Julieta Grajales Conesa

Autonomous University of Chiapas · Instituto de Biociencias

In this chapter, an alternative for damage control of lemon trees in the field and its monitoring until the post-harvest stage is presented, with the use of propolis extracts, applied by spraying to the trees and placed in biofilms in fruits after harvest. The objective of this work was to evaluate the biological effectiveness of ethanolic extracts...

The application of propolis ethanolic extract in pasture silage was evaluated in weaned lamb growth. Propolis produced by the Mexican stingless bee, Scaptotrigona mexicana, was extracted in ethanol and applied to pasture silage of Panicum maximum. Treatments were conducted in vitro to determine the degree of inhibition of pathogenic microbe growth...

It was found that plant extracts work in the control of Planococcus citri (mealy bug) in rambutan crops, specifically those corresponding to Petiveria alliacea and Momordiga charantia, which managed to reduce the density of the mealybug population to a maximum of 1 individual per leaf, per panicle and for every 1000 fruits observed. The application...

La búsqueda de alternativas alimenticias empleadas como forrajes para la nutrición de rumiantes que proporcionen suficientes azúcares, proteína, una cantidad equilibrada de aminoácidos, una buena fuente de vitaminas y grasas es complicada. Recientemente, se ha evaluado ensilar residuos agroindustriales como la cáscara, pulpa y semilla de café para...

It is common practice for local stingless beekeepers in Southern Mexico to keep their colonies, comprising two or more species, in a single place, which is referred to as a meliponary. Little is known, however, about whether such a setup promotes competition for local resources among them. This is particularly relevant when several dozens of hives...

This is a book to teach BSc students English for Specific Purposes, level III

Pollen has been widely known to have beneficial properties for humans, including fighting harmful microorganisms. On the other hand, bacterial resistance is an obvious global problem that has increased over the years. For this reason, the study of the antimicrobial properties of substances such as pollen could play an important role in this area. T...

Purpose: Pathogens that affect agricultural products after harvest are controlled using several strategies during the postharvest process. To accomplish this, refrigeration, controlled atmospheres, ethylene absorbers, coatings, and biofilms are used. The antifungal activity of chitosan biofilms added to other polymers (starch, wax and bovine serum...

Colaspis hypochlora se considera una de las principales plagas del fruto del banano debido a que genera daños visibles, como manchas negras, impactando negativamente la presentación y calidad de los frutos destinados a la exportación. Para contrarrestar este problema, se han explorado alternativas amigables con el medio ambiente. El objetivo de est...

La producción de miel tiene vestigios ancestrales, considerando a Apis como la más domesticada y comercializada. Por otro lado, las abejas meliponinos, que tienen vestigios precolombinos han sido poco estudiadas y tiene propiedades fisicoquímicas importantes y de gran valor para ser usadas en el área agrícola. El cultivo del mango, del cual depende...

La moniliasis (Moniliophthora roreri), genera pérdidas económicas en la producción de frutos del cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). El control de la enfermedad ha sido con productos químicos y manejo integrado, con reducida eficiencia. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de Bacillus sp. sobre la incidencia y severidad de moniliasis en cacao....

In recent decades there have been low yields of mango (Mangifera indica L.) var. Ataulfo, related to the presence of pests and diseases, for which the irrational use of pesticides has increased, causing a deficit of pollinators. Among the alternatives allowing attracting pollinators are plant extracts. The study was carried out in the mango orchard...

It is common practice that local stingless beekeepers in Southern Mexico keep their colonies, from two or more species, in a single place, referred to as meliponary. Little is known, however, if such scheme promotes competition for local resources among managed species. This is particularly relevant since in some cases over several dozens of hives...

Stingless bees have a sophisticated system of chemical communication that helps conspecifics find food sources. In this study, we investigated whether Melipona beecheii foragers deposit a chemical mark on food to recruit conspecifics. Our results showed that foragers preferred to visit the feeders visited previously by conspecifics over clean feede...

La miel de abejas sin aguijón es reconocida de manera tradicional por su efecto nutracéutico y antimicrobiano; sin embargo, en los últimos años se han realizado trabajos de investigación para demostrarlo ya que existe poca información al respecto en comparación con otras especies como la Apis mellifera. En este estudio se evaluó el efecto de las mi...

The advance in agricultural technology could increase their commercialization, being the agronomic management for each crop an alternative. The management of natural products is a relevant and responsible need, in order to improve the quality and production of food, and to protect the agro-ecosystem biodiversity. Therefore, the aim of this chapter...

Los frutos de papaya se ven afectados por el hongo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, principal fitopatógeno de este cultivo. En el campo de la agricultura sustentable, el uso de enemigos naturales es una de las estrategias con potencial de control, tal es el caso de ácaros que consumen hongos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar...

A pesar los beneficios conocidos de los propóleos, hay poca información sobre las abejas sin aguijón de la región del Soconusco, Chiapas, México. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las propiedades antioxidantes y antimicrobianas de los extractos etanólicos de propóleos de estas abejas S. aureus. Los extractos se analizaron y la capacidad a...

Los frutos de papaya se ven afectados por el hongo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, principal fitopatógeno de este cultivo. En el campo de la agricultura sustentable, el uso de enemigos naturales es una de las estrategias con potencial de control, tal es el caso de ácaros que consumen hongos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la eficie...

Introducción. En México se ha producido un aumento del 4.7% en el número de Diabetes Mellitus tipo II, equivalente al 0.003% de la población total, donde las úlceras en los pies van en aumento, y son susceptibles de infección y consecuentemente de amputación. Así, esto representa varios gastos financieros para las instituciones de Salud. Objetivo....

La moniliasis, producida por el hongo Moniliophthora roreri, afecta a frutos de cacao en cualquier estado de desarrollo fenolÛgico, siendo los m·s susceptibles a la infecciÛn los reciÈn formados que son denominados estado infantil. La presencia de frutos de cacao enfermos en las primeras cuatro semanas de desarrollo, hace pensar que el proceso...

Moniliasis, produced by the fungus Moniliophthora roreri, affects cocoa fruits in any stage of phenological development, the newly formed ones being the most susceptible to infection, which are called the infant stage. The presence of diseased cocoa fruits in the first four weeks of development suggests that the infection process is carried out in...

A balanced diet is essential for optimal development of the same birds in the poultry industry. The basic food of the birds constituted by soy flour, meat, fish, or grains as primary sources of protein does not cover the protein needs of the birds. Because of what insects possess, they can be an alternative source for bird feeding. In addition, the...

In Mexico, poultry meat represents 24,8 % of the protein consumed. In the search for protein sources that meet this demand, the use of insects has been found to be of potential interest. In order to reduce the effect of the components that affect the absorption of nutrients, additives such as digestive enzymes and microorganisms have been used. The...

El cultivo del mango, importante en México, es el sostén del 35% de las familias en varias regiones del sureste del país y en Chiapas ocupa el cuarto lugar, con el 22.5% del volumen total generado en el País. En el Soconusco, el Trips, insecto plaga importante se encuentra sobre hojas y flores de este cultivar, provocando mermas directamente en el...

p>La interacción planta-abeja puede generar productos de la colmena con diferentes características fisicoquímicas, bioactivos y actividad antimicrobiana. Por lo cual, en este trabajo se determinó la composición química de conglomerados o agregados de polen colectados de 12 colmenas establecidas en Chiapas, México, en los municipios Tapachula, Mazat...

The objective of this study was to isolate lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from honey produced by the stingless bee Scaptotrigona mexicana from southern of Mexico, and to evaluate their probiotic potential. From fresh and fermented honey, 18 strains were isolated. Of these, 10 had presumptive LAB biochemical characteristics. Their ability to grow at dif...

Introducción: El uso excesivo de antibióticos ha traído el aumento de resistencia en los microorganismos patógenos que provocan mortalidad de los pacientes. Por consiguiente, la búsqueda de nuevas estrategias naturales y no convencionales se ha vuelto constante e importante. Objetivo: Determinar la actividad antimicrobiana contra Staphylococcus au...

Melissopalynological analysis of 14 honey samples of Tetragonisca angustula (two), Scaptotrigona mexicana (six), Melipona beecheii (three) and Melipona solani (three) from Soconusco region in Chiapas, Mexico was performed. A total of 79 taxa were identified, being Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Melostomataceae and Rubiaceae the predominant po...

Sensory descriptors of mango 'Ataulfo' treated with dose of γ-rad (Cobalt 60) of 0, 0.15, 0.30, and 0.45 kGys were evaluated. Eight trained panelists evaluated eleven sensory descriptors, three on taste, four on texture and four on odor. Judges found significant differences (P < 0.05) for sweetness, sourness, astringency, juiciness, firmness, mango...

This is a book to teach BSc students English for Specific Purposes for Biological Sciences, second book

Floral scents attract pollinators to plant rewards; in nectarless flowers, pollen grains are the only reward. Thus, pollen not only fertilizes ovules, but also feeds pollinators. This dilemma is resolved by specialization of anthers (i.e., heteranthery): feeding anthers that feed pollinators and pollinating anthers for fertilization. We hypothesize...

Rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.; Sapindaceae) is found in the humid tropics, native to Indonesia and Malaysia, and is considered an underutilized fruit crop [1]. Rambutan and other crops such as lychees, durian, guavas and passion fruit are considered "minor tropical fruits" by FAO [2], because they are traded mostly at the regional level in small...

Physicochemical, acceptance and palynological studies were performed in stingless bee honeys from Soconusco, Chiapas, in order to learn and contribute to their knowledge in the Tropics. Nine honey samples were collected from Melipona solani (Ms), M. beecheii (Mb) and Scaptotrigona mexicana (Sm) in different meliponaries. Our results registered phys...

p>Aunado a la alta toxicidad de los productos químicos para el control fitosanitario de las enfermedades fúngicas a nivel de campo, el microorgansimso causante de enfermedad no es completamente eliminado, por lo que, productos de origen natural tanto vegetal como animal han generado interés para el control de plagas y enfermedades en las plantas. E...

Jatropha curcas is a euphorb possibly native to Mexico and Central America [1, 2]. It is a multipurpose plant used for traditional medicine, biopesticide, land erosion control, living fences, lantern oil and soap making, and contains not only rich oil, but also toxic toxalbumin and jatrophin [3]. Moreover, in the last decade, it has been considered...

We studied the volatile composition and sexual morphs of Nephelium lappaceum flowers from two orchards, and investigated the choice behavior of the honey bee, Apis mellifera toward the floral extracts from both locations. Our results showed significant differences in chemical composition and sexual morphs; only the hermaphrodite flowers from the He...

Señor editor: La formación de úlceras infecciosas en miembros inferiores de pacientes diabéticos es un motivo de consulta cada vez más frecuente. Debido a la neuropatía y al costo del tratamiento, es común observar úlceras en estados infecciosos avanzados que son imposibles de sanar. En diversos hospitales de países desarrollados se emplean alterna...

Los begomovirus infectan las hojas y las inflorescencias de diferentes plantas de interés agrícola por lo que el rendimiento se ve seriamente reducido. Se ha reportado que las abejas sin aguijón del género Trigona son visitantes asiduos en la planta de interés bioenergético Jatropha curcas, piñón. Estas abejas utilizan su sistema mandibular para ex...

This is a book that aimed to teach BSc students to learn English for Specific Purposes

Jatropha curcas flowers from two localities in the Soconusco region, southern Mexico, were chemical and morphometrically analyzed: Camino a la Pita (CP) and Manuel Lazos (ML). Our results showed significant differences in floral volatile composition and flower morphology. A total of 30 compounds were identified; (E)-β-ocimene was the main compound...

This chapter is about floral variability in Jatropha curcas from the south of Mexico.

This chapter is about Jatropha curcas vegetative propagation.

This chapter is about Jatropha curcas pollination in the South of Mexico.

Sex expression and floral morphology studies are central to understand breeding behavior and to define the productive potential of plant genotypes. In particular, the new bioenergy crop Jatropha curcas L. has been classified as a monoecious species. Nonetheless, there is no information about its reproductive diversity in the Mesoamerican region, wh...

Sex expression and floral morphology studies are central to understand breeding behavior and to define the productive potential of plant genotypes. In particular, the new bioenergy crop Jatropha curcas L. has been classified as a monoecious species. Nonetheless, there is no information about its reproductive diversity in the Mesoamerican region, wh...

This chapter is about the quality of banana clon "gran enano" fruits, which were biofertilized.

Physico-chemical analysis on Apis mellifera honeys from three different forestry areas of Chiapas (Tuzantan, Motozintla and Siltepec) were carried out in order to identify differences related to origin and also to identify if honey samples met the international food quality standards. In all of the study sites, 10 samples of honey were collected fr...

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar la riqueza y la abundancia de abejas (Hymenoptera, Apoidea) en huertas de naranja y limón en floración en Yucatán, México. Se colectaron ocho especies de abejas; el 98% de los especímenes correspondió a Apis mellifera, y el 2% restante a abejas nativas. Estos hallazgos se discuten con base en la ecología d...

Effect of Citrus floral extracts on the foraging behavior of the stingless bee Scaptotrigona pectoralis (Dalla Torre). Stingless bees have an important role as pollinators of many wild and cultivated plant species in tropical regions. Little is known, however, about the interaction between floral fragrances and the foraging behavior of meliponine s...

Plants use visual and olfactory cues to attract pollinators and to allow them to detect the presence of flowers, which most of them are insects. Some plants have evolved with their pollinators, based on the olfactory messages, which make them unique for their specific pollinators. These mechanisms have evolved in certain plants in relation to their...

Plants use visual and olfactory cues to attract pollinators and to allow them to detect the presence of flowers, which most of them are insects. Some plants have evolved with their pollinators, based on the olfactory messages, which make them unique for their specific pollinators. These mechanisms have evolved in certain plants in relation to their...

Cephalic and Dufour gland secretions of virgin and physogastric queens of Scaptotrigona mexicana were analyzed by GC-MS. Worker responses to extracts and selected compounds identified in these secretions were evaluated in experimental hives. Cephalic secretions of virgin queens and 1-month-old physogastric queens are constituted of 2-ketones, 2-alc...