Jyothi Samanth

• MASTER OF SCIENCE IN ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
• Professor (Associate) at Manipal Academy of Higher Education

Introduction TVS (Transvaginal Sonography) guided Cervical strain elastography (CSE) is now available in tertiary referral centers of LMICs (Low- and Middle-Income Countries). TVS cervical length (CL) assessment is being used routinely. Still, elastography is not used in clinical settings, although enough evidence suggests good predictive value tow...

Objectives To evaluate cardiac structural and functional changes in neonates with fetal growth restriction (FGR) compared to appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) neonates using conventional echocardiography, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), and speckle tracking echocardiography. Method This case-control study included 85 FGR neonates and 75 non-FGR,...

The current work proposes an efficient assessment of hypertension (HTN) using a Directional-Guided Motion Sensitive (DGMS) descriptor and Machine Learning (ML) algorithm. The main objective of the proposed work is to automate the detection of HTN using ultrasound (US) images. The four-chamber US images from 70 healthy subjects and 70 HTN patients a...

Phonocardiogram (PCG) signals generated by the heart contain information about heart conditions. This review examines how PCG analysis identifies and diagnoses heart issues. We studied traditional signal processing and artificial intelligence techniques and provided a complete picture of the current state of this field. Adhering to the systematic r...

The objective of the study was to find the prevalence of metabolic syndrome along with identifying the atrial arrhythmias, QTC interval, and coronary artery disease among these patients during follow-ups. Among 171 subjects who were implanted with permanent pacemakers, metabolic syndrome was present in 90 (52.6 %). Prevalence of Arrhythmias was 49...

Purpose: The present study aimed to longitudinally evaluate LV systolic function among patients who underwent primary PCI for acute MI on the basis of culprit vessel. Methods: A Cohort study was conducted involving 258 patients who underwent primary angioplasty for Acute MI. Each participant underwent an initial echocardiography assessment using a...

This study aimed to find an association between ABO blood groups with presence and severity of Coronary artery disease (CAD) among Indian population. 1500 patients undergoing elective coronary angiogram (CAG) at a tertiary care hospital in Karnataka were enrolled in the study. Baseline demographic data and the presence of cardiac comorbidities were...

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a chronic complex disease that prevails as a prime cause of concern for healthcare sectors worldwide, with a concordant objective to improve the long-term prognosis. Analysis of the available literature is evidence that yoga therapy and basic lifestyle modifications have considerably augmented heart failure patien...

Background: Although studies have proven that liver cirrhosis affects cardiac hemodynamics by means of circulatory overload, they present with definite cardiac functional alteration mostly with end-stage disease. There is limited data on relationship between progression of cirrhosis, cardiac mechanics and sub-clinical dysfunction. This study was d...

Intracranial tumors arise from constituents of the brain and its meninges. Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common adult primary intracranial neoplasm and is categorized as high‐grade astrocytoma according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The survival rate for 5 and 10 years after diagnosis is under 10%, contributing to its grave prognosis. Ea...

Background : Doppler studies performed on uteroplacental/ fetal circulation have proven useful in diagnosing FGR, appropriately timing the delivery, and improving perinatal morbidity and mortality. There has been an extensive search to find an ideal vessel to identify fetuses between the compensatory and acidemic phase that is in the “pre-acidemic...

Background: COVID-19 has spread rapidly across the world, producing significant morbidity and mortality. We investigated the cardiovascular complications and association of laboratory parameters with severity and mortality predictors in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Methods: Between May 2020 and June 2021, 730 COVID-19 patients were included i...

This study aimed to compare the differences in echocardiographic and strain parameters in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD) in a cohort with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) and normal ejection fraction (EF). In this single-center prospective study, patients with CKD stages 3–5 and EF > 55%...

Hypertension (HTN) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. At least 45% of deaths due to heart disease and 51% of deaths due to stroke are the result of hypertension. According to research on the prevalence and absolute burden of HTN in India, HTN positively correlated with age and was present in 20.6% of men and 20.9% of women. It was...

Cardiac pacemakers are used in the treatment of patients with symptomatic bradycardia. The pacemaker paces the heart at the predetermined rate to maintain uninterrupted cardiac activity. Usually, pacemaker lead will be connected to the right atrium (RA) and right ventricle (RV) in dual-chamber pacemaker implantation and RV alone in single-chamber p...

The fetal echocardiogram is useful for monitoring and diagnosing cardiovascular diseases in the fetus in utero. Importantly, it can be used for assessing prenatal congenital heart disease, for which timely intervention can improve the unborn child’s outcomes. In this regard, artificial intelligence (AI) can be used for the automatic analysis of fet...

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disorder that exhibits a wide spectrum of clinical presentations, including sudden death. Early diagnosis and intervention may avert the latter. Left ventricular hypertrophy on heart imaging is an important diagnostic criterion for HCM, and the most common imaging modality is heart ultrasound (US). The...

Background : Human emotions greatly affect the actions of a person. The automated emotion recognition has applications in multiple domains such as health care, e-learning, surveillance, etc. The development of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tools has led to the automated recognition of human emotions. Objective : This review paper provides an insi...

The global pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused millions of deaths and affected the livelihood of many more people. Early and rapid detection of COVID-19 is a challenging task for the medical community, but it is also crucial in stopping the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Prior substantiation of artificial intelligence (AI) in var...

Introduction Offspring of diabetic mothers have five times higher risk of cardiovascular abnormalities than in normal pregnancies. These cardiac anomalies involve fetal cardiac morphological and functional changes. Here, we investigate subclinical cardiovascular abnormalities, including structural and functional changes among infants of diabetic mo...

Coronary artery disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Its underlying histopathology is the atherosclerotic plaque, which comprises lipid, fibrous and—when chronic—calcium components. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) and intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) performed during invasive coronary angiography are refe...

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a common yet a largely underdiagnosed entity in developing countries. It is one treatable condition that is known to adversely affect the mortality and morbidity in heart failure (HF). This study is one of the first attempts aimed at studying SDB in chronic HF patients from an Indian subcontinent. O...

Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive disease affecting more than twenty million individuals in the United States. Disease progression is often characterized by complications such as cardiovascular diseases, anemia, hyperlipidemia and metabolic bone diseases etc., Based on estimated GFR values, the disease is categorized in 5 stages which s...

Background Acute pulmonary embolism remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the clinical profile, management, and outcomes of patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Methods This was a retrospective, single-center, and observational study. All consecutive patients with proven diagnosis of pulmonary emb...

Introduction Ventricular interdependence in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) by the use of most recent echocardiographic techniques are still rare. The current case-controlled study aims to assess left ventricular (LV) torsion in patients with PAH. Methods The study included 42 cases of moderate to severe PAH and 42 age and gender-matched hea...

In the presence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the fetus is exposed to a hyperin-sulinemia environment. This environment can cause a wide range of metabolic and fetal cardiac structural alterations. Fetal myocardial hypertrophy predominantly affecting the interventricular septum possess a morphology of disarray similar to hypertrophic card...

Background: Speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) has emerged as a novel feasible tool for the assessment of left ventricular rotational parameters. Since hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM) shares morphologic features with left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC), we used this imaging modality to compare rotational mechanics between these two entiti...

There is sparse Indian data on whether fetal echocardiography among pregnant diabetics would be useful to predict adverse perinatal/neonatal outcome. Objectives To study fetal cardiac changes in diabetic mothers and non-diabetic controls from 24 weeks gestation until the neonatal period; correlate them with maternal glycemic control; study their i...

Aim: Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) and atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia (AVRT) are the most common forms of paroxysmal regular supraventricular tachycardias. Materials & methods: The clinical, ECG and electrophysiological findings of 121 patients with narrow QRS tachycardia were evaluated prospectively. Results: A total...

Introduction: It is vital to understand the association between lipid profile and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in young patients with suspected CAD. The clinical presentation, lipid profile and severity of CAD may differ in patients who develop CAD at young age and those at older age. Friesinger (FR) index is an important tool to a...

Introduction: Some pacemaker implanted patients have an atherosclerotic disease which promotes conduction system ischemia and conduction disturbances. The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its risk factors in patients undergoing permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI).Methods: This prospective, single...

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure. Echocardiography, or cardiac ultrasound, is a helpful imaging tool to screen for PH. However, expert interpretation is required for successful screening. Development of a more automated method for diagnosis of PH would be useful to minimize error, thereby improvin...

Heart is one of the important as well as hardest working organ of human body. Cardiac ischemia is the condition where sufficient blood and oxygen will not reach the heart muscle due to narrowed arteries of the heart. This condition is called coronary artery disease. Several non-invasive diagnostic tests fail to reveal exact impact of coronary arter...

Introduction: Amlodipine is a third generation dihydropyridine group of calcium channel blocker and having an excellent antihypertensive profile. Pedal Oedema (PE) is the major drawback of amlodipine therapy and the incidence of Amlodipine Induced Pedal Oedema (AIPE) has been found significantly high. Several neurohumoral factors influence the inci...

Objective: To determine the utility of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in detecting early right ventricle (RV) myocardial dysfunction, given its prognostic implications in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: A prospective case-control study was carried out involving 36 COPD patients in an acute exacerbated state as case...

Background & objectives: Child-Pugh score (CPS) is a widely used prognostic marker in cases of cirrhosis and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the role of this score in the quantification of severity of PAH is not well studied. In mild cases, echocardiography is more sensitive. This study was done to assess the association between ech...

Objectives: Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is one of the common conditions that interfere with the growth of the fetus accounting for 10-15% of pregnant woman. Literature explores a wide range of incidence of perinatal complication including mortality among IUGR pregnancies. Limited data available on these complications confined to coastal...

Based on the systematic review, periodic Doppler assessment is essential in IUGR. However, there is no novel method to detect the various anomalies of IUGR. Therefore there is a need to conduct further reviews on non-invasive Doppler study for identifying all the methods. Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) caused by various etiologies results i...

ABSTRACT Objective: To observe and assess left atrial (LA) function by observing the differences in conventional Doppler echo parameters of left ventricular inflow and LA appendage among patients with mitral valve disease. Methods: A total of 43 mitral valve disease patients appearing consecutively for echocardiogram (ECHO) test at the cardiology d...

We present an unusually large intracardiac fungal ball for the first time in a preterm neonate measuring 18mm x 9 mm with congenital heart disease complicated by right atrial mycetoma attached to atrial septum protruding in and out of tricuspid valve producing tricuspid flow obstruction. Size of fungal ball rapidly progressed from 7mm x 8mm to 18mm...

Background and aims: Dynamic parameters such as the respiratory variation in aortic flow peak velocity (ΔVpeak) and inferior vena cava distensibility index (dIVC) are accurate indices of fluid responsiveness in adults. Little is known about their utility in children. We studied the ability of these indices to predict fluid responsiveness in anaest...

Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are prone to develop heart failure even in the absence of evident hypertension and coronary artery disease. This entity is difficult to detect in early stages by conventional echocardiographic techniques. 32 asymptomatic TMT (tread mill stress test) negative DM patients compared with control subjects were screen...

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), an auto-somal dominant disorder due to mutation of genes encoding sarcomeric proteins, leads to left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Recently, the research in this area suggests that systolic dysfunction exists in the patients with HCM even though traditional measures of systolic dysfunction are normal. So, we...