Julian Marschalek

University of Vienna | UniWien · Medizinische Universität Wien

Purpose In humans, granulosa cells (GCs) are part of the follicle and nourish the growing oocyte. GCs produce estrogen and, after ovulation, progesterone. They are embedded in a multicellular tissue structure of the ovary, which consists of a variety of different cell types that are essential for the physiological function of the ovary. However, th...

In humans, granulosa cells (GCs) are part of the follicle and nourish the growing oocyte. GCs produce oestrogen and, after ovulation, progesterone. They are embedded in a multicellular tissue structure of the ovary, which consists of a variety of different cell types that are essential for the physiological function of the ovary. However, the exten...

Background To evaluate in women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA), whether there is a difference between patients with and without polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) concerning the response to a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation test and to pulsatile GnRH treatment. Methods In a retrospective observational study, 64 w...

Purpose Vacuum-assisted deliveries (VAD) are complex procedures that require training and experience to be performed proficiently. We aimed to evaluate if a more resource intensive practice-based training program for conducting VAD is more efficient compared to a purely theory-based training program, with respect to immediate training effects and p...

Background Vitrification has superseded the slow freezing method for cryopreservation of oocytes, embryos, and sperm, but there are as yet no standard protocols for its use in ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC). Published protocols diverge mainly with regard to the extent of supplementation of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to the vitrification mediu...

Background Vitrification has superseded the slow freezing method for cryopreservation of oocytes, embryos, and sperm, but there are yet no standard protocols for its use in ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC). Published protocols diverse mainly in the supplementation of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to the vitrification medium and the use of an open...

Objective To define potential risk factors for recurrence of prolapse. Methods This short report included all women who presented with recurrence of prolapse as well as without any recurrence signs after a vaginal approach of native tissue prolapse repair at an urogynecological center in Austria. Results A total of 124 recurrence cases and 64 wom...

In reproductive medicine, the technique of rapid cooling becomes increasingly important for the preservation of tissue and cells. In order to protect the cells, incubation in different cryopreservation solutions is essential. The speed of the cooling process also makes a pivotal contribution to the success of this method. Using Flourescence Activat...

Background: Gender-affirming hormone therapy has been hypothesized to reduce the patient's reproductive potential in transmen, although the exact long-term effects on future fertility are unknown. Methods: In this prospective cohort study we aimed to evaluate ovaries of 20 transmen by using hormone serum levels, histomorphological analysis and f...

This multicentre, randomised, controlled cross-over trial was designed to investigate the effect of intra-uterine slow-release insemination (SRI) on pregnancy rates in women with confirmed infertility or the need for semen donation who were eligible for standard bolus intra-uterine insemination (IUI). Data for a total of 182 women were analysed aft...

To evaluate the incidence of endometriosis in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients who did not present with any endometriosis symptoms and underwent laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) for clomiphene citrate (CC) resistance, 225 and 630 women with CC-resistant PCOS without classic endometriosis symptoms were included in a retrospective study a...

Purpose To investigate a possible influence of repetitive micro-traumata on the ovaries in the course of oocyte retrieval during IVF/ICSI treatment on serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels. Methods The study included retrospectively collected data from women who underwent three or more consecutive IVF/ICSI treatments between 2007 and 2017. The...

Study objective: To evaluate whether the presence of a visualizable "flow" effect in the fallopian tube ostia in hysteroscopy was predictive of tubal patency. Design: A prospective cohort study. Setting: In a prospective study, infertile women who underwent surgery because of infertility between March and November 2018 were included. The main...

Objective: Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction may play a crucial role in preeclampsia (PE). The aim of this study was to investigate differences in maternal levels of serum-mitochondrial (mt) DNA, a proposed biomarker for mitochondrial dysfunction, in women with PE compared to healthy pregnant women. Study design: Using samples obtained...

Introduction: Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue is an essential step in Ovarian Tissue Banking. In order to prevent the formation of ice crystals, typically the tissue is slowly frozen using a cryoprotectant. As an alternative the method of ultra-fast freezing by vitrification becomes more attention for freezing ovarian tissue because it has succ...

Background: In view of the reported increase in obstetric anal sphincter injuries, the objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of such injuries over time and the associated risk and protective factors. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study from a national database of 168 137 primiparous women with term, singleton, cephalic...

Background: Due to chemotherapy and estrogen deprivation therapy, genitourinary syndrome of menopause is a common condition in breast cancer patients. We aimed to determine the effect of an orally administered Lactobacillus preparation on the vaginal microbiota in breast cancer patients. Methods: Postmenopausal breast cancer patients receiving c...

Purpose: A modified application technique of intrauterine insemination (IUI) is slow release insemination (SRI), first described by Muharib et al. (Hum Reprod 7(2):227-229, 1992), who postulated higher pregnancy rates with a slow release of spermatozoa for 3 h. Methods: To investigate this approach, two randomized controlled, cross-over pilot st...

Background The ability to identify patients at risk for developing preeclampsia is important for preventing morbidity and mortality in both the mother and child. Although CYFRA 21–1 (a fragment of Cytokeratin 19) is considered a promising biomarker for diagnosing preeclampsia, little is known regarding the levels of CYFRA 21–1 during pregnancy. Her...

Die Sectio stellt sowohl für die Schwangere wie auch für den Fetus eine sehr sichere Entbindungsalternative dar. Seit den 1970er-Jahren steigt die Sectiorate kontinuierlich. Wie weit das Entbindungsrisiko bei einer elektiven Sectio mit dem bei einer natürlichen Geburt vergleichbar ist, bleibt ungeklärt. Die Entscheidung einer Schwangeren für die En...

Objective: Transplantation results in a 5-time elevated risk for a variety of malignancies (Kaposi sarcoma, skin, liver, lung, gastrointestinal cancer). A patient's risk for malignancies could be of particular interest for the follow-up programs of patients and risk adaption after kidney transplantation. The aim of this study was to identify indep...

Pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are reported to be at increased risk for infections of the genital tract. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of asymptomatic bacterial vaginosis (BV) and Candida colonization at early gestation between pregnant women with and without diabetic conditions during pregnancy. We included da...

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Introduction: Nowadays, cycling is not only an increasingly popular recreational sport, but is also playing a significant role in means of transportation. Thus, it is important to know which negative impact cycling can have on the human body. This review summarizes the current evidence on the epidemiology, treatment and prevention of genital and pe...

Background Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most prevalent congenital viral infection and thus places an enormous disease burden on newborn infants. Seroprevalence of maternal antibodies to CMV due to CMV exposure prior to pregnancy is currently the most important protective fac- tor against congenital CMV disease. The aim of this study was to identify...

ROC curves for the five cross-validation rounds of the presented predictive model. (PDF)

Regions of origin by place of birth, and the number of included patients. (A) Light blue: Western Europe; Dark blue: Eastern Europe. (B) Light blue: Middle East. (C) Other geographical regions. (TIF)

Objective: Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists (GnRHa) decrease the expression of growth factors involved in the development of human endometriotic tissue. As endometriosis has been found to be associated with a mild increase in prolactin (PRL) serum levels, we aimed to evaluate changes in PRL serum levels as well as other hormones relevant to...

Cycling has become a popular athletic activity worldwide and can lead to genital and pelvic floor dysfunction. This review summarizes the current body of evidence about the epidemiology of genital and pelvic floor symptoms in female cyclists, the therapy, and preventive interventions. Two electronic meta-databases, OvidSP™ and Deutsches Institut fü...

Objective Renal transplant (RT) patients are at increased risk for human papillomavirus related malignancies of the lower genital tract. We aimed to describe the incidence of genital dysplasia, assess the most common cervical cancer screening-intervals and identify independent risk factors for the development of genital dysplasia in RT patients.Des...

Vaginal infection in early pregnancy is associated with preterm birth. This study evaluates long-term results after integrating an antenatal screen-and-treat program for asymptomatic vaginal infections into routine pregnancy care. We retrospectively analyzed data of all women with singleton high-risk pregnancies delivering at our tertiary referral...

Die Sectio stellt sowohl für die Schwangere wie auch für den Fetus eine sehr sichere Entbindungsalternative dar. Seit den 1970er-Jahren steigt die Sectiorate kontinuierlich. Wie weit das Entbindungsrisiko bei einer elektiven Sectio mit dem bei einer natürlichen Geburt vergleichbar ist, bleibt ungeklärt. Die Entscheidung einer Schwangeren für die En...

Fragestellung: Nierentransplantierte Patientinnen haben ein erhohtes Risiko fur die Entstehung von Malignomen. Ziel dieser Studie war es unabhangige Risikofaktoren fur das Auftreten von Malignomen bei Frauen nach Nierentransplantation zu identifizieren. Methodik: In diese multizentrischen Transversalstudie wurden 262 Patientinnen, die zwischen 1980...

IntroductionBased on Lactobacillus species co-colonizing the vagina and rectum, it has been hypothesized that the rectum may be an important reservoir for vaginal colonization by lactobacilli. There are no data on this issue in male-to-female transsexual women.AimWe undertook this observational study to characterize the Lactobacillus species presen...

We present a case series of eight female lung transplant recipients who used combined hormonal contraception (CHC). Pregnancies after lung transplantation are rare1 but can put the woman and the fetus at high risk. It has been reported that pre-eclampsia develops in approximately 25% of lung recipients, often leading to preterm delivery and low bir...

There is a general opinion that penile skin lined neovagina of transsexual women is not able to support the growth of lactobacilli. This study was undertaken to prove if lactobacilli strains could survive in neovagina and to characterise the most dominant Lactobacillus species. Sixty three male-to-female transsexual women without abnormal vaginal d...

Lactobacilli have been found in the neovagina of very low numbers of transsexual women. We undertook this study to determine whether an orally administered preparation of four lactobacilli strains exerts some measurable effect on the neovaginal microflora of female transsexuals. 60 male to female transsexual women with penile linked neovagina were...

In this case report we have described a patient suffering from sclerosing cholangitis, diabetes mellitus type I, and consequent end-stage renal disease who was successfully treated with simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation 9 years after orthotopic liver transplantation.

To investigate whether fetal lung signals and fetal lung signal progression over gestation observed on magnetic resonance imaging are different in mothers who reported smoking during pregnancy compared with nonsmoking controls. Cross-sectional retrospective study of 100 consecutive singleton pregnancies that underwent magnetic resonance imaging. Fe...

Recently, expression of glutamate decarboxylase-67 (GAD67), a key enzyme of GABA synthesis, was detected in the otherwise glutamatergic mossy fibers of the rat hippocampus. Synthesis of the enzyme was markedly enhanced after experimentally induced status epilepticus. Here, we investigated the expression of GAD67 protein and mRNA in 44 hippocampal s...

The increased use of older and/or marginal donor organs in liver transplantation over the last decade calls for strategies to minimize ischaemic reperfusion (I/R) injury to prevent early graft failure. Tacrolimus, a very potent and effective calcineurin inhibitor, was selected because of its ability to ameliorate I/R injury. A randomized, blinded,...

To investigate whether fetal lung volume and fetal lung volume growth over gestation are different in mothers who reported smoking during pregnancy compared to non-smoking controls. Cross-sectional retrospective study of the data of 200 consecutive singleton pregnancies that underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Fetal lung volumes of 32 fetus...