Juho Kopra

• PhD
• Lecturer at University of Eastern Finland

Background: Family support during acute illnesses is both a care quality indicator and a goal to deliver value-based care that is respectful of patients and their families’ needs. The aim of this study was to assess the level of perceived family support (i.e., cognitive, and emotional support for family members) provided by nurses in the context of...

Background Severe challenges in recruiting and retaining healthcare workers exist on a global level and are especially noticeable in elderly care services. Previous studies have not assessed how the attractiveness of a job is related to wellbeing at work among licensed practical nurses (LPNs) even though these professionals are vital in providing c...

Introduction Maternal and infant mortality rates in Finland are among the lowest in the world, yet preventable obstetric injuries occur every year. The aim of this study was to describe obstetric claims, their compensation rates, and temporal trends of claims reported to the Patient Insurance center. Material and Methods A nationwide, register‐bas...

We analyzed process data of occupational health care (OHC) consultations supporting employees' work ability (N=41,401–41,472) in 2011–2017 and data of disability retirement (N=335,724–340,479) in 2005–2017. Our study showed that systematic QI associates with the reduction of permanent disability retirement (p=0.03) and full disability pensions can...

Background Adherence to exercise is crucial for promoting health and maintaining functioning. Aims To investigate predictors of adherence to exercise in the initially free supervised fall prevention RCT and its low-cost, self-sustained continuation among elderly women. Methods In the 2-year Kuopio Fall Prevention Study RCT, 457 women (aged 71–84)...

Aim To evaluate changes in family members´ perceived support and family nursing practice following the implementation of a nurse-led family strengths-based intervention in adult intensive care units. Design This was an implementation study that utilised a single-group pre-post-test quasi-experimental design. Methods The intervention involved three...

Data wrangling, also known as data cleaning and preprocessing, is a critical step in the data analysis process, particularly in the context of learning analytics. This chapter provides an introduction to data wrangling using R and covers topics such as data importing, cleaning, manipulation, and reshaping with a focus on tidy data. Specifically, re...

Visualizing data is central in learning analytics research, underpins learning dashboards, and is a prime method for reporting results and insights to stakeholders. In this chapter, the reader will be guided through the process of generating meaningful and aesthetically pleasing visualizations of different types of student data using well-known R p...

The R programming language has become a popular tool for conducting data analysis in the field of learning analytics. This chapter provides an introduction to the basics of R programming, with a focus on the Rstudio integrated development environment and the tidyverse programming paradigm. The chapter covers topics such as data types and structures...

Statistics play a fundamental role in learning analytics, providing a means to analyze and make sense of the vast amounts of data generated by learning environments. This chapter provides an introduction to basic statistical concepts using R and covers topics such as measures of central tendency, variability, correlation, and regression analysis. S...

Objective Employment conditions in the care sector are changing, and precarious employment (PE) is becoming more widespread, manifesting as undervaluation, adverse leadership, work overload, and inadequate control over work. This study aimed to examine changes in psychosocial health, work well-being, PE, and calling over time and explore the effect...

Background Falls are a substantial health problem among older adults. An accessible and reliable tool for assessing individual fall risk is needed. Aims The predictive ability of a one-page self-rated fall risk assessment form (KaatumisSeula® [KS]) was evaluated among older women in its current form. Methods A subsample (n = 384) of community-liv...

Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for animals. In Finland, Se supplementary feeding and Se-enriched macronutrient fertilisers are used in conventional farming because the Se availability from soil is extremely low. The objective of this study was to improve Se concentration in organic milk by replacing sodium selenite (SS) in mineral-vita...

Objectives Work disability management is a problem globally. This study was designed to find out whether the initiation, process and outcome of health check-ups (HCUs) follow the national legislation and whether supervisors and occupational healthcare (OHC) units act according to the legislation-based recommendations. Methods Data of 1092 employee...

Background: Measures in nursing research frequently use Likert scales that yield ordinal data. Confirmatory factor analysis using Pearson correlations commonly applies to such data, although this violates ordinal scale assumptions. Objectives: To illustrate the application of polychoric correlations and polychoric confirmatory factor analysis as...

Background and purpose: COVID-19 lockdowns have affected personal mobility and behavior worldwide. This study compared the number of emergency department (ED) visits due to injuries and typical low-energy fractures in Finland during the COVID-19 lockdown period in spring 2020 to the reference period in 2019. Patients and methods: The data was co...

The aim of this study was to monitor long‐term changes in bone mineral density (BMD) after menopause and factors affecting BMD. The study population consisted of a random sample of 3222 women from the Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention (OSTPRE) study, of which 62.1% were postmenopausal at the beginning of the study. This group of women...

In this study, we found that regional disparity in incidence of hip fractures has converged. Also, annual hip fracture risk ratios between genders have systematically diminished over time.IntroductionSeveral studies have reported secular trends in hip fracture incidence, but knowledge about the possible causes is limited. We studied potential expla...

Objectives There is evidence that occupational healthcare (OHC) may improve employees’ work ability. This research was designed to study whether common quality improvement (QI) activities in the OHC quality network (OQN) – a voluntary collaborative forum – can reduce the need for disability pensions. Methods The study population comprised employees...

Aims: We aim to adjust for potential non-participation bias in the prevalence of heavy alcohol consumption. Methods: Population survey data from Finnish health examination surveys conducted in 1987-2007 were linked to the administrative registers for mortality and morbidity follow-up until end of 2014. Utilising these data, available for both pa...

Aims: A common objective of epidemiological surveys is to provide population-level estimates of health indicators. Survey results tend to be biased under selective non-participation. One approach to bias reduction is to collect information about non-participants by contacting them again and asking them to fill in a questionnaire. This information i...

Aims: A common objective of epidemiological surveys is to provide population-level estimates of health indicators. Survey results tend to be biased under selective non-participation. One approach to bias reduction is to collect information about non-participants by contacting them again and asking them to fill in a questionnaire. This information...

In epidemiological surveys data missing not at random (MNAR) due to survey nonresponse, may potentially lead to a bias of the risk factor estimates. We propose an approach based on Bayesian data augmentation and survival modelling to reduce the nonresponse bias. The approach requires additional information based on follow-up data. We present a case...

In epidemiological surveys, data missing not at random (MNAR) due to survey nonresponse may potentially lead to a bias in the risk factor estimates. We propose an approach based on Bayesian data augmentation and survival modelling to reduce the nonresponse bias. The approach requires additional information based on follow-up data. We present a case...

Knowledge of current fishing mortality rates is an important prerequisite for formulating management plans for the recovery of threatened stocks. We present a method for estimating migration and fishing mortality rates for anadromous fishes that combines tag return data from commercial and recreational fisheries with expert opinion in a Bayesian fr...

Data missing not at random (MNAR) are a major challenge in survey sampling. We propose an approach based on registry data to deal with non-ignorable missingness in health examination surveys. The approach relies on follow-up data available from administrative registers several years after the survey. For illustration, we use data on smoking prevale...