Jun ho Lee

• Professor at Hallym University Medical Center

Recently, textile-based pressure sensors have gained considerable interest in the field of wearable electronics due to their wide range of applicability and good scalability. Despite recent progress, however, urgent challenges remain to develop a fully integrated textile sensor array with highly sensitive multi-sensing capability and low-power cons...

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and outcomes of early surgical ligation in preterm neonates with hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (HSPDA) and to investigate predictors for surgical treatment after unsuccessful medical management. Methods: Medical records from the neonatal intensive care unit...

BACKGROUND Underuse of hearing aids is caused by several factors, including the stigma associated with hearing disability, affordability, and lack of awareness of rising hearing impairment associated with the growing population. Thus, there is a significant opportunity for the development of direct-to-consumer devices. For the past few years, smart...

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as an alternative option for treating tinnitus. rTMS is a noninvasive method in which repetitive magnetic stimulation is applied to the cortex; it is considered a therapeutic strategy that modulates the loudness of tinnitus. In this study, we performed a double-blind randomized c...

Thermal imaging in the long-wavelength infrared (8‒12 μm) range is blooming in diverse civilian sectors. In order to meet requirements specific to these new applications, lens assembly should be advanced in terms of performance enhancement and size miniaturization as well as cost reduction. Unlike its crystalline counterparts, chalcogenide glass is...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the status of early hearing detection and intervention after newborn hearing screening (NHS) in South Korea. A retrospective review of Korean national health insurance service data of all infants receiving the 4-month old national infant health checkup between 2010 and 2016 from a nationwide population-based da...

In an effort to augment thermal and mechanical properties of ternary Ge-Sb-Se glass for use in molded lens applications, mixed-chalcogen Ge27.5Sb12.5SxSe60-x glasses have been investigated in this study with a particular attention paid to refractive index dispersion as well as infrared transmission edge. Changes in Vickers hardness, glass transitio...

Background As both the role and clinical application of adjuvant chemotherapy (CTx) for pT3N0M0 gastric cancer after curative gastrectomy have fluctuated chronologically, the oncological benefit of adjuvant CTx in patients should be elucidated.Methods Between 2000 and 2018, 1083 patients underwent radical gastrectomy for pT3N0M0 gastric cancer and...

Background Limited information is available regarding which of the commonly used cognitive reserve (CR) proxies are more appropriate to precisely reflect moderation effect for the relationship between a specific Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology and cognitive decline. We examined the moderating effects of the frequently used four CR proxies [ i ....

Background: To clarify whether atherosclerosis of the carotid and intracranial arteries is related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in vivo, we investigated the associations of carotid and intracranial artery stenosis with cerebral beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and neurodegeneration in middle- and old-aged individuals. Given different variatio...

Background The degree of alpha attenuation from eyes-closed (EC) to eyes-open (EO) has been suggested as a neural marker of cognitive health, and its disruption has been reported in patients with clinically defined Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia. Objective We tested if EC-to-EO alpha reactivity was related to cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition...

Routine application of next-generation sequencing in clinical settings is often limited by time- and cost-prohibitive complex filtering steps. Despite the previously introduced genotyping kit that allows screening of the 11 major recurring variants of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) genes in the Korean population, the demand for phenotype- and va...

Objectives: Recent studies have shown that cochlear duct length (CDL) varies among individuals and could significantly influence the final position of the electrode and its trajectory in the cochlea. Given this, we hypothesized that the degree of modiolar proximity of novel slim modiolar electrodes, such as CI532 and CI632, can also be affected by...

Background High recurrence and chemoresistance drive the high mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although cancer stem cells are considered to be the source of recurrent and chemoresistant tumors, they remain poorly defined in HCC. Tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP) is elevated in almost all HCC tumors and associated wit...

LMX1A, encoding the LIM homeobox transcription factor, is essential for inner ear development. Despite previous reports of three human LMX1A variants with nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL) in the literature, functional characterization of these variants has never been performed. Encouraged by identification of a de novo, heterozygous, missense varia...

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of tinnitus among adolescents, and the factors known or hypothesized to be associated with tinnitus. Based on random sampling of school types and regions, a nationwide hearing survey of the first-year middle and high school students of South Korea was performed. The subjects underwent an otolo...

Objectives To investigate the relationships of serum albumin with in vivo Alzheimer disease (AD) pathologies, including cerebral β-amyloid (Aβ) protein deposition, neurodegeneration of AD-signature regions, and cerebral white matter hyperintensities (WMH), in the human brain. Methods A total of 396 older adults without dementia underwent comprehen...

The aim of this study was to estimate the total number and rate of chronic otitis media (COM) operations and cholesteatoma surgeries in South Korea, using a nationwide survey which analysed a 13-year trend (2006–2018). This study also analysed the trend of COM operations and cholesteatoma surgeries according to year, sex, and age using a nationwide...

Background/aim: A three-dimensional (3D) printed tracheostomy tube has potential application for patients who require a specialized tube. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of various 3D printing materials and determine their use in producing 3D-printed tracheostomy tube. Materials and methods: Mechanical, chemical, and mi...

Objective To compare the effect of injection time intervals of intratympanic (IT) dexamethasone (DEX) in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL). Methods Seventy-five adults with ISSNHL were grouped into four groups according to the IT DEX interval. In addition to concurrent oral steroid medication for two weeks, patien...

Objective To assess the predictive ability of regional volume information provided by fully automated brain segmentation software for cerebral amyloid positivity in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods This study included 130 subjects with amnestic MCI who participated in the Korean brain aging study of early diagnosis and prediction of Alzhei...

Background and purpose This study evaluated the clinical significance of preoperative sarcopenia according to adjuvant concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (XP-RT) or chemotherapy alone (XP) in the D2 dissected gastric cancer patient cohort of the ARTIST trial. Materials and methods Skeletal muscles at the L3 vertebra level from preoperative computed tom...

Particulate matter (PM), a primary component of air pollution, is a suspected risk factor for the development of otitis media (OM). However, the results of studies on the potential correlation between an increase in the concentration of PM and risk of developing OM are inconsistent. To better characterize this potential association, a meta-analysis...

Objective: We aimed to compare cerebral beta-amyloid protein (Aβ) positivity rate and amyloid accumulation pattern on amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subtypes, i.e. amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and non-amnestic mild cognitive impairment (naMCI). Methods: The study participants were...

Background Despite known associations of lower serum uric acid (UA) with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia or AD-related cognitive impairment, little is known regarding the underlying patho-mechanisms. We aimed to examine the relationships of serum UA with in vivo AD pathologies including cerebral beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau deposition, AD-signature...

Background Multiparity – grand multiparity (i.e., five or more childbirths) in particular – has been reported to have an association with increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia or related cognitive decline in women. However, the pathological links underlying this relationship are still unknown. This study was conducted to examine the r...

Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells that link the innate and adaptive immune responses; as such they play pivotal roles in initiation and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we report that the tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP or NFAT5), a Rel family protein involved in the pathogenesis of autoim...

Prophylactic placement of mesh in the abdominal wall during ileostomy closure can decrease the rate of hernia formation. However, few studies have evaluated the safety of biologic mesh in ileostomy closure. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the safety of biologic mesh in ileostomy closure, specifically the need to remove the mesh due to in...

We performed experiments to measure a single-phase upward flow in a 5 × 5 rod bundle with spacer grids using a particle image velocimetry, focusing on the crossflow. The Reynolds number based on the hydraulic diameter and the bulk velocity is 10,000. The ratio of pitch between rods and rod diameter is 1.4 and spacer grid is installed periodically....

Background Because there is no well-established postoperative staging system for patients with remnant gastric cancer (RGC), we compared the overall survival of patients categorized with the 8th AJCC TNM staging system. Method A total of 391 patients underwent surgery for RGC at our institution between 1996 and 2019. Among them, 201 patients recei...

As for an optically homogeneous glass with thickness tantamount to a few millimeters, the longer‐wavelength side of its optical transmission window normally takes shape as a result of multiphonon absorption. Mainly due to the complexity inherent in glass structures, a quantitative numerical assessment of vibrational spectrum of a given glass compos...

Through-focus scanning optical microscopy (TSOM) is a model-based optical metrology method that involves the scanning of a target through the focus of an optical microscope. Unlike a conventional optical microscope that directly extracts the diffraction-limited optical information from a single in-focus image, the TSOM method extracts nanometer sca...

Background: A diabetic foot is the most common cause of non-traumatic lower extremity amputations (LEA). The study seeks to assess the risk factors of amputation in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Methods: The study was conducted on 351 patients with DFUs from January 2010 to December 2018. Their demographic characteristics, disease hi...

Background: We introduced a surgical procedure which includes a simple sinusectomy without opening the sinus whilst attempting to minimize the skin incision. Methods: A total of 34 patients with preauricular sinus were treated. In six patients, this technique was performed bilaterally, so a total of 40 ears were enrolled and analyzed for recurre...

Although numerous behavioural measures to estimate listening effort have been developed in recent years using free recall or dual-task paradigms, relatively little is known about physiological measures, such as pupil dilation, in response to cognitively demanding tasks. This study used a repeated-measure experimental design and aimed to investigate...

Background: Patients who achieve a return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) with prolonged cardiac arrest have been recognized to have a poor prognosis. This might lead to reluctance in the provision of post-resuscitation care. Hence, we evaluated the impact of cardiac arrest time on neurologic outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) pat...

Background Although recent studies indicate that the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may differ by both sex and age of BMI measurement, little information is available on sex- or age-specific associations between BMI and AD neuropathologies. Objective To examined whether sex-specific BMIs measured at differe...

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes following postoperative chemotherapy (XP) versus chemoradiotherapy (XP-RT) according to mesenchymal subtype based on RNA sequencing in gastric cancer (GC) in a cohort of the Adjuvant chemoRadioTherapy In Stomach Tumor (ARTIST) trial. Methods: Of the 458 patients enrolled in...

Ternary Ge-Sb-Se glass which is one the prototypical chalcogenide glasses features a quite broad glass forming region mainly covering Se-sufficient compositions. However, as far as moldability issue is concerned, only a limited area belonging to Se-deficient compositions has been verified to be more adequate for use as molded lens transparent up to...

Mimicking human skin sensation such as spontaneous multimodal perception and identification/discrimination of intermixed stimuli is severely hindered by the difficulty of efficient integration of complex cutaneous receptor‐emulating circuitry and the lack of an appropriate protocol to discern the intermixed signals. Here, a highly stretchable cross...

To treat motor and psychiatric disorders, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are used in clinics worldwide. We combined these two types of neuromodulation technique to increase the effective response of a single session of neuromodulation in subjective tinnitus. Eighty tinnitus subjects were s...

Objectives: This retrospective cohort study aimed to analyse the impact of asymptomatic blebs/bullae on the occurrence of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) by monitoring the natural course of contralateral blebs/bullae in patients with ipsilateral pneumothorax. Methods: From January 2003 to December 2017, 1055 patients [age 19.6 ± 3.98 year...

Background We analyzed the feasibility and outcomes of early surgical ligation in very low birth weight infants (VLBWIs) with hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (HSPDA) and investigated predictors for surgical treatment after unsuccessful medical management. Methods Medical records from the neonatal intensive care unit of Hanyang...

This study was conducted to assess the association of the visceral adiposity index (VAI) with insulin resistance and beta cell function in Korean adults with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study was carried out using data from the 2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI-3) and included 4,922 adults, aged...

Background The indications for endoscopic dissection have been expanded to improve the quality of life of patients with early gastric cancer (EGC). This study aimed to develop a nomogram to predict the status of lymph node metastasis with the aim of avoiding unnecessary gastrectomies. Methods We reviewed the clinicopathological data of 10 579 patie...

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and outcomes of early surgical ligation in preterm neonates with hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (HSPDA) and to investigate predictors for surgical treatment after unsuccessful medical management. Methods: Medical records from the neonatal intensive care unit of...

Adult reading tests (ART) have been widely used in both research and clinical settings as a measure of premorbid cognitive abilities or cognitive reserve. However, the neural substrates underlying ART performance are largely unknown. Furthermore, it has not yet been examined whether the neural substrates of ART performance reflect the cortical regi...

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been investigated for use in a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), mostly in the form of nano-sized flakes, due to the abundant active site formation by nanostructuring, surface functionalization, and phase engineering. However, the physical origin of the active HER on TMDs remains to be clarified. Here,...

Background The survival of grossly early gastric cancer-mimicking advanced gastric cancer (EGC-mimicking AGC) patients had not been investigated. We evaluated the prognosis of patients who were diagnosed as early gastric cancer before surgery and advanced gastric cancer after surgery. Methods This retrospective study reviewed 3,592 gastric cancer...

Background An emerging body of literature has indicated that moderate alcohol intake may be protective against Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia. However, little information is available regarding whether moderate alcohol intake is related to reductions in amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, or is protective via amyloid-independent mechanisms in the living...

Background: The big data provided by Health Insurance Review and Assessment (HIRA) contains data from nearly all Korean populations enrolled in the National Health Insurance Service. We aimed to identify the incidence of facial fractures and its trends in Korea using this big data from HIRA. Methods: We used the Korean Standard Classification of...

We evaluated the applicability of the neck and sternal notch (SN) as anatomical landmarks for paediatric chest compression (CC) depth using chest computed tomography. The external anteroposterior diameter (EAPD) of the neck and chest at the SN level, mid-point between two landmarks (mid-landmark), and EAPD of the chest at the lower half of the ster...

Aim: It has been suggested that personality traits, particularly neuroticism and conscientiousness, are risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related cognitive decline. However, the underlying pathological links between personality traits and AD-related cognitive impairments remain unclear. Thus, the present study investigated associations...

Study design: Retrospective design/spine clinic and tertiary referral hospital. Purpose: This study investigated the association between shifted location of center of rotation (COR) and subsequent surgical outcomes and identified radiological parameters that corresponded to COR change after multilevel cervical total disc replacement (MCTDR). Ov...

Background: Percutaneous aspiration with sclerotherapy (PAS) and laparoscopic marsupialization (LM) are minimally invasive treatment modalities for renal cysts. We aimed to compare the efficacy and cost/effectiveness of LM and PAS for the treatment of simple symptomatic renal cysts. Methods: Data were prospectively collected from three health care...

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with an aged population. ARHL is influenced by biological factors such as aging, sex difference, and atherosclerosis. The mechanisms of ARHL caused by atherosclerosis have not been previously determined in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE KO) male mice. To investigate the onse...

Background: Minimally invasive approaches and surgical techniques are becoming increasingly applied to the treatments of various cervical spine disorders recently. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of the muscle and fascia layers as well as the important anatomical contents inside the neck would be crucial for cervical endoscopy surgeon to deter the...

Backgrounds: The most common treatment options for foraminal disc herniation and the resulting cervical spondylotic radiculopathy (CSR) are anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), or laminoforaminotomy, which is accomplished posteriorly. However, these procedures are not without limitations or complications. In this regard, several reports...

Objectives To suggest the most adaptable criteria of age-related hearing loss (ARHL) using prevalence matching with population-based data. Methods We chose 30, 25, 20, and 15 dB as gap ranges of cutoff values of the descending type of hearing loss, between an average of low (500 Hz, 1 kHz) and high (4 kHz, 6 kHz) frequencies. Interaural difference...

This book aims to familiarize readers with the overall scope of endoscopic surgeries for the treatment of various types of spinal disease. State of the art techniques for minimally invasive endoscopic procedures to the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine are precisely described. The coverage includes cutting-edge endoscopic solutions for spinal ca...

The group of KCNQ-encoded voltage-gated potassium (Kv7) channels includes five family members (Kv7.1-7.5). We examined the molecular expression and functional roles of Kv7 channels in corporal smooth muscle (CSM). Isolated rabbit CSM strips were mounted in an organ bath system to characterize Kv7 channels during CSM relaxation. Intracellular Ca2+ l...

Background: Aortic dissection (AD) is one of the most catastrophic diseases and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to investigate the hospital incidence and mortality rates of thoracic AD in Korea using a nationwide database. Methods: We conducted a nationwide population-based study using the health claims...

The inhalation of particulate matter (PM) increases the perineuronal nets (PNNs) in the cerebral cortex; however, little is known about the related molecular changes. We explored how PM exposure impacted cognitive function and the levels of PNN-related genes. BALB/c mice (6-week-old females, n = 32) were exposed to 1–5-μm diesel-extracted particles...

Background: Recently, the role of neural modulation in nonauditory cortices via repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for tinnitus control has been emphasized. It is now more compelling to consider these nonauditory cortices and the whole "tinnitus network" as targets for tinnitus treatment to achieve a better outcome. Objective: W...

Background We first determined the efficacy of lesional injection of tonsil-derived MSCs (mesenchymal stem cells) for the treatment of 5-fluorouracil induced oral mucositis. Methods Oral mucositis was induced in hamsters by administration of 5-fluorouracil (day 0, 2, 4) followed by mechanical trauma (day 1, 2, 4). The experimental groups included...

Background: Very little is known for the direction or causality of the relationship between lifetime sleep experiences and in vivo Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies. This study aimed to examine the relationship between sleep experiences during the young adulthood, midlife, and late-life periods and in vivo cerebral beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition...

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the preoperative and postoperative facial nerve (FN) function in patients with FN schwannoma (FNS) and analyze the duration of preoperative facial palsy according to the preoperative and postoperative facial function. Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 29 pa...

This study was aimed at investigating the effects of placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PL-MSCs) on particulate matter- (PM-) exposed human middle ear epithelial cells (HMEECs). HMEECs were treated with 300 μ g/ml PM for 24 hours. The PL-MSCs were cocultured with PM-treated HMEECs. Cells were harvested on days 0, 1, and 4, and the expression...

Purpose To evaluate a surgical procedure of canal wall-up mastoidectomy without incision of the canal which enables accelerated healing and enhances hearing outcome. Methods A total of 79 patients were enrolled. A canal-incisionless technique was used in 37 patients undergoing canal wall-up/down mastoidectomy (CWU/DM), explo-mastoidectomy, and coc...

In the present study, we consider a new reliable model of the bubble size based on multi-layer artificial neural networks (ANN). A multi-layer ANN is used to establish a function for the bubble size without any assumption on the form. In the training procedure, the proposed ANN is trained using data sets collected from open literature and experimen...

Gatifloxacin is a 4th generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in the clinic to treat ocular infection. One limitation of gatifloxacin is its relatively poor corneal penetration, and the increase of its trans-corneal delivery would be beneficial to reduce the amount or frequency of daily dose. In this study, ultrasound treatment was applied to en...

Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify the demographic variables that are affecting performances on the Logical Memory (LM) subtest included in the Korean version of the Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS)-IV and to provide normative data on the LM subtest for the middle-age and elderly Korean people. Methods: The participants were 435 non-...

Several epidemiological and preclinical studies supported the protective effect of coffee on Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it is still unknown whether coffee is specifically related with reduced brain AD pathologies in human. Hence, this study aims to investigate relationships between coffee intake and in vivo AD pathologies, including cerebra...

This study aimed to assess the relationship between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urine microalbumin/creatinine ratio (uACR), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in elderly Korean men and women. Data were analyzed from 2880 adults (1262 men and 1618 women) aged ≥ 50 years from the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examinati...

Background: This study was conducted to assess the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and beta-cell function in nondiabetic Korean women. Methods: This study included 2,507 women (premenopausal women, 1,359; postmenopausal women, 1,148) who were aged ≥20 and used 2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) da...

Background/aim: This study aimed to investigate the clinical outcomes and role of adjuvant concurrent chemo-radiation therapy (CCRT) compared to adjuvant chemotherapy alone in young patients with gastric cancer (GC) defined as those ≤45 years old versus older patients. Patients and methods: Data were collected from December 2004 to January 2013...

For a minimally invasive approach to access the facial nerve, we designed an extended epitympanotomy via a transmastoid approach that has proven useful in cases of traumatic facial nerve palsy and pre-cholesteatoma. To evaluate the surgical exposure through an extended epitympanotomy, six patients with traumatic facial nerve palsy were enrolled in...

Background: Solid tumors are a common cause of secondary (reactive) thrombocytosis, a paraneoplastic syndrome that is also a prognostic factor for various cancers. However, cutoff values for platelet count specific to gastric cancer and their prognostic roles are unknown. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed records of 4643 patients with gastric...

Background: Combination laparoscopic lymph node (LN) dissection and endoscopic resection is a promising treatment for early gastric cancer. However, LN dissection could cause nerve injury and deterioration of motility in the preserved stomach. This experimental study aims to evaluate changes in gastric motility after tailored perigastric regional...

Objective: C5 palsy is a severe complication after cervical spine surgery, the pathophysiology of which remains unclear. This multicenter study investigated the incidence of C5 palsy following cervical spine surgery in Korea. Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter study involving 21 centers from the Korean Cervical Spine Study Group....

Background The function of ASXL1 protein in colorectal cancer has not been investigated yet. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic impact of ASXL1 protein expression on colorectal cancer. Methods We performed immunohistochemical staining of ASXL1 protein using tissue microarrays of 408 colorectal cancer...

KoreaPurpose: We examined the association between thyroid hormone and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)/benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Materials and Methods: A total of 5,708 middle aged men were included. LUTS/BPH were assessed using the international prostate symptom score (IPSS), total prostate volume (TPV), maximal flow rate (Qmax), and a...