Jutta WeberPaderborn University | UPB · Department of Media Studies
Jutta Weber
Prof. Dr.
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133
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March 2016 - May 2016
August 2015 - September 2015
Publications
Publications (133)
The ‘Disposition Matrix’ is the central kill/capture list and database of the US government Together with drones and special forces it is a key device in the US war on terror in which targeting individuals has become increasingly institutionalized. To counterbalance the secrecy around and the limited knowledge of these security practices, I want to...
INTRODUCTION taking responsibility for the social relations of science and technology means refusing an anti-science metaphysics, a demonology of technology, and so means embracing the skillful task of reconstructing the boundaries of daily life … It is not just that science and technology are possible means of great human satisfaction, as well as...
This chapter outlines the development of a new technoscientific
rationality
in cybernetics
, artificial life
and especially new robotics
. It questions the naïve assumption of some technoscientists but also social scientists and scholars from the humanities that this might be a more complex and inclusive technoscientific rationality beyond the old...
AI-based, autonomous weapon systems (AWS) have the potential of weapons of mass destruction and thereby massively add to the intensifying dialectic of fear between ground and space and the pervasive mass human vulnerability of being tracked and targeted from above. Nevertheless, the dangerous effects of the proliferation of AWS have not been and st...
Wie verändern sich gesellschaftliche Praktiken und die Chancen demokratischer Technikgestaltung, wenn neben Bürger*innen und Öffentlichkeit auch Roboter, Algorithmen, Simulationen oder selbstlernende Systeme einbezogen und als Beteiligte ernstgenommen werden? Die Beiträger*innen des Bandes untersuchen die Neukonfiguration von Verantwortung und Kont...
Wie verändern sich gesellschaftliche Praktiken und die Chancen demokratischer Technikgestaltung, wenn neben Bürger*innen und Öffentlichkeit auch Roboter, Algorithmen, Simulationen oder selbstlernende Systeme einbezogen und als Beteiligte ernstgenommen werden? Die Beiträger*innen des Bandes untersuchen die Neukonfiguration von Verantwortung und Kont...
Verkehr ist Kultur. Er bestimmt darüber, was sich wo und auf welchen Wegen befindet, wer aufeinandertrifft und wer nicht - er bildet die Grundlage der Netzwerke, die Menschen und Dinge miteinander eingehen. Mit der Automatisierung des Verkehrs, der Etablierung von Fahrassistenzsystemen und der Entwicklung selbstfahrender Autos stehen nicht nur die...
This chapter offers a critical discussion of the epistemological and ontological foundations of AI by revisiting the historical development from symbolic via connectionist to data-driven approaches of AI. We, thereby, want to lay the analytical groundwork for critically engaging with AI. In order to do so, we sketch the sociopolitical context withi...
Die meisten von uns sind – gewollt oder ungewollt – während der Pandemie Zoomer:innen geworden. Videokonferenzen wurden für viele das ‚New Normal‘. Was passiert mit den Aufnahmen der Bilder, Stimmen, Videos, die Zoom von und mit uns produziert? Mit den Chatverläufen, die alternativ genutzt werden, wenn die Bilder oder Stimmen mal wieder wackeln? We...
Over the past years, “swarm intelligence” has become a significant factor in the development of autonomous weapons systems throughout the world. Since at least the early 21st century, the “swarming” of teleoperated drones has already played an important role in military contexts. Today military and military-related research institutions and univers...
‚Schwarmintelligenz‘ gilt seit einigen Jahren weltweit als wichtiger Faktor bei der Entwicklung von autonomen Waffensystemen. Bereits das ‚Swarming‘ von teleoperierten Drohnen spielt spätestens seit Beginn des 21. Jahrhunderts in militärischen Kontexten eine wichtige Rolle. Heute arbeiten militärische und militärnahe Forschungsstätten und Universit...
In the age of technoscience, science and technology have indiscriminately fused. The dominant narrative is no longer the one of knowledge and progress but rather of application and innovation. This transformation needs to be taken into account when studying security and surveillance architectures in contemporary (post-)democracies. In this chapter,...
The disclosure of mass surveillance by data analyst Edward Snowden in 2013 could have served as a starting point to open a broader debate on the nexus of society and technology, especially since Snowden revealed the degree to which state agencies tapped into the constant data streams within the private sector. The possibilities of ubiquitous digita...
This handbook provides an overview of approaches to, and methods and topics on a historical anthropology of technology. This includes basic concepts, the variety of human technical concepts, technicised practices and the technicisation of senses and skills. Furthermore, it presents important representatives of an anthropology of technology since th...
This handbook provides an overview of approaches to, and methods and topics on a historical anthropology of technology. This includes basic concepts, the variety of human technical concepts, technicised practices and the technicisation of senses and skills. Furthermore, it presents important representatives of an anthropology of technology since th...
This handbook provides an overview of approaches to, and methods and topics on a historical anthropology of technology. This includes basic concepts, the variety of human technical concepts, technicised practices and the technicisation of senses and skills. Furthermore, it presents important representatives of an anthropology of technology since th...
Nicht weniger als von einer Revolution ist gegenwärtig die Rede. Neuere Verfahren der Künstlichen Intelligenz greifen in sämtliche Bereiche des sozialen und kulturellen Lebens ein: Maschinen lernen Bilder und Sprache zu erkennen, beherrschen die autonome Steuerung von Fahrzeugen ebenso wie Finanzinvestments und medizinische Diagnostik. Im digitalen...
Die Möglichkeit, riesige Datenmengen zu sammeln, zu durchsuchen und neue Querbezüge herstellen zu können, wird von staatlichen Behörden genauso wie von Konzernen (Google, Facebook, Twitter u. v. a.) genutzt – u. a. um neue Informationen, Märkte, Bedürfnisse zu entdecken oder gar Entscheidungshilfen zu gewinnen oder Entwicklungen vorherzusagen zu kö...
This introduction to the special issue of the same title sets out the context for a critical examination of contemporary developments in sociotechnical systems deployed in the name of security. Our focus is on technologies of tracking, with their claims to enable the identification of those who comprise legitimate targets for the use of violent for...
The multifaceted work of the late Susan Leigh Star is explored through a selection of her writings and essays by friends and colleagues.
Susan Leigh Star (1954–2010) was one of the most influential science studies scholars of the last several decades. In her work, Star highlighted the messy practices of discovering science, asking hard questions ab...
We are responsible for the world of which we are a part, not because it is an arbitrary construction of our choosing but because reality is sedimented out of particular practices that we have a role in shaping and through which we are shaped. Karen Barad, Meeting the Universe Halfway [R]esearch and development in automation are advancing from a sta...
Welche Konsequenzen hat die Schaffung künstlicher Intelligenz und genetisch manipulierten Lebens für das Verhältnis von Natur und Kultur? Die Forschungspraxis der Technik- und Lebenswissenschaften zieht tief greifende Veränderungen basaler Konzepte nach sich - insbesondere das interdependente Verhältnis von Natur und Kultur ist gekennzeichnet von e...
»Technoscience is culture!« So lässt sich das Motto der »Cultural Studies of Technoscience« umschreiben. Sie analysieren die Diskurse und Praxen unserer Technowissenschaftskultur – eine Kultur, in der Mensch und Natur auf neue Weise definiert werden. In dieser Kultur ändern sich nicht zuletzt durch die Technowissenschaften Bedeutungen und Machtstru...
‚Wer über Gesellschaft im 21. Jahrhundert spricht, darf über die Technoscience nicht schweigen‘. So könnte man das Credo von Donna Haraways Theorie – in der Variation eines Diktums von Max Horkheimer – pointiert zusammenfassen. Mit ihrem 1985 erschienen Cyborg-Manifesto hat Haraway den radikalen Entwurf einer Erkenntnis- und Gesellschaftstheorie un...
The aim of this paper is to strengthen arguments against the increasing automation of weapon systems, by expanding the frame or unit of analysis that informs these debates. We begin by tracing the genealogy of concepts of autonomy within the philosophical traditions that inform Artificial Intelligence (AI), with a focus on the history of early cybe...
The modeling of human-machine interaction has an enormous impact on the shaping not only of everyday life but also of our relation to technology. Surprisingly, human-machine models are still a widely underdeveloped subject not only in science and technology studies, technology assessment but also robotics and computer science. In this paper, recent...
Mit Technik schließen wir uns die Welt auf. Sie bestimmt wesentlich unser Wirklichkeitsverständnis. Der Weltzugang und das Wirklichkeitsverständnis einer Epoche gestalten sich je nach dominanter Wissenskultur und technischer Rationalität auf sehr unterschiedliche Weise. Die Grundlagen für unsere heutige Wissenskultur bildeten sich entscheidend in d...
Die Zeit antagonistischer Wissenschaftskulturen scheint vorüber: Begriffe, Modelle und Objekte wandern zwischen den Geistes-, Sozial- und Technowissenschaften. Dabei entstehen neue und intensive Verflechtungen. So werden ehemals kritische Konzepte des vermeintlich Nicht-Technischen in den Technowissenschaften aufgegriffen, während biokybernetische...
THE INCREASING MARKET ORIENTATION of universities and other research institutions, the worldwide competition for key technologies, as well as the race for research funding and public attention are changing not only the relation between mass media and technosciences but also research strategies and paradigms of the technosciences themselves. In this...
Die Zeit antagonistischer Wissenschaftskulturen scheint vorüber: Begriffe, Modelle und Objekte wandern zwischen den Geistes-, Sozial- und Technowissenschaften. Dabei entstehen neue und intensive Verflechtungen. So werden ehemals kritische Konzepte des vermeintlich Nicht-Technischen in den Technowissenschaften aufgegriffen, während biokybernetische...
This paper outlines some of the new epistemological and ontological assumptions of contemporary technoscience thereby reframing the question of an epochal break. Important aspects are the question of a new techno-rationality, but also the constitution of a 'New World Order Inc.', with its new 'politics of life itself', the reconfiguration of catego...
When Afghanistan refugees pass the mountainous border to Pakistan they get their irises scanned by UN officials. Asylum seekers
in Europe mutilate the tips of their fingers for not being identified via the Eurodac, a database of the fingerprints of all
asylum seekers of the EU. More and more European countries introduce passports with RFID chips co...
In the 21st century, militaries are not competing for military dominance through specific superior weapon systems alone but also through networking these systems via information and communication technologies. The 'Revolution in Military Affairs' (RMA) relies on network centric warfare, 'precision' weaponry and 'intelligent' systems such as uninhab...
Killing with robots is no more a future scenario but became a reality in the first decade of the 21st century. The U.S. and Israel forces are using uninhabited combat aerial vehicles (UCAVs) in their so-called wars on terror, especially for targeted killing missions in Iraq, Pakistan, Afghanistan as well as in Lebanon and the Palestinian occupied t...
http://epub.oeaw.ac.at/ita/ita-newsletter/NL0309.pdf#11
There are only a few ethical regulations that deal explicitly with robots, in contrast to a vast number of regulations, which
may be applied. We will focus on ethical issues with regard to “responsibility and autonomous robots”, “machines as a replacement
for humans”, and “tele-presence”. Furthermore we will examine examples from special fields of...
This book supports and deepens the existing interfaces between art, science, and technology - transgressing traditional principles and styles of research, and selectively overcoming the side-by-side coexistence in favour of an integrated »laboratory of the future«. Instead of relying on traditional dualisms like nature-culture, subject-object, as w...
Over the past years we can observe profound reconfigurations of the boundaries between human beings and machines in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and computer science. Particularly software agents and robots attest to an ongoing paradigm shift from machine-oriented concepts, algorithms and automats towards ‘interaction’ (see Wegner 1997...
Is an autonomous robot, designed to communicate and take decisions in a human way, still a machine? On which concepts, ideas and values is the design of such machines to be based? How do they relate back to our everyday life? And finally, in how far are social demands the guideline for the development of such innovative technologies. Using the form...
Is an autonomous robot, designed to communicate and take decisions in a human way, still a machine? On which concepts, ideas and values is the design of such machines to be based? How do they relate back to our everyday life? And finally, in how far are social demands the guideline for the development of such innovative technologies. Using the form...
A multitude of techno-natures emerge through discourses and practices of the new technosciences. While some philosophers and science studies scholars argue that model organisms and artefacts are getting more and more disembodied and decontextualised in the laboratory, I want to show how ontic dimensions of model organisms and artefacts are made inv...
