Julien Toillon

ANPN · R&D

Citation: Robin, J.; Bernard, A.; Albouy, L.; Papillon, S.; Tranchand, E.; Hebrard, M.-N.; Philibert, J.-B.; Barbedette, M.; Schafleitner, S.; Wenden, B.; et al. Description of Phenological Events of Persian Walnut (Juglans regia L.) according to the Extended BBCH Scale and Historical Scales. Horticulturae 2024, 10, 402. https://doi. Abstract: Waln...

Walnut trees are grown worldwide for their edible fruits of high nutritional value. To address climate change, researchers have studied walnut phenology to create cultivars adapted to warmer climates. The standardisation of walnut phenological observations is needed and the Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und CHemische Industrie (BBCH) s...

The plant material: a tool to manage water resources. Example of the VEGET'eau project Optimizing irrigation in asparagus plantations.

The hazelnut weevil, Curculio nucum (Curculionidae), and the green shield bug (GSB), Palomena prasina (Pentatomidae), are the main indigenous pests of European hazelnut orchards (Corylus avellana). Nymphs and adults of GSB feed by using piercing-sucking mouthparts, while larvae and adults of C. nucum use their mandibles to feed or oviposit on nuts....

Since 2015, the number of hazelnuts damaged by insects in France has increased exponentially. Palomena prasina, Pentatoma rufipes (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), and Gonocerus acuteangulatus are common insect species on hazel trees. In France, their pest status is unclear, and consequently limited data are available on their impact on French hazelnut cu...

European hazelnut cultivars are grouped by comparing their phenological development to a few reference cultivars such as ‘Barcelona’, ‘Tonda di Giffoni’ and ‘Tonda Gentile delle Langhe’. The cultivars are described as earlier or later than the references for blooming, and harvest time. BBCH scales describe the plant phenological stages according to...

French hazelnut cultivation began in the 1970s and over the past 40 years, it has become the 2nd national nut produced. Mainly located in the heart of the Middle Garonne until the 2010s, it has grown quite strongly since 2015 with an expansion of the planting area in the western half of the territory to its northern and in the Hauts-de-France. In t...

In France, organic hazelnut production is a real challenge. Considering the lack of organic solutions to limit insect pests in orchards, yield and nut quality could be impacted. This trial aims at evaluating: i) tree growth and nut productivity; ii) nut quality; iii) abundance of insect pests; and iv) soil insect biodiversity under organic and conv...

Hazelnut flowering and leaf phenology have been monitored yearly in southwestern France and stored in data files since the early 2000s. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the annual evolution of flowering and budbreak dates for productive hazelnut orchards in southwestern France. The tested cultivars were ‘Tonda di Giffoni’, ‘Barcelo...

Seasonal dynamic of sap composition in walnut orchards in southwestern France

A wide range of walnut (Juglans regia L.) cultivars are produced around the world. They are generally classed among them according to their phenology (bud break, flowering and nut fall). To date, phenological stages have been recorded using alphanumerical codes, although data analysis is difficult with such codes. This study converted the alphanume...

CONTEXTE – La punaise diabolique Halyomorpha halys, ou punaise marbrée, originaire d’Asie de l’Est, a été signalée pour la première fois en Suisse en 2004, puis en Italie en 2012 et en France en 2014. Elle s’est rapidement répandue sur le territoire, en particulier dans les régions productrices de fruits et de légumes, où elle représente une menace...

Seed protection is a key element in plant survival and plant dispersion. In hazelnuts, shell lignification begins from the tip to the basal scar. Therefore, hardening time is a race between seed survival against environmental stress. While new pests and stochastic weather events are increasing, fundamental shell lignification features are missing i...

Hazelnut is an important food resource for the larvae and adults of the hazelnut weevil, Curculio nucum. While wormy nuts reflect the impact of such weevils at harvest time, little is known about the other types of damage they cause. To establish a comprehensive list of damages, and thereby identify the period of hazelnut vulnerability, male and fe...

To date, distinct codes and phenological scales are currently employed for monitoring the annual life cycle of a hazelnut. These scales works well in specific areas but do not translate well for a broader use. Thus, a universal scale adaptable to all areas will allow standardization of phenological monitoring for hazelnut. Two recently published ar...

A wide range of hazelnut (Corylus avellana) cultivars are produced around the world. Cultivars are often listed by the time of bloom, from early to mid and late season. To date, phenological stages have been recorded using alphanumerical codes, although data analysis is difficult with such codes. This study converted the alphanumerical codes to ful...

A wide range of hazelnut cultivars (Corylus avellana) are produced around the world. Cultivars can be listed depending on the blooming period: from early to mid and late season cultivars. In the southwestern of France, little is known about the relationship between the blooming period and consequently, the dynamic of fruit growth (DFG). DFG is an a...

To be competitive, the French hazelnut growers need to evaluate new hazelnut cultivars and their adaptability to contrasting environments in terms of water and mineral resources. The ability to use resources efficiently, including water (i.e. water use efficiency, WUE) can be studied at different levels such as at foliar level. To study WUE, it is...

Key message Black locust is an interesting option for biomass production at sites prone to water shortage because the species combines water-use efficiency and a biomass yield largely superior to that of poplars under the conditions of the study. Context Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is an interesting tree species for woody biomass product...

Three cutilvars were grafted on dundee rootstock. They were compared to own rooted trees. They were monitored for sucker emission, vigor and productivity during 9 years in south west France.

The First mature leave has been determined in Hazelnut using several cultivated varieties This woks has been accepted for publication : J. Toillon, A. Paradinas, and M. Thomas. (2021). Growth and leaf morphology of hazelnut cultivars grown under semi-controlled conditions. European Journal of Horticultural Science. In Press.

For three species (poplar, black locust and willow) cultivated as short or very short rotation coppices (SRC/VSRC), the project relied on monitoring growth and efficiency with which trees use water and nitrogen in a network of four experimental sites, located in contrasting stations. The relevance of DNA methylation levels as an early marker of the...

For three species (poplar, black locust and willow) cultivated as short or very short rotation coppices (SRC/ VSRC), the project relied on monitoring growth and efficiency with which trees use water and nitrogen in a network of four experimental sites, located in contrasting stations. The relevance of DNA methylation levels as an early marker of th...

Poplar coppice plantations for biomass production can be conducted under either short rotation coppice (SRC) or short rotation forestry (SRF) systems, depending on planting density and rotation length. It is likely that differences in planting density affect tree physiology through competition for resource acquisition, including light, water and nu...

Cette thèse visait à (1) caractériser l'impact de la densité de plantation (DP) et des conditions pédoclimatiques sur la physiologie des peupliers et des saules dédiés à la production de biomasse, (2) évaluer la variabilité génétique de caractères liés à la productivité, l'efficience d'utilisation de l'eau (WUE) et l'efficience d'utilisation de l'a...