K M Saif-Ur-Rahman

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• Doctor of Philosophy
• Research Fellow at Ollscoil na Gaillimhe – University of Galway

It is difficult to match the causes of exclusion among two independent review authors after screening the title and abstract or full texts in systematic reviews. We have proposed the prioritization and sequential exclusion approach to reduce the subjectivity in reporting reasons for exclusion. This approach might reduce the burden of mismatched num...

Well-conducted systematic reviews and other evidence syntheses are important in informing policy and practice decisions. It is reasonable to expect that the processes by which reviews are planned, conducted, analysed and reported are informed by up-to-date research evidence. However, many of the decisions taken when ‘doing’ systematic reviews and o...

Objective Little is known about the treatment of post‐coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) condition (PCC). This article examines the effectiveness of pharmacological interventions for treating people with PCC. Methods We searched Medline, EMBASE, ClinicalTrials. gov, and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform. Two independent review a...

Introduction Rapid identification of severe acute respiratory syndrome‐coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infections by testing potentially reduced coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) cases. Testing strategies varied across countries and during different stages of the pandemic. This scoping review aims to map the available evidence on the effectiveness of SA...

Background: Cholera causes acute watery diarrhoea and death if not properly treated. Outbreaks occur in areas with poor sanitation, including refugee camps. Several vaccines have been developed and tested over the last 50 years. This is an update of a Cochrane review, originally published in 1998, which explored the effects of all vaccines for prev...

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To assess the effectiveness of different SARS‐CoV‐2 testing strategies in reducing COVID‐19 cases, hospitalisations, and deaths among suspected cases and asymptomatic individuals.

Objectives This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of automated methods using artificial intelligence (AI) in conducting systematic reviews, with a focus on both performance and resource utilisation compared to human reviewers. Study Design and Setting This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol follows the Cochrane Metho...

Pneumococcal infections are a serious health issue associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This systematic review evaluated the efficacy, effectiveness, immunogenicity, and safety of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)15 compared to other pneumococcal vaccines or no vaccination in children and adults. We identified 20 randomized con...

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Objective Refugee or immigrant women residing in conflict prone countries portray elevated mental health related vulnerabilities during their peripartum periods and require effective interventions for improved maternal and child well-being. The objective of this review is to generate evidence on effective interventions for managing peripartum menta...

The underrepresentation of equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI) in health research limits the understanding of intervention impacts across diverse populations. This study aims to assess the extent of EDI consideration in SARS-CoV-2 testing strategy research and highlight the need for integrating these aspects into health research.

Rapid reviews have gained popularity as a pragmatic approach to synthesise evidence in a timely manner to inform decision-making in healthcare. This article provides an overview of the key concepts and methodological considerations in conducting rapid reviews, drawing from a series of recently published guidance papers by the Cochrane Rapid Reviews...

Background and Aims The emergence of the COVID‐19 pandemic led to the adoption of telework modalities by individuals in Bangladesh. The study's objective was to determine the job satisfaction and performance level of employed Bangladeshi women working from home during the COVID‐19 pandemic lockdown. Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted am...

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the global overdose crisis, increased opioid-related deaths and highlighted the need for innovative treatment strategies. This study critically evaluates the efficacy of take home methadone for patients with opioid use disorders (OUDs) during public health emergencies. Methods: Adhering to PRISMA re...

Maintaining methodological standards and reporting integrity in publishing systematic reviews is crucial. Researchers, peer reviewers, and journal editors share the responsibility to ensure this.

Introduction The GRADE-ADOLOPMENT methodology has been widely used to adopt, adapt or de novo develop recommendations from existing or new guideline and evidence synthesis efforts. This guidance refines the operationalization for applying GRADE-ADOLOPMENT. Methods Through iterative discussions, online meetings and email communications, the GRADE...

Objective: Even though dynamic multidisciplinary team discussions are crucial for end-of-life care management and decisions concerning chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the details of the discussion contents remain poorly understood. This study aimed to identify essential considerations in decision-making for patients with chronic respi...

Background This protocol outlines a scoping review with the objective of identifying and exploring planetary health considerations within existing health guidelines and health technology assessments (HTA). The insights gained from this review will serve as a basis for shaping future Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluatio...

Background This protocol outlines a scoping review with the objective of identifying and exploring planetary health considerations within existing health guidelines and health technology assessments (HTA). The insights gained from this review will serve as a basis for shaping future Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluatio...

The rapidly expanding older population across Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) underscores the urgent need to strengthen the health systems. However, the extent of service coverage and healthcare workforce allocation strategies for geriatric and palliative care in LMICs remains inadequately explored. To address this, we conducted this syste...

The appropriate host cell immune responses for the progression of several diseases, including gastric or stomach cancer (GC), are significantly influenced by HLA polymorphisms. Our objective was to systematically review the evidence linking HLA polymorphisms with the risk of Helicobacter. pylori related GC. We conducted a comprehensive literature s...

Background Since the first case of COVID-19 was diagnosed in Wuhan, China in late 2019, concomitant infections with Herpesviridae were documented that were presented from simple skin manifestations to severe life-threatening conditions that may lead to mortality. In this systematic review, we have included studies conducted in different parts of th...

Objectives: This research was conducted to explore the patterns and behavior of panic purchasing, stockpiling, and use of drugs during COVID-19 in the Sylhet city, Bangladesh. Study design: The study adopted qualitative exploratory research design. Methods: 25 in-depth interviews with drug sellers and clients and 7 key informant interviews were con...

Background Cholera can result in the expulsion of important microbiota from the gut and result in death if left untreated. The disease transmits mainly via drinking water carrying Vibrio cholerae; and household contacts (HHC) of cholera patients are at elevated risk during the first week of infection. The gut microbiota profiles of HHC-children of...

This systematic review aimed to explore the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) and operational research (OR) practices during public health emergencies (PHE) in the southeast Asian region (SEAR) over the last decade. We searched electronic databases and grey literature sources for studies published between 2012 and 2022. The studies written in English...

Background: Bangladesh has made substantial progress in improving socioeconomic and health indicators over the past 50 years, but data on national disease burden are scarce. We used data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 to estimate the burden of diseases and risk factors in Bangladesh from 1990 to 2019...

Objective This study examined the longitudinal association of perceived stress, ikigai, and having someone one can count on in middle age with the advanced-level functional competency in older age, which is crucial for the maintenance of independent life among older adults. The issue is especially relevant in super-aged countries like contemporary...

Background Ensuring a good death is one of the primary objectives of palliative care and end-of-life care. There is insufficient evidence regarding what defines a good death for people living with dementia. Obtaining an understanding of what constitutes a good death could help improve dementia care. This study aimed to explore how multiple stakehol...

Background: Vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has demonstrated reduced risk of hospitalisation and death against more recent variants of COVID-19. Some studies suggested improvements in patients with post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) following vaccination. We systematically explored available evidence on the effect of COVID-19 vaccine...

Supplementary document of the article titled "Artificial intelligence and digital health in improving primary health care service delivery in LMICs: A systematic review" .

Supplementary document of the article titled "Effectiveness of Colistin in carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii – A systematic review".

Supplementary document of the article titled "Effect of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of people with post‐COVID‐19 condition: A rapid review".

Aim Technology including artificial intelligence (AI) may play a key role to strengthen primary health care services in resource‐poor settings. This systematic review aims to explore the evidence on the use of AI and digital health in improving primary health care service delivery. Methods Three electronic databases were searched using a comprehen...

Treatment of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) infections has become a significant challenge for physicians due to its resistance to common antibiotics. Colistin, previously banned, has been reintroduced despite debates about its effectiveness and safety. We aimed to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of Colistin in the C...

We aimed to identify community-based interventions to prevent stroke in low-and-middle-income countries. A comprehensive search in Medline through PubMed, Web of Science (core collection), and Scopus was conducted in October, 2021 and updated in August, 2023. Studies published only in English between 1st January, 2000 and August 26, 2023 were inclu...

Introduction: Good adherence to anti-diabetic medications is an important protective factor for decreasing diabetes-related complications and disabilities but its association with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is understudied. The current study aimed to assess an association between medication adherence to anti-diabetic drugs and HRQoL am...

High blood pressure is a major risk factor for premature death. Leisure-time physical activities have been recommended to control hypertension. Studies examining how leisure-time physical activity affects blood pressure have found mixed results. We aimed to conduct a systematic review examining the effect of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) on...

Background: Diabetes is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide, and affects people regardless of country, age group, or sex. Using the most recent evidentiary and analytical framework from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD), we produced location-specific, age-specific, and sex-specific estimat...

Earlier some studies developed prognostic models with some of the prognostic factors to estimate survival of non-small cell lung cancer patients. Besides, many studies described individually about different prognostic factors association. In addition, systematic reviews were also conducted to synthesize evidences of association of some of them with...

Objective To assess the diagnostic accuracy of stool specimens to diagnose pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in adults. Design Systematic review. Data sources MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Web of Science and the Cochrane database were searched from inception to 9 March 2023–10 March 2023 using a comprehensive search strategy; reference lists of selec...

Supplementary Material for "Effective antimicrobial therapies of urinary tract infections among children in low- and middle-income countries: A Systematic Review"

Importance: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections encountered in infancy and childhood. Despite the emerging problem of antibiotic resistance in recent years, the use of antibiotics for better management of UTIs is inevitable. Objective: This study aims to explore the efficacy and adverse effects of the available ant...

Monkeypox is an emerging threat to humans since a new outbreak in May 2022. It is hypothesised that increasing the immunologically naive population after the cessation of the smallpox vaccination campaign in the 1980s is one of the leading causes of it. A literature search was conducted using different electronic databases including MEDLINE (throug...

Aducanumab is a novel disease‐modifying anti‐amyloid‐beta (Aβ) human monoclonal antibody specifically targeted to the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It was granted for treating AD in June 2021 by the United States Food and Drug Administration. We systematically analyzed available trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of aducanuma...

The present study investigates the association between long-term systolic blood pressure (SBP) variability and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by using different indicators of the variability including standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), maximum and minimum difference (MMD), root mean square error (RMSE), variability...

Smoking is one of the leading causes of premature deaths worldwide. The cigarette is the commonest form of tobacco smoking. This study investigated the factors associated with cigarette smoking among men in five South Asian countries. We analyzed nationally representative cross-sectional study (Demographic and Health Survey) data conducted in Afgha...

Objectives Primary Health Care (PHC) oriented health systems are crucial to accelerate the achievement of Universal Health Coverage. Previous studies have suggested the importance of participatory approaches to improve PHC. This review aimed to identify the available published implementation research in PHC considering participatory approaches in L...

Background: Vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has demonstrated reduced risk of hospitalisation and death against more recent variants of COVID-19. Some studies suggested improvements in patients with post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) following vaccination. We systematically explored available evidence on the effect of COVID-19 vaccine...

The emerging concept of planetary health needs to be discussed in a more organized and sustainable way within the global public health and healthcare disciplines. Therefore, planetary health should be considered a cardinal component of the global academic framework for healthcare professionals. The availability of related curricula and courses is c...

Transparent reporting of the search strategy is crucial in replicating a systematic review. Following the standard guidelines, authors of systematic reviews should provide a comprehensive search strategy for all the databases. Authors should follow the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) checklist and peer rev...

Studies have reported that short-term blood pressure (BP) variability (BPV) is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence, but the association with long-term BPV remains unclear. The present study investigated the associations of long-term BPV as well as the time trend of BP changes over time with the incidence of T2DM. This study fo...

The emerging concept of planetary health needs to be discussed in a more organized and sustainable way within the global public health and healthcare disciplines. Therefore, planetary health should be considered a cardinal component of the global academic framework for healthcare professionals. The availability of related curricula and courses is c...

Introduction Stroke is the second leading cause of death and morbidity across the globe. In low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), it has become an overwhelming burden over the past few decades. This burden is escalating at a much greater pace compared with that of high-income countries. It is considered the most frequent cause of adult di...

Several phase‐1 clinical trials have been performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of candidate anti‐Zika vaccines. In this systematic review, we systematically evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of candidate vaccines, which would aid researchers in formulating an effective vaccination strategy for phase‐2 trials based on current evidence...

Background The health risks associated with moderate alcohol consumption continue to be debated. Small amounts of alcohol might lower the risk of some health outcomes but increase the risk of others, suggesting that the overall risk depends, in part, on background disease rates, which vary by region, age, sex, and year. Methods For this analysis,...

Supplementary data

Aims: The associations between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) subtypes are not well established among the Japanese population. This study used longitudinal data from the Aichi Workers' Cohort Study to explore the association between LDL-C levels and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) a...

Mass testing for COVID-19 infection is one of the core measures in tackling the global spread of the disease. Testing is vital to diagnose and estimate cases, attack rates and case fatality rates- critical data for policy-making. As COVID-19 continues to spread globally, the demand for more extensive laboratory testing and innovative technology inc...

Introduction Environmental toxicants such as chemical pollution have an enormous impact on the health of people and the planet. Emerging findings suggest that non-communicable diseases are linked to early and chronic environmental exposures. However, the rapid globalisation in developing countries, environmental change and the emergence, spread, pe...

Background: Dementia and diabetes are highly prevalent among the older society in Japan. People living with dementia (PLWD) often face hurdles in managing diabetes. This study explored the perspectives of healthcare providers in Japan regarding diabetes management in PLWD. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study using in-depth interviews as a...

Background: Combating viral hepatitis is part of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and WHO has put forth hepatitis B elimination targets in its Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis (WHO-GHSS) and Interim Guidance for Country Validation of Viral Hepatitis Elimination (WHO Interim Guidance). We estimated the global, regional, a...

Objective Diabetes poses serious health threats and economic burdens to patients, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). This systematic review searches for non-pharmacological interventions for the prevention of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among patients who are non-diabetic and pre-diabetic from LMICs. Settings LMICs....

Background The population's mental and physical health worldwide are currently at risk due to the coronavirus pandemic. We evaluated the mental health status of the adolescents trapped indoors because of the precautionary restrictions and prolonged closure of the educational institutions. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on adolescents...

Objective Bangladesh has 67% of estimated deaths caused by non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The country aimed to reduce NCD-related premature deaths by one-third by 2030. This study aimed to explore the overall implementation status of the NCD control program at the primary health care (PHC) level in Bangladesh, explore the challenges, and identif...

A previous pooled analysis demonstrated significant relief of breathlessness following opioid administration in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, in clinical practice, it is important to know the characteristics of patients responding to opioids, the best prescription methods, and the evaluation measures that can suffici...

Introduction Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a frequently diagnosed infection in women and children. Treatments are often initiated with broad-spectrum antibiotics without performing any culture and sensitivity test. Inappropriate and empirical antimicrobial regimens and poor adherence to the drugs lead to the recurrence of the disease. Moreover,...

Objective Interpersonal violence among school-going adolescents is a worldwide concern. This study explored the impact of parent-adolescent bonding on interpersonal violence among school-going adolescents in Bangladesh. Study design Cross-sectional. Methods Data were extracted from the Global School Health Survey (GSHS), 2014. A total of 2989 cou...

Background: Advances in medical science coupled with increased people's income results an elevated average of life expectancy even in the resource poor countries. The growing number of aged population, however, has drawn little attention in health system discourse of low-and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Nevertheless, ensuring availability of ap...

Almost all low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have instated a program to control and manage non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Population screening is an integral component of this strategy and requires a substantial chunk of investment. Therefore, testing the screening program for economic along with clinical effectiveness is essential. There...

Introduction: Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is an established causal factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischemic stroke. A positive linear association between LDL-C and risk of CHD or ischemic stroke was reported from western populations but among Japanese the evidence still insufficient especially on the risk of ischemic str...

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) is crucial for appropriate immune responses in several viral infections, as well as in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS CoV-2). The unpredictable nature of Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID 19), observed in both inter-individual and inter-population level, raises the question, to what extent the HLA, a...

Background The dementia care policy in Japan emphasizes the views of people living with dementia in care planning. An exploration of the everyday wishes of older people living with dementia can help clarify their priorities and assist in improving dementia care. This study aimed to explore the everyday wishes of older people living with dementia in...

ABSTRACT Diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes, at younger ages can be a largely preventable cause of death with the correct health care and services. We aimed to evaluate diabetes mortality and trends at ages younger than 25 years globally using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. METHODS We used...

Background: Diabetes, particularly type 1 diabetes, at younger ages can be a largely preventable cause of death with the correct health care and services. We aimed to evaluate diabetes mortality and trends at ages younger than 25 years globally using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Methods: We...

Background In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15–39 years) are lacking. To address this...

This country profile on mental healthcare in Bangladesh describes the state of mental health research in the country and presents a set of priorities for addressing improvements to the fundamental gaps in mental healthcare. Focus on building infrastructure for public mental health facilities, training skilled mental health professionals, adequate d...

Introduction Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. In 2015, over 1.13 billion individuals worldwide had hypertension. Globally, it results in 10.8 million deaths every year. Around half of the individuals do not continue treatment with medicine to control blood pressure. Physical activity, a non-pharmacological option of...

Background After the first detection in November 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has spread rapidly over the continents and started the pandemic of the millennium. In addition to several novels and repurposed monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as a therapeutic option against COVID-19, scientists from across the world have developed several candidate vaccines, developed...

Introduction Overweight/obesity represents a major and increasing burden in Nepal where women in reproductive-aged groups are highly affected. We aimed to explore the trends and association of overweight by socioeconomic position among the different reproductive-aged women in Nepal. Methods We used datasets from five nationally representative surv...

Background Diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This systematic review aims to explore the work-related factors among people with diabetes in developing CVD. Methods Four electronic databases were searched on 1 February 2021 using a comprehensive search strategy without any time restriction. Two independent researcher...

Background Regularly updated data on stroke and its pathological types, including data on their incidence, prevalence, mortality, disability, risk factors, and epidemiological trends, are important for evidence-based stroke care planning and resource allocation. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) aims to provide a...

Objectives The burden of hypertension is increasing in low-income countries, including Ethiopia. Obesity is widely known to be associated with hypertension, but different anthropometric indices of obesity might differ in association with hypertension, which is largely unknown in northern Ethiopia. Design Data from our previous cross-sectional epid...

Global, regional, and national sex-specific burden and control of the HIV epidemic, 1990–2019, for 204 countries and territories: the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019 GBD 2019 HIV Collaborators * Show footnotesOpen AccessPublished:October, 2021DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(21)00152-1 Summary Background The sustainable development goa...

Background Tuberculosis is a major contributor to the global burden of disease, causing more than a million deaths annually. Given an emphasis on equity in access to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis in global health targets, evaluations of differences in tuberculosis burden by sex are crucial. We aimed to assess the levels and trends of the...