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January 2006 - June 2015
Publications
Publications (929)
Air pollution in Chinese megacities by particulate matter and ozone is a major health problem originating partly from emissions of nitrogen oxides. Therefore, there is a need for advanced methods to remove nitrogen oxides, such as photocalalysis using polymeric carbon nitride, yet this process is limited by low visible-light absorption and specific...
To reduce the adverse effects of traditional domestic solid fuel, the central government began implementing a clean heating policy in northern China in 2017. Clean coal is an alternative low-cost fuel for rural households at the present stage. In this study, 18 households that used lump coal, biomass, and clean coal as the main fuel were selected t...
The interaction of aerosols and the planetary boundary layer (PBL) plays an important role in deteriorating urban air quality. Aerosols from different sources may have different effects on regulating PBL structures owing to their distinctive
dominant compositions and vertical distributions. To characterize the complex
feedback of aerosols on PBL ov...
Understanding bacteria inactivation mechanisms of nanomaterials on the surface molecular level is of prime importance for the development of antibacterial materials and their application in restraining the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms. This study prepared an oxygen vacancy-mediated bactericidal nanocatalyst α-MoO3 which exhibited excel...
In order to investigate the variations of PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) chemical components responding to the pollution control strategy and their effect on light extinction (bext) in the Guanzhong Plain (GZP), the comparisons of urban atmospheric chemical components during the heating seasons were extensi...
Nitroaromatic compounds (NACs) are essential components of atmospheric organic aerosols. Coal combustion is a key source of atmospheric NACs. In this study, a triple-quadrupole liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) system was used to identify ten individual NAC emitted in combustions of chunk coal and its briquette at different maturity l...
This study examined volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from the combustion of seven typical biomass fuel types in a traditional stove, elevated kang, and biomass furnace and from the combustion of three types of coal in coal furnaces. The results revealed that emission factors (EFs) of VOCs emitted from combustion processes ranged from 48.8...
To better respond to heavy air pollution, the local government of Baoji City, a traditionally industry dominated city in northwest China, released several warning levels between December 2019 and January 2020. The system aims to provide a more efficient control of pollution sources. In this study, a high-time resolution measurement of PM2.5-bound e...
The fluorescent dye 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) has been widely used to stain microorganisms in various environment media. We applied DAPI fluorescence enumeration to airborne microorganisms and found that non-biological particles, including organic compounds, minerals, and soot, were also visible upon exposure to UV excitation under fluor...
PM2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) is a well-known cytotoxic pollutant that capable to induce severe intracellular oxidative stress while the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Herein, 4 types of PM2.5 derived from solid fuel burning were selected as stimuli in A549 cells exposure model to evaluate their effects on oxi...
This study firstly revealed that toluene oxidation activity can be considerably improved by cationic defects rather than oxygen defects over nano-structured CoMnO x .
Traditional animal dung fuel use is a prominent source of brown carbon (BrC) in the Tibetan Plateau (TPL) region. Changes in burning conditions, fuel types, and uses of dung fuels in Plateau areas can lead to considerable uncertainties about molecular absorption properties and their radiative forcing influence on BrC. Here, the constituents of BrC’...
The unique geographical location of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) plays an important role in regulating global climate change, but the impacts of the chemical components and atmospheric processing on the size distribution and mixing state of individual particles are rarely explored in the southeastern margin of the TP, which is a transport channel for p...
Improved knowledge of glacial-to-interglacial global temperature change implies that fast-feedback equilibrium climate sensitivity is at least ~4°C for doubled CO2 (2xCO2), with likely range 3.5-5.5°C. Greenhouse gas (GHG) climate forcing is 4.1 W/m2 larger in 2021 than in 1750, equivalent to 2xCO2 forcing. Global warming in the pipeline is greater...
To more accurately assess the health risk of heavy metals (HMs) from PM2.5 re-suspended fugitive dust (RFD2.5), it is necessary to understand the main source of health risk from different types of RFD2.5. For this purpose, the HMs (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) in five types of RFD2.5 from the Wuhan metropolitan area, which was prepared wi...
PM2.5 (particulate matters with diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) from biomass fuel combustion has been identified as a major cause of cardiopulmonary diseases. Briquette and charcoal are two representative processed fuels that exhibit different emission characteristics. This study compared three types of biomass fuels (maize straw, wheat straw, and wood branches...
Brown carbon (BrC) constitutes a large fraction of organic carbon
and exhibits strong light absorption properties, thus affecting the global
radiation budget. In this study, we investigated the light absorption
properties, chemical functional bonds, and sources of BrC in six megacities
in China, namely Beijing, Harbin, Xi'an, Chengdu, Guangzhou, an...
Brown carbon (BrC) is a light-absorbing aerosol component that has a significant impact on atmospheric photochemistry and climate effects. Many studies on light absorbing characteristics of BrC (such as a fraction of water-soluble and/or water-insoluble) have been carried out in cities over the Guanzhong Basin, including radiative forcing, optical...
Dicarboxylic acids are strong hygroscopic organic compounds in the atmosphere, and thus significantly affect the cloud formation process and radiative forcing on a regional scale. So far, the evolution of dicarboxylic acids during vertical transport from the surface to the mountaintop has yet to be explicitly understood. In this study, the molecula...
The drastic household clean heating renovation has been undertaken in rural northern China since 2017. A method incorporating the deposition efficiency of particulate matters (PMs) in the human respiratory tract is firstly introduced into the personal exposure (PE) study which is more accurately assess the health risks of homemakers inhaling PM-bou...
Brown carbon (BrC) in the atmosphere can greatly influence aerosol’s radiative forcing over the Tibetan Plateau (TP), because it has the non-negligible capacity of light absorption as well as black carbon (BC); however, our understanding of optical properties, sources, atmospheric processes of BrC in this region remains limited. In this study, a mu...
Few studies have been conducted on the potential sources and fate of PAH congeners in tropical lake environments. The vertical distribution of 15 PAH congeners in sediments of Songkhla Lake (SKL) and Nong Han Kumphawapi Lake (NHL) were chemically characterised and statistically investigated. The ΣPAH concentrations observed in SKL and NHL sediments...
Residential solid fuel combustion (RSFC) is an important source of PM2.5. Here we investigate the cytotoxicity of primarily emitted and photochemically aged PM2.5 to A549 cells. Owing to the formation of water-soluble ions and organics (e.g., oPAHs and nPAHs), emission factors of PM2.5 were increased by 44.4% on average after 7-day equivalent photo...
Water-soluble iron (ws-Fe) in PM2.5 plays a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles and atmospheric chemical processes. The anthropogenic sources of ws-Fe have attracted considerable attention owing to its high solubility. However, few studies have investigated the content of PM2.5 ws-Fe in the urban environment. In the present study, we characterize...
Solid fuel combustion for domestic heating in northern China in the wintertime is of great environmental and health concern. This study assesses personal exposure to particulate matter with different aerodynamic diameters and multiple gaseous pollutants from 123 rural residents in Yuncheng, the Fenwei Plain. The subjects are divided into groups bas...
Black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) are major light absorbing components of aerosol, affecting visibility, radiative forcing balance and human health. In this study, we investigated the light absorption and radiative forcing of carbonaceous aerosol in the total suspended particle (TSP), coarse particle (PM10: particulate matter with an aerodyn...
Black carbon (BC) is one of the most important short-lived climate forcers, and atmospheric motions play an important role in
determining its mass concentrations of pollutants. Here an intensive
observation was launched in a typical river-valley city to investigate
relationships between atmospheric motions and BC aerosols. Equivalent BC
(eBC) sourc...
Brown carbon (BrC) constitutes a large fraction of organic carbon and exhibits strong light absorption properties, thus affecting the global radiation budget. In this study, we investigated the light absorption properties, chemical functional bonds, and sources of BrC in six megacities in China, namely Beijing, Harbin, Xi’an, Chengdu, Guangzhou, an...
Humic-like substances (HULIS) accounted for a great fraction of water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) in PM2.5, which efficiently absorb ultraviolet (UV) radiation and pose climate and health impacts. In this study, the molecular structure, optical properties, and oxidative potential (OP) of acid- and neutral-HULIS (denoted as HULIS-a, and HULIS-n, r...
Atmospheric humidity has been shown to promote haze formation, but it remains unclear why the air is humid during heavy haze days in winter. Here we combine water vapor isotope measurements with WRF-Chem simulations to elucidate increasing humidity with aggravation of haze during wintertime in urban Beijing. The vapor isotopic analysis in Beijing s...
Traffic contributes to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the atmosphere through engine exhaust emissions and road dust generation. However, the evolution of traffic related PM2.5 emission over recent years remains unclear, especially when various efforts to reduce emission e.g., aftertreatment technologies and high emission standards from China IV...
Coal combustion emits large amounts of PM2.5 (particulate matter with a diameter of ≤ 2.5 μm), and the emissions from different coal types differ. Clean fuels are essential in reducing PM2.5 emissions and their respiratory effects on human. This study compared PM2.5 emissions and their chemical components from four types of coal (i.e., bituminous r...
Air pollution is serious during autumn in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region, but there are few studies that have utilized real-time observations and source apportionment of the autumn submicron aerosols in this region. In this study, a quadrupole aerosol chemical speciation monitor (Q-ACSM) was deployed for the real-time measurement of the non...
This research precisely controlled the thickness of Co3O4 nanosheets to investigate the effect of active sites exposure on the reaction path of HCHO catalytic oxidation. X-ray absorption fine structure demonstrates that ultrathin Co3O4 nanosheets (Co3O4-2) with atomic layer thickness (~2 nm) exhibit stronger lattice disorder than Co3O4 nanosheets w...
Since the first standard available 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH)-coated solid sorbents in the determination of carbonyls in the 1990s, studies of the ultrafast chemoselective reactions that form stable Schiff bases (C = N) in catalytic processes that remove airborne carbonyls have been scarce. Here, amine-functionalised MnO 2 is engineered with...
Evidence of the respiratory effects of ambient organic aerosols (e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs) among patients with chronic diseases is limited. We aimed to assess whether exposure to ambient particle-bound PAHs could worsen small airway functions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and elucidate the underly...
Atmospheric PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and their derivatives are a global concern that influences environments and threatens human health. Concentrations of 52 PAHs and the main derivatives in six Chinese megacities were measured in the winter of 2019. The concentrations of ∑PAHs (sum of 52 PAHs) ranged from 19.42 ± 7.68 to 65.40 ± 29....
In this study, reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated antibacterial activity with high efficiency in the dark was achieved by modulating the active sites of MIL-101(Fe) nanoparticles. The ROS production over x-MIL-101(Fe) nanoparticles was intensively enhanced by tuning the unsaturated iron sites (FeII/FeIII, the ratio was marked as x%). Electron p...
Emissions from animal dung burning in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP) influenced heavily on the regional and global climate and environment, from which the emission inventory of multiple pollutants is not yet available. This study developed a county-level emission inventory of particles and gases pollution based on field measured emission factors...
Previous studies have determined biomass burning as a major source of air pollutants in the ambient air in Thailand. To analyse the impacts of meteorological parameters on the variation of carbonaceous aerosols and water-soluble ionic species (WSIS), numerous statistical models, including a source apportionment analysis with the assistance of princ...
Due to the complexity of emission sources, a better understanding of aerosol optical properties is required to mitigate climate change in China. Here, an intensive real-time measurement campaign was conducted in an urban area of China before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in order to explore the impacts of anthropogenic activities on aerosol ligh...
To evaluate the effectiveness of air pollution control policies, trend analysis of the air pollutants is often performed. However, trend analysis of air pollutants over multiple years is complicated by the fact that changes in meteorology over time can also affect the levels of air pollutants in addition to changes in emissions or atmospheric chemi...
Biomass burning (BB) is a significant source of dicarboxylic acids (diacids) and related compounds that play important roles in atmospheric chemistry and climate change. In this study, a combustion chamber and oxidation flow reactor were used to generate fresh and aged aerosols from burned rice, maize and wheat straw to investigate atmospheric agin...
Terrestrial ecosystems in China receive the world’s largest amount of reactive nitrogen (N) deposition. Recent controls on nitrogen oxides (NO x = NO + NO 2 ) emissions in China to tackle air pollution are expected to decrease N deposition, yet the observed N deposition fluxes remain almost stagnant. Here we show that the effectiveness of NO x emis...
Industrial emission has been proved to be an important source of atmospheric PM2.5, which causes serious air pollution and health impacts. The air quality of the industrial zones, which are the intermediate stationary areas between the direct emissions and diffusion to the atmosphere, is always overlooked. In this study, the PM2.5 filter samples we...
Various reaction mechanisms for the catalytic degradation of formaldehyde (HCHO) remain to be debated. Density functional theory (DFT) was applied to investigate whether the catalytic oxidation of HCHO on pristine Co3O4 (110) surface follows the Mars-van Krevelen (MvK) mechanism or the Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L-H) mechanism. Firstly, HCHO and O2 co-a...
To investigate impact factors and source area of secondary organic aerosols in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, a world-class urban agglomeration in China, long-term measurements of organic carbon (OC) and elementary carbon (EC) in particulate matter of less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) with hourly time resolution were conducted at a regional site in S...
To evaluate the influence of geological maturity on coal combustion pollutant emissions, six chunk coals and corresponding briquettes (volatile matter [VM] content from 8.0% to 39.9%) were selected for simulated residential combustion in a carefully designed chamber, and the formation mechanism involved was investigated. VM was revealed to have a n...
To acquire the seasonal variation of black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) light absorption (Abs), PM2.5 samples were obtained over an entire year of 2018 and analyzed for chemical composition and wavelength-dependent light absorption. Contributions of AbsBC and AbsBrC, the absorption Ångström exponent (AAE) and mass absorption cross section (MA...
A vehicular emission study was conducted in the longest inner-city tunnel in Xi'an, northwestern China in four time periods (I: 07:30–10:30, II: 11:00–14:00, III: 16:30–19:30, and IV: 20:00–23:00 LST). A sum of 40 PAHs, including parent (p-PAHs), alkylated (a-PAHs), and oxygenated (o-PAHs) in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were quantified. The rel...
Bioaerosols have become a major environmental concern in recent years. In this study, the diurnal variations and size distributions of bioaerosols, as well as airborne bacterial community compositions and their influencing factors on haze and non-haze days in Xi'an, China, were compared. The results indicated that the mean bacteria and fungi concen...
Biomass and coal combustion are major sources of water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) in PM2.5. This study investigated the carbon content, light absorption capacity, molecular structures, and oxidative activity of three types of WSOM (neutral humic-like substances (HULIS-n), acidic HULIS (HULIS-a), and high-polarity WSOM (HP-WSOM)) produced from bi...
Over the past few years, burning agricultural or crop residues has resulted in serious air pollution, particularly in northern Thailand. In this study, constant endeavours were made to achieve the first-hand emission factors (EFs) of water-soluble ionic species (WSIS), organic carbon, elemental carbon, and selected metals emitted from the combustio...
A single particle aerosol mass spectrometer was deployed in a heavily polluted area of China during a coronavirus lockdown to explore the impact of reduced anthropogenic emissions on the chemical composition, size distributions, mixing state, and secondary formation of urban aerosols. Ten particle groups were identified using an adaptive resonance...
Solar‐driven CO2 methanation with water is an important route to simultaneously address carbon neutrality and produce fuels. It is challenging to achieve high selectivity in CO2 methanation due to competing reactions. Nonetheless, aspects of the catalyst design can be controlled with meaningful effects on the catalytic outcomes. We report highly se...
In this study, the characteristics and formation mechanism of summertime isoprene, monoterpene, and toluene-derived secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) were investigated in a rural area of Guanzhong Plain, Northwest China. The variations in key indicators of primary sources indicated a significant influence of biomass burning on PM2.5 during the obse...
Black carbon (BC) has a strong light absorption ability and is known as the second strongest light-absorbing substance in the atmosphere after CO2. Atmospheric motion plays an important role in the ambient mass concentrations of pollutants. The relationship between atmospheric motion and BC aerosols is complex, and detailed investigation of the imp...
Coal is a dominant energy source used in household cooking and warming in rural China. Its combustions generate a large quantity of gaseous and particulate phase's pollutants. In between, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is a critical class of chemical that shows strong environmental and health impacts. In this study, the VOC emission characte...
Solar‐driven CO2 methanation with water is an important route to simultaneously address carbon neutrality and produce fuels. It is challenging to achieve high selectivity in CO2 methanation due to competing reactions. Nonetheless, aspects of the catalyst design can be controlled with meaningful effects on the catalytic outcomes. We report highly se...
Organic aerosols (OAs) in particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) can affect the atmospheric radiation balance through varying molecular structure and light absorption of the aerosols. In this study, daytime and nighttime PM2.5 mass, and contents of OA including nitrated aromatic compounds (NACs), polycyclic a...
Tire and road wear microplastics (TRWMPs) in road dust are a key source of atmospheric particulate matter and have an adverse impact on human health and the environment. In this study, samples of particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 μm or less (PM2.5) in road dust were collected from eight megacities in China to determine the TRWMP content, in...
The implementation of air pollution control measures could alter the compositions of submicron aerosols. Identifying the changes can evaluate the atmospheric responses of the implemented control measures and provide more scientific basis for the formulation of new measures. The Fen-Wei River Basin is the most air polluted region in China, and there...
Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤1 μm (PM1) in the atmosphere, especially that which is emitted from anthropogenic sources, can induce considerable negative effects on the cardiopulmonary system. To investigate the chemical emission characteristics and organic sources in Yuen Long (Hong Kong), both offline and online approaches for PM...
Biomass burning (BB) is a significant source for dicarboxylic acids (diacids) and related compounds that play important roles in atmospheric chemistry and climate change. In this study, a combustion chamber and oxidation flow reactor were used to generate fresh and aged aerosols from burned rice, maize, and wheat straw to investigate atmospheric ag...
Residential coal combustion is a prominent source of brown carbon (BrC) aerosols, but knowledge of their molecular structures and optical absorption were limited, which have notable used in ambient BrC source identification and radiative forcing calculation. In this study, the Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry combined wit...
To understand the conversion mechanism of photocatalytic gaseous formaldehyde (HCHO) degradation, strontium (Sr)-doped TiO 2-x-OV catalysts was designed and synthesized in this study, with comparable HCHO removal performance. Our results proved that foreign-element doping reduced Ti 4+ to the lower oxidation state Ti (4-x)+ , and that the internal...
Aim
The precise pathophysiologic pathway linking traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) to diabetes mellitus is not well elucidated. We aimed to investigate whether activation of vascular inflammation can be a mechanistic linkage between ambient TRAP and insulin resistance.
Methods
Study outcomes were determined by assessing a series of circulating...
To mitigate climate change in China, a better understanding of optical properties of aerosol is required due to the complexity in emission sources. Here, an intensive real-time measurement was conducted in an urban area of China before and during the lockdown of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), to explore the impacts of anthropogenic activities...