-AF) level in a large sample of Chilean schoolchildren. 1,171 Chilean schoolchildren aged 10-14 years participated. CRF, MF, and S-AF were assessed through...

Reduced sleep duration in schoolchildren has been associated with poor health outcomes at the scholar level; however, there is little information on the effects of sleep loss on Chilean preschoolers. The aim of this study was to describe and compare cardiometabolic outcomes according with the sleep duration in Chilean preschoolers. A second aim was...

Background Our aim was to investigate the association of macroeconomic, human development, and demographic factors with different domains of physical activity and sitting time among South American adults. Methods We used data from nationally representative samples in Argentina (n = 26,932), Brazil (n = 52,490), Chile (n = 3866), Colombia (n = 14,2...

Background: Prolonged sitting time is a risk factor for chronic disease, yet recent global surveillance is not well described. The aims were to clarify: (i) the countries that have collected country-level data on self-reported sitting time; (ii) the single-item tools used to collect these data; and (iii) the duration of sitting time reported across...

This is a cross-sectional study evaluating the associations of self-reported moderate to vigorous physical activity, and sedentary behavior with depressive, anxiety, and co-occurring depressive and anxiety symptoms (D&A) in self-isolating Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were collected using the Beck Depressi...

Background: the present study aimed to investigate the effects of a single nutritional preventive session previous to a critical period linked to fat gain in university students with overweightness and obesity, emulating a nutritional session of a public health system. Methods: In this single-blind randomized controlled trial, 23 students met al...

Background: The self-distancing measures imposed major changes in daily life routine. This study aimed to (i) evaluate the changes (pre-versus during pandemic) in time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in selfisolating Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic, and (ii) to explore correlates of MVPA an...

Background: The study summarizes the findings of the 2018 Chilean Report Card (RC) on Physical Activity (PA) for Children and Adolescents and compares the results with the first Chilean RC and with other countries from the Global Matrix 3.0. Methods: A Research Work Group using a standardized methodology from the Global Matrix 3.0 awarded grades...

Objective To estimate the incidence of major biological cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adults using non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF). Methods 200 039 healthy people (99 957 women), aged ≥18 years (38.5±12.1 years) from the Taiwan MJ Cohort. eCRF was estimated with validated algorithms. Biological CVD risk facto...

Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a novel biomarker related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA) have an inverse relationship with the AIP, while sedentary time (ST) and fatness present a positive association. This study aimed to determine the combined and independent association of CRF, PA,...

Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a novel biomarker related to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and physical activity (PA) have an inverse relationship with the AIP, while sedentary time (ST) and fatness present a positive association. This study aimed to determine the combined and independent association of CRF, PA,...

Objective: This study examined the dose-response relationship between changes in physical activity (PA) and subsequent incidence or remission of overall and abdominal obesity. Methods: A total of 113,950 healthy individuals aged ≥ 18 years participating in the Taiwan MJ Cohort were included. Two-year changes in PA between the first and second ex...

Background: Although clinical gait speed may indicate health and wellbeing in older adults, there is a lack of studies comparing clinical tests with ambulatory gait speed with regard to several health outcomes. Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the associations of clinical gait speed, measured by the 2.44 meter walk test and...

The aims of the present study were: (i) to analyze the associations of the time spent in daily activities (i.e., lie, recline, passive sit, active sit, stand, walk at slow pace, walk at average pace, walk at brisk pace, and other activities) with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC); and (ii) to examine how theoretically reallocating...

Purpose: Whether physical activity (PA) might have certain benefits for cardiovascular disease (CVD) primordial prevention even in the absence of clinically significant weight loss is of public health interest. In this study, we examined the independent and combined associations of simultaneous changes in PA and body weight with the subsequent dev...

OBJECTIVE To examine the association between physical activity (PA) and the risk for metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) or metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) in Asian adults. PATIENTS AND METHODS Data were obtained from 205,745 healthy individuals 18 years or older. Individuals were classified as inactive, lower or upper insufficiently active,...

Background: To assess the validity of the single question to determine sedentary behavior (SB) by using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) in older adults. Methods: The sample included 163 participants (96 women) aged 65-92 years. Self-reported SB was obtained from the GPAQ. Objectively measured SB was assessed using the Intellige...

Although both obesity and ageing are risk factors for cognitive impairment, there is no evidence in Chile on how obesity levels are associated with cognitive function. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between adiposity levels and cognitive impairment in older Chilean adults. This cross-sectional study inclu...

Objective: To examine the association between physical activity (PA) and the risk for metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) or metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) in Asian adults. Patients and methods: Data were obtained from 205,745 healthy individuals 18 years or older. Individuals were classified as inactive, lower or upper insufficiently act...

Bike- sharing is on the hip. Currently, there are more than 1,600 programs operating globally in more than 700 cities and involving more than one million bikes. There are many benefits of bike-sharing. It has been argued that they increase bike use (De Maio, 2009), though this increment is highly dependent on existing modal share. Thus, in places w...

Background: Education and health are crucial topics for public policies as both largely determine the future wellbeing of the society. Currently, several studies recognize that physical activity (PA) benefits brain health in children. However, most of these studies have not been carried out in developing countries or lack the transference into the...

Introduction: Sedentary behavior (SB), physical inactivity and obesity are main risk factors for non-communicable diseases. However, it is unknow whether reallocating SB time with physical activity (PA) domains related to travel, occupational and leisure activities is associated with lower levels of adiposity. The aim of this study, therefore, was...

Objective: .To use a new methodology to classify the level of physical activity (PA) by combining the levels of PA and sedentary time (SED) in order to establish its association with metabolic syndrome (MS). Materials and methods: A representative sample of Chilean adults (≥18 years old) who participated in the National Health Survey (ENS 2009-2...

Aim To examine the association between leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and metabolic control, in adults with diabetes mellitus (DM). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in two hospitals (Santiago, Chile) with 101 type 1 (mean 34.4 ± 12.3 years) and 100 type 2 DM (mean 57.8 ± 5.2 years) adults. Glycated hemoglobin level (A1C) was ob...

Objectives We examined the dose–response relationship between physical activity (PA) and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adults in Taiwan. Methods This study included 1 98 919 participants, aged 18–97 years, free of CVD, cancer and diabetes at baseline (1997–2013), who were followed until 2016. At baseline, participants w...

Hamstring muscle injuries are one of most frequent injuries in team sports. Whole-body vibration (WBV) has an important effect on flexibility that could prevent shortening of the hamstrings. To investigate both acute and residual effect of a single bout of WBV on hamstring flexibility in a group of university athletes from team sports 70 athletes (...

Chile’s first Report Card (RC) on Physical Activity for Children and Youth released in 2016 graded with an F overall physical activity (PA), as only 3 out of 10 children and 2 out of 10 youth performed at least 60 minutes of moderate-to vigorous-intensity PA per day. Most indicators received very low grades, except for Community and Environment, an...

There is limited evidence on how reallocating time spent on different physical activity domains and sedentary behavior is associated with body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). To examine the associations and theoretical reallocations of sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) domains with obesity indicators in a representat...

Objectives To examine the separate and joint association between physical activity and frailty and long‐term all‐cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in older adults. Design Population‐based prospective cohort study. Setting Cohort representative of the noninstitutionalized Spanish population. Participants Individuals aged 60 and old...

Despite the numerous benefits associated with physical activity (PA), 9.4% of Chileans adults were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) in 2009, with more than 65.0% having poor metabolic control1. Moreover, specific information regarding number of type 1 (T1) or type 2 (T2) DM patients reaching these targets due to physical inactivity are unacces...

Introduction/Background: Evidence sustains, that diabetes mellitus (DM) treatment requires a concerned dietary intake, physical activity (PA) participation and pharmacological adherence to preserve an adequate metabolic control. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a complex care hospital (Santiago, Chile) with 101 Type-1 DM (34.4±12....

Sleep Apnea Syndrome (SAS) is highly related to obesity. The main purpose of this study is to determine the variation between Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) and Body Mass Index (BMI) on sleep apnea patients after a year of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) treatment in the Linde Sleep Center. Results: 104 male patients were included in this st...

Resultados: 104 pacientes varones fueron incluidos en este estudio, las variables analizadas fueron: índice de apnea-hipopnea (IAH), índice de masa corporal (IMC) y cuestionario de somnolencia diurna Epworth. Respecto a los datos obtenidos de IMC, se encontró tras un año de tratamiento con CPAP un descenso significativo de esta variable (p < 0,001)...

This work examines whether the increased all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality associated with polypharmacy could be offset by a healthy lifestyle. We included a prospective cohort of 3,925 individuals representative of the Spanish population aged ≥60 years, who were recruited in 2000-2001 and followed up through 2014. Polypharmacy w...

Objectives The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine the evidence for the effectiveness of beta-hy- droxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation interventions on modification in strength and body composition in trained and competitive athletes. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods A systematic search was performed using three databas...

Background: Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) countries, have been historically underrepresented due to the lack of surveillance on physical behaviours in young populations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe and compare overall physical activity (PA), active transportation to and from school (i.e. walking or cycling), physical ed...

Background: There is limited evidence on potential health benefits of active travel, independently of leisure-time physical activity (PA), with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Latin-America. Objective: To investigate the relationship between active travel and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a national representative sample of Chilea...

Introducción: La Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), es una enfermedad en aumento exponencial dentro de los últimos años en Chile y el mundo. Actualmente, el tratamiento nacional consta de farmacología y cambios en los estilos de vida. Dentro de estos estilos de vida, la actividad física ha evidenciado una mejora en el control metabólico, incremento de...

Background: There is limited evidence on potential health benefits of active travel, independently of leisure-time physical activity (PA), with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Latin-America. Objective: To investigate the relationship between active travel and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its com- ponents in a national representative sample of Chilean...

Fruto de la colaboración entre el Ministerio de Salud, Sociedades Médicas y académicos destaca- dos, se ha logrado desarrollar la publicación Recomendaciones de Actividad Física para personas con comorbilidad, en el marco de la Promoción de la Salud y la Prevención en las enfermedades no transmisibles. Las recomendaciones se basan en las existentes...