Juergen Junk

Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) | LIST · Environmental Research and Innovation

Knowledge of the chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) is essential for understanding its source distribution, identifying potential health impacts of toxic elements, and developing efficient air pollution abatement strategies. Traditional methods for analysing PM composition, such as collection on filter substrates and subsequent offline...

Knowledge of the chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) is essential for understanding its source distribution, identifying potential health impacts of toxic elements and to develop efficient air pollution abatement strategies. Traditional methods for analysing PM composition, such as collection on filter substrates and subsequent offline...

Citation: Junk, J.; Torres, A.; El Jaroudi, M.; Eickermann, M. Impact of Climate Change on the Phenology of Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.). Agriculture 2024, 14, 1049. Abstract: In our investigation, we have developed innovative statistical models tailored to predict specific phenological stages of winter oilseed rape (WOSR) cultivation in...

The impact of elevated air temperature and heat stress on human health is a global concern. It not only affects our well-being directly, but also reduces our physical work capacity, leading to negative effects on society and economic productivity. Climate change has already affected the climate in Luxembourg and, based on the results of regional cl...

Whiteflies from the Bemisia tabaci complex (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are a significant threat to agriculture and the economy worldwide. They cause direct harm to plants by feeding on phloem sap and indirectly harm them by transmitting hundreds of economically important viruses, such as the Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus (ToLCNDV). ToLCNDV, which i...

Biological control by augmentative release of parasitoids is an established practice for controlling an economically very important insect pest group, whiteflies (Aleyrodidae), in protected cropping systems worldwide. One of the two most used parasitoids is Encarsia formosa. Anthropogenic climate change will modify multitrophic interactions between...

Remote sensing technology is vital for precision agriculture, aiding in early issue detection, resource management, and environmentally friendly practices. Recent advances in remote sensing technology and data processing have propelled unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into valuable tools for obtaining detailed data on plant diseases with high spatia...

The editorial of the Special Issue claims to encompass multiple facets of how insects are expected to respond to global and regional environmental changes.

Whiteflies (Aleyrodidae) cause high economic losses in agricultural systems worldwide. Heavy reliance on insecticide use for whitefly control has led to the resistance development towards nearly all used groups of insecticides. A more sustainable, widely used, and irreplaceable control measure in protected cropping systems is biological control by...

Whiteflies of the Bemisia tabaci species complex are among the most damaging insect pests in agriculture worldwide, causing damage by feeding on crop plants and by vectoring plant viruses. The species complex consists of over 35 cryptic species that differ in many aspects of their biology including the optimal environment, geographic distribution,...

Zusammenfassend kann festhalten werden, dass die Klimaveränderung den Weinbau im Kreisgebiet bereits deutlich beeinflusst. Aktuell überwiegen noch die positiven Effekte. Das qualitative Niveau der aktuellen Jahrgänge ist ein Beleg hierfür. Dies sollte aber keinesfalls dazu führen, sich als ein Gewinner der Klimaerwärmung zu fühlen. Ganz im Gegentei...

Whiteflies are among the most important global insect pests in agriculture; their sustainable control has proven challenging and new methods are needed. Bacterial symbionts of whiteflies are poorly understood potential target of novel whitefly control methods. Whiteflies harbour an obligatory bacterium, Candidatus Portiera aleyrodidarum, and a dive...

Septoria leaf blotch (SLB) is among the most damaging foliar diseases of wheat worldwide. In this study, data for seven cropping seasons (2003–2009) at four representative wheat-growing sites in the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg (GDL) were used to assess SLB risk on the three upper leaves (L3 to L1, L1 being the flag leaf) based on the combination of c...

With global warming, grapevine is expected to be increasingly exposed to water deficits occurring at various development stages. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential impacts of projected climate change on water deficits from the flowering to veraison period for two main white wine cultivars (Riesling and Müller-Thurgau) in Germany....

Für den Standort Remich liegen seit 1970 kontinuierliche, systematische Wetteraufzeichnungen der von der Administration des services techniques de l’agriculture (ASTA) betriebenen Wetterstation am Weinbauinstitut vor. Darüber hinaus berichtet seit mindestens 50 Jahren das jährlich erscheinende «Weinjahr» umfassende statistische Daten zum Luxemburge...

Um die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf den luxemburgischen Weinbau abzuschätzen und mögliche Zukunftsszenarien ableiten zu können, haben Dr. Daniel Molitor und Dr. Jürgen Junk vom Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST) und Mareike Schultz vom Institut Viti-Vinicole Wetterdaten der Station Remich aus den letzten 50 Jahren untersucht...

Der Klimawandel ist in Mitteleuropa längt angekommen ¬ mit bereits deutlich spürbaren Auswirkungen auf den Weinbau. Hinweise darauf, wie die Entwicklung weitergeht und worauf die Winzer sich einstellen müssen, können bereits jetzt messbare Trends geben. Dr. Daniel Molitor und Dr. Jürgen Junk vom Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST)...

Climate change is a major challenge to viticulture worldwide. The adaptation potential of the different strategies to cope with climate change still embraces many uncertainties (e.g., unpredictable social-economic developments and land-use changes), particularly in the long-term. However, adaptation strategies adjusted to local terroirs and regiona...

Short-term adaptation of European viticulture to climate change: an overview from the H2020 Clim4Vitis action >>> Viticulture is exposed and vulnerable to extreme weather and climate change. In Europe, owing to the high socioeconomic value of the winemaking sector, the development of adaptation strategies to mitigate climate change impacts will be...

Viticulture is exposed and vulnerable to extreme weather and climate change. In Europe, owing to the high socio-economic value of the winemaking sector, the development of adaptation strategies to mitigate climate change impacts will be of foremost relevance for its future sustainability and competitiveness. Some guidelines on feasible short-term a...

The red gum lerp psyllid, Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae), is an invasive pest of Eucalyptus trees worldwide, responsible for serious damage, including the death of plants. Knowledge about the incidence of climatic factors on the insect development are essential to define useful strategies for controlling this pest. To this a...

The choice of the phyllotherm value for predicting leaf emergence under field conditions is pivotal to the success of fungicide-based disease risk management in temperate cereals. In this study, we investigated phyllotherm variability for predicting the emergence of the three uppermost leaves (i.e., three last leaves to emerge) in winter wheat and...

The choice of the phyllotherm value for predicting leaf emergence under field conditions is pivotal to the success of fungicide-based disease risk management in temperate cereals. In this study, we investigated phyllotherm variability for predicting the emergence of the three uppermost leaves (i.e., three last leaves to emerge) in winter wheat and...

The intensification of livestock production, to accommodate rising human population, has led to a higher emission of ammonia into the environment. For the reduction of ammonia emissions, different management steps have been reported in most EU countries. Some authors, however, have criticized such individual measures, because attempts to abate the...

Present investigations aimed at developing a unified cumulative degree day based model approach allowing for (i) a precise simulation of grapevine phenological development of a broad range of cultivars and (ii) a classification of the cultivar specific relative precocity of different cultivars at different stages of grape development. Based on a lo...

Citation: Eickermann M., Ronellenfitsch F.K., Junk J. (2020): Developing a decision support tool to forecast the abundance of the cabbage stem weevil in winter oilseed rape. Plant Protect. Sci. Abstract: Reducing the use of pesticides in agricultural systems is a prerequisite for sustainable agriculture and, therefore , knowledge on the factors tha...

Budbreak date in grapevine is strictly dependent on temperature, and the correct simulation of its occurrence is of great interest since it may have major consequences on the final yield and quality. In this study, we evaluated the reliability for budbreak simulation of two modeling approaches, the chilling-forcing (CF), which describes the entire...

The aim of the present investigations was to simulate the annual risk of bunch rot (Botrytis cinerea) on Vitis vinifera L. cv. Riesling grapes based on three long-term (n = 3 × 7 = 21 cases) assessment data sets originating from three Central European grape-growing regions. Periods when meteorological parameters were significantly (p < 0.01) correl...

Viticulture and winemaking are important socioeconomic sectors in many European regions. Climate plays a vital role in the terroir of a given wine region, as it strongly controls canopy microclimate, vine growth, vine physiology, yield, and berry composition, which together determine wine attributes and typicity. New challenges are, however, predic...

Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is among the most important crop diseases causing continuous threats to wheat production worldwide. STB epidemics are the outcome of interactions between susceptible host cultivars, favorable environmental conditions, and sufficient quantities of pathogen inoculum. Thus, to determine whether fungicide sprays should be...

Gemäß vorliegender Analysen wird unter den Bedingungen des luxemburgischen Moseltals jede einzelne der 27 phänologischen Entwicklungsstadien nach BBCHCode in der Zukunft früher im Jahr eintreten als in der Vergangenheit. Während signifikante Änderungen in der Länge der Phänophasen in den frühen Entwicklungsstadien absent sind, verkürzt sich nach vo...

Dr. Daniel Molitor und Dr. Jürgen Junk, LIST – Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, nehmen in den folgenden Ausführungen Stellung zu den Herausforderungen, die bedingt durch den Klimawandel für die Eisweinerzeugung entstanden sind.

Changes in the frequency and intensity of heat waves have shown substantial negative impacts on public health. At the same time, climate change towards increasing air temperatures throughout Europe will foster such extreme events, leading to the population being more exposed to them and societies becoming more vulnerable. Based on two climate chang...

Aim: Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) phenology is mainly temperature-driven. Consequently, the shift in thermal conditions due to climate change is supposed to have a distinct influence on grape phenology, grape maturity and wine typicity. This study aims to investigate (i) the future phenological development, as well as (ii) the consequences on the temp...

Am ersten Maiwochenende 2019 kam es entlang der Südlichen Weinmosel auf luxemburgischer wie auf deutscher Seite lokal zu massiven Spätfrostschäden in den Weinbergen. Erste Schätzungen des luxemburgischen Weinbauinstitutes in Remich gehen davon aus, dass im luxemburgischen Anbaugebiet etwa 40-50% der Triebe erfroren sind. Ähnlich gestaltet sich die...

A detailed representation of plant hydraulic traits and stomatal closure in land surface models (LSMs) is a prerequisite for improved predictions of ecosystem drought response. This work presents the integration of a macroscopic root water uptake (RWU) model based on the hydraulic architecture approach in the LSM of the Terrestrial Systems Modeling...

Sets of treatments that were applied against varroa mites in the Luxembourgish beekeeper community were surveyed annually with a questionnaire between the winters 2010/11 and 2014/15. The average temperature and the precipitation sum of the month, when the respective varroa control method was applied were considered as co-variables when evaluating...

Meteorological conditions are important factors in the development of fungal diseases in winter wheat and are the main inputs of the decision support systems used to forecast disease and thus determine timing for efficacious fungicide application. This study uses the Fourier transform method (FTM) to characterize temporal patterns of meteorological...

The EU Water Framework Directive aims to ensure restoration of Europe’s water bodies to “good ecological status” by 2027. Many Member States will struggle to meet this target, with around half of EU river catchments currently reporting below standard water quality. Diffuse pollution from agriculture represents a major pressure, affecting over 90% o...

Air quality and thermal stress lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Studies on morbidity and the combined impact of air pollution and thermal stress are still rare. To analyse the correlations between air quality, thermal stress and morbidity, we used a two-stage meta-analysis approach, consisting of a Poisson regression model combined with d...

Wheat stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) is a major threat in most wheat growing regions worldwide, which potentially causes substantial yield losses when environmental conditions are favorable. Data from 1999 to 2015 for three representative wheat-growing sites in Luxembourg were used to develop a threshold-based weather m...

Climate change will affect wheat crop production both in the main processes of plant growth and development and in the occurrences and severities of plant diseases. We assessed the potential infection periods of wheat leaf rust (WLR) in a changing climate at two climatologically different sites in Luxembourg using a threshold-based model for WLR. F...

Projected climate changes will affect wheat crop production both in the main processes of plant growth and development but also in the occurrences and severities of plant diseases. We assessed the potential infection periods of wheat leaf rust (WLR) at two climatologically differentsites in Luxembourg. A threshold-based model, taking hourlyvalues o...

The influences of air quality and thermal stress on hospital admissions due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are assessed using Poisson regression models combined with distributed lag nonlinear models (DLNMs). The use of corresponding indices is equally suited to the use of single metrics, thus gives the opportunity to facilitate communic...

Projected climate changes will affect wheat crop production both in the main processes of plant growth and development but also in the occurrences and severities of plant diseases. We assessed the potential infection periods of wheat leaf rust (WLR) at two climatologically differentsites in Luxembourg. A threshold-based model, taking hourlyvalues o...

Der prognostizierte Anstieg der Lufttemperaturen lässt eine Verfrühung des Austriebs und der letzten Frostereignisse im Frühjahr erwarten. Dabei zeigen die vorliegenden Datenanalysen, dass dieser Effekt für das Auftreten des letzten Frostes stärker ausgeprägt ist als für den Austrieb. Bis zum Ende des 21. Jahrhunderts ist in den Weinbergen im Mosel...

Wheat stripe rust (WSR) (caused by Puccinia striiformis sp. tritici) i continues to be a major threat in most wheat growing regions of the world, with potential to inflict regular yield losses where susceptible cultivars are grown and when weather conditions are favourable. A recently isolated strain of P. striiformis sp. tritici, ‘warrior’, first...

Wheat stripe rust (WSR) (caused by Puccinia striiformis sp. tritici) i continues to be a major threat in most wheat growing regions of the world, with potential to inflict regular yield losses where susceptible cultivars are grown and when weather conditions are favourable. A recently isolated strain of P. striiformis sp. tritici, ‘warrior’, first...

Wheat stripe rust (WSR) (caused by Puccinia striiformis sp. tritici) i continues to be a major threat in most wheat growing regions of the world, with potential to inflict regular yield losses where susceptible cultivars are grown and when weather conditions are favourable. A recently isolated strain of P. striiformis sp. tritici, ‘warrior’, first...

Wheat stripe rust (WSR) (caused by Puccinia striiformis sp. tritici) i continues to be a major threat in most wheat growing regions of the world, with potential to inflict regular yield losses where susceptible cultivars are grown and when weather conditions are favourable. A recently isolated strain of P. striiformis sp. tritici, ‘warrior’, first...

Wheat stripe rust (WSR) (caused by Puccinia striiformis sp. tritici) i continues to be a major threat in most wheat growing regions of the world, with potential to inflict regular yield losses where susceptible cultivars are grown and when weather conditions are favourable. A recently isolated strain of P. striiformis sp. tritici, ‘warrior’, first...

Projected climate change will cause increasing air temperatures affecting human thermal comfort. In the highly populated areas of Western-Central Europe a large population will be exposed to these changes. In particular Luxembourg—with its dense population and the large cross-border commuter flows—is vulnerable to changing thermal stress. Based on...

Agricultural production is directly affected by projected increases in air temperature and changes in precipitation. A multi-model ensemble of regional climate change projections indicated shifts towards higher air temperatures and changing precipitation patterns during the summer and winter seasons up to the year 2100 for the region of Goettingen...

The pollen beetle, Meligethes aeneus F. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae), is a severe pest of winter oilseed rape. A phenological model to forecast the first spring invasion of crops in Luxembourg by M. aeneus was developed in order to provide a tool for improving pest management and for assessing the potential effects of climate change on this pest. The...

New threshold-based models to predict the start of invasion by the stem-boring pest, the rape stem weevil (Ceutorhynchus napi Gyll.) of winter oilseed rape (WOSR, Brassica napus L.) were developed and compared to published models using long-term datasets on weather and weevil phenology from experimental locations in Germany and Luxembourg. Threshol...

1. Introduction The rape stem weevil, Ceutorhynchus napi Gyll, (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a severe pest in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) in Europe and can cause yield losses up to 50% (Williams 2010). Based on a refined model by Debouzie and Wimmer (1992), we analyzed interactions between meteorological variables and pest activity. This ne...

Our study confirms the general decrease in cold stress as well as the general increase in heat stress for the region of Luxemburg by analysing the bioclimatic indices PET and UTCI in detail. The analysis revealed that the change in stress levels is caused by significant trends in air temperature and relative humidity. Changes in cold stress tend to...

The cabbage stem weevil Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus (Mrsh.) (Col.: Curculionidae) is a common pest in oilseed rape Brassica napus L. throughout Europe. The abundance of the cabbage stem weevil was monitored in field surveys by using yellow water traps between 2007 and 2012 at five locations in Luxembourg. We forecast the abundance of the cabbage st...

Pendlerströme beeinflussen in einem hohen Maβe die lokale Luftqualität im deutsch luxemburgischen Grenzraum. Trendanalysen des Verkehrsaufkommens der letzten 25 Jahre zeigen statistisch hoch signifikante positive Trends. Neben dem arbeitsmarktbedingten Individualverkehr führen steuerliche Vorteile bei Kraftstoffen zu einem stetigen Strom von Tankto...