Jürgen Beckmann

Technische Universität München | TUM · Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences

The chapter provides an overview of self-regulation in competitive sports. Self-regulation refers to conscious as well as unconscious processes that ensure that goal-oriented activity or performance is maintained even when external or internal obstacles occur and impulses need to be controlled. Different facets of the concept and the basic function...

This book offers a thorough and accessible look into the importance of recovery in both staying healthy and performing well, and highlights the detrimental effects of underrecovery on physical and mental health. Internationally renowned experts from psychology, physiology, sport medicine, health, and sport science offer interdisciplinary analysis o...

Aim The growing number of mental health problems worldwide is alarming. Encouraging human–nature interactions (HNIs) could help to tackle this issue. For this reason, the aim of the present research was to investigate certain components that promote HNI in two groups of students with different socioeconomic positions (SEPs) in Mexico. HNIs describe...

Background: Fabry disease (FD) is a multi-organ disorder associated with severe physical and psychological impairments, particularly in adulthood. To date, comprehensive data on the psychological burden of FD are lacking. The present study assessed quality of life (QOL) in a representative cohort of adults with FD. Methods: Patient-reported outc...

Background: Improved treatment options for congenital heart disease (CHD) lead to a growing number of women with CHD at reproductive age. Due to physical and psychological burden, pregnancies in women with CHD often count for high-risk. Resulting emotional distress can adversely impact pregnancy, motherhood and fetal health. The present study aims...

The construct of “choking under pressure” is concerned with the phenomenon of unexpected, sudden, and significant declines in individual athletes’ performances in important situations and has received empirical attention in the field of sport psychology. Although a number of theories about the reasons for the occurrence of choking under pressure ex...

Background: Prefrontal asymmetry (PFA) describes the relative activity of the right PFC compared to the left PFC. It has been shown that PFA is associated with affective and motivational variables in several contexts, including sport and exercise. Considering the significant roles of affect and motivation in different performance settings, PFA migh...

Bringing together the world’s leading experts, this multi-disciplinary collection examines both the psychological and physiological dimensions to recovery from sport. Featuring chapters on overtraining, sleep, the relationship to injury, as well as the role of stress, this volume illustrates how performance, both as an individual and as a team, ca...

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund Es ist unklar, in welchem Umfang Beratung zu lebensstilbezogener Verhaltensänderung (BzlV) in Deutschland bereits in die physiotherapeutische Arbeit integriert ist und ob Physiotherapeut*innen die erforderlichen Kompetenzen aufweisen. Ziel Erfassung der Einstellung von Physiotherapeut*innen zur Gesundheitsförderung sowie...

Im Sport spielt neben der Motivation von Athleten auch Volition, welche häufig als Wille oder Selbstregulation beschrieben wird, eine entscheidende Rolle. Zur Volition wurden verschiedene Modelle entwickelt, die sich in einigen Facetten unterscheiden. Zahlreiche Studien der letzten 30 Jahre untersuchen den Einfluss volitionaler Aspekte auf sportlic...

Background Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disease worldwide and displays many atopic, but also non-atopic comorbidities. Among the latter, mental health disorders such as depression have been extensively studied. However, data on addictions is still rare. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the preva...

Dynamically squeezing the left hand (left hand dynamic handgrip) has been shown to be effective in preventing choking under pressure in right-handers in a variety of sports. The current study assessed the effectiveness of the left hand dynamic handgrip in preventing a loss of accuracy of tennis serves in competitive situations. Twenty right-handed...

Background: Stereotypes and false assumptions about chronic and visible skin diseases can determine the behavior towards affected individuals and result in stigmatization or discrimination. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the perceived disease-related stigmatization of individuals with psoriasis, atopic dermatitis or mastocytosis....

Background: The total number of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) can be estimated at 13 million, assuming a prevalence of 0.3% in a world population of about 4.4 billion people. The approximate number of ACHD is 1.4 million in the US, 2.3 million in the European Union, and approximately 330.000 in Germany. There are major research shortf...

Background: Due to advances in medical care and treatment of congenital heart disease (CHD), the number of adults with CHD (ACHD) is constantly growing. The psychological situation of ACHD has recently received increasing attention. There is evidence that adaptation to CHD may be affected by psychological factors, especially in how patients integra...

Background Although there is sufficient evidence that gender-based differences can influence treatment decisions and healthcare for adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD), there are major research shortfalls in this regard. The aim of this study was to assess these in a large ACHD cohort. Methods In this cross-sectional study, patient-reporte...

Background: The number of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) is steadily increasing. Over their life-time, many of the affected patients require medical rehabilitation after interventional or surgical treatment of residua, sequels or complications of their congenital heart defect (CHD). However, up to now only scarce data exist about indic...

Objective: The present cross-sectional study investigated quality of life (QOL) in a large cohort of German adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) in association with patient-related and clinical variables. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Participants: Between 2016 and 2019, a representative sample of 4,014 adults with various forms of CHD wa...

Für die gesundheitliche Versorgung von Erwachsenen mit angeborenen Herzfehlern (EMAH) bedarf es neben einer multiprofessionellen und spezialisierten medizinischen Behandlung auch Strategien für die Verwirklichung von ganzheitlichen Präventions- und Gesundheitsförderungspotentialen, die psychosoziale Aspekte einbeziehen. Um Gesundheitsbewusstsein un...

Prefrontal asymmetry (PFA) has originally been referred to as “affective style” and is said to be associated with an individual’s personality. Therefore, previous research focused on finding a link between PFA and trait variables associated with affective processing, such as the behavioral activation and inhibition systems (BAS/BIS). However, recen...

Volition is an essential component of sport and exercise. It comprises self-regulation processes complementing motivation to facilitate successful action. Therefore, sport psychological interventions or psychological skills training to a large degree involve volition. Essentially, three theoretical approaches to volition have stimulated sport psych...

Background: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a genetically determined multiorgan disease that leads to severe physiological and psychological impairments in adult life. Little consensus exists regarding quality of life (QOL) in individuals with MFS. The present study sought to investigate QOL in a representative cohort of adults with MFS. Methods: Patient-...

Objectives: The present study investigated quality of life (QOL) in a German sample of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) in association with clinical and sociodemographic variables. Methods: Patient reported outcome measures on demographic and clinical variables were retrospectively analyzed in a representative sample of 4,015 adults with...

Shared leadership is an emergent team phenomenon, emphasizing that it originates from the interaction of all team members. However, previous athlete leadership studies have focused on the individual level, omitting the role of team member interaction. In order to develop shared athlete leadership as an emergent team phenomenon, we utilized a soluti...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.550952.].

The prevention of mental illness such as depression in competitive sports is an important goal in empirical and applied sports psychology. In this context, the present study examines the extent to which the risk of depressive symptoms can be determined by measuring psychological variables. For implementation, an estimation model was set up based on...

In launching this Research Topic, our objective was to capture contemporary perspectives on the conceptualization and measurement of human-nature interactions, and advance future research perspectives. The ubiquitous nature of the challenge is exemplified by a diverse and expansive list of countries of our contributors, which ranges among 15 differ...

It is now well-established that physical activity has positive effects on both physical and mental health. However, the influence of organized physical activity (i.e., programs controlled and supervised by a trainer) on school adaptive behavior of adolescents with disabilities and/or behavioral disorders remains unclear. School behavior adaptation...

Gerade im Leistungssport kommt es oft darauf an, sich auf den Punkt zu konzentrieren, Leistungsreserven zu mobilisieren und den inneren Dialog positiv zu gestalten. All dies sind Beispiele für Selbstregulation. Menschen unterscheiden sich darin, wie gut ihnen eine solche Selbstregulation gelingt und auf welche Weise sie versuchen, sich selbst zu re...

It is now well established that physical activity has positive effects on physical and mental health. However, the influence of organized physical activity (i.e. programs controlled and supervised by a trainer) on school adaptive behavior of adolescents with disabilities and/or behavioral remains unclear. A cross sectional study was conducted to te...

Research has shown that contingent, distinct action effects have a beneficial influence on motor sequence performance. Previous studies showed the beneficial influence of task-irrelevant action effects from one modality (auditory) on motor sequence performance, compared to no task-irrelevant action effects. The present study investigated the influe...

Numerous previous studies using the dual-task methodology have indicated that the effect of attentional direction on the performance of motor skill differs as a function of skill levels. Whereas previous studies relied mostly on interindividual comparisons, this study focused on how the effects of different attentional conditions change within indi...

Heinz Heckhausen is one of the pioneers in achievement motivation research. He particularly shaped the German research in motivation after the second world war. His contributions to achievement orientation theorizing and research are substantial, leading to significant progress in the field. In his later work, he contributed significantly to the ad...

Causes of collective team collapse, the phenomenon when a team experiences a sudden and extreme underperformance from which it cannot recover, remain unexplained. Existing qualitative research indicates an association between negative affect and collective team collapse. To measure a collective team collapse occurring during a game and to gain a de...

Previous studies have linked unilateral hand contractions to subsequent changes in hemispheric asymmetric activity, as reflected in the electroencephalographic alpha (8 – 12 Hz) range in each hemisphere. However, debate continues regarding the state of asymmetry induced by unilateral contractions. We have previously found a bilateral enhancement of...

Athlete leadership researchers have typically investigated three dimensions of athlete leadership behaviors, which include the meta-categories of task-, social-, and externaloriented leadership. More recently, motivational leadership was added as a fourth dimension. Researchers in organizational leadership have advanced another dimension, referred...

Individuals differ in how they deal with their emotions after failure. While some stay in a negative mood for hours, others recover quickly. The present study investigates whether prefrontal alpha asymmetry (PFA) influences affective recovery and cognitive performance following failure. Forty-seven participants completed two mental rotation tasks s...

There exists a strong need for research in clinical sport psychology which does not merely gather information on prevalence rates for psychological disorders and case studies of affected athletes. Rather, research should also uncover the underlying psychological variables which increase the risk for depression and burnout in elite athletes. Many st...

Background: Due to advances in the diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart disease (CHD), the number of adults who are surviving with congenital heart disease (ACHD) is constantly growing. Until recently, the psychological e�ects of CHD had been widely neglected. Current research provides evidence for an increased risk of emotional distress in...

Evidence shows that using a pre-shot routine (PSR) improves performance in self-paced, closed skill tasks. A PSR is a set of cognitive and behavioral elements an athlete systematically engages in prior to performance execution (Cotterill, 2010). The present study describes the implementation and evaluation of a PSR intervention with elite pistol sh...

Pre-performance routines (PPRs) can be used in certain sports to minimize the effects of choking under pressure. This study aimed to investigate the cumulative effectiveness of PPR interventions on the accuracy of beach volleyball serves. Fifty-four beach volleyball players were randomly assigned to one of three PPR intervention groups or a control...

Der Leistungseinbruch in Wettkämpfen, das sogenannte „choking under pressure“, stellt ein großes Problem für viele Athleten dar. Es gibt verschiedene Erklärungsansätze für einen solchen Leistungseinbruch, die das Ablenkungspotenzial der Wettkampfsituation und eine störende Selbstaufmerksamkeit als Erklärungsfaktoren identifizieren. Unterschiedliche...

The aim of this document is to: 1. Highlight the prevalence of mental health problems and their symptoms in today's society. 2. Highlight specific socio-medical procedures to manage patients with different diagnoses and backgrounds. 3. Provide specific training methods to encourage patients in participating in sports activities. 4. Provide practiti...

“I think that I shall never see A poem lovely as a tree” Joyce Kilmer One of the most memorable moments during childhood is our first visit to a natural green or blue space. Our recollections of climbing a tree immersed in nature can resonate for many years. Similarly, the first time one gets hit by an ocean wave provides a robust memory that has...

“My business is to paint what I see, not what I know is there.” J.M.W Turner Lack of physical activity a major risk factor for global premature mortality and a large proportion of adults aged 18 years and over are insufficiently active worldwide. Therefore, there is an urgent need to tackle the problem of physical inactivity at a population leve...

Due to technological and medical advances the population of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) is constantly growing. Worldwide, congenital heart disease (CHD) affects 1.35–1.5 million children each year and the number of ACHD meanwhile exceeds the number of CHD children. It has been found that a substantial number of ACHD present problema...

Many performance situations, whether in everyday life or, e.g., in sports, require speeded responses. Reaction time (RT) in laboratory tasks—as an index of processing speed—can be improved through neurofeedback training (NFT). Learning to enhance the power of a high EEG frequency (> 10 Hz; e.g. beta band), suppressing a low frequency (< 10 Hz; e.g....

Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are a leading cause of morbidity in children with a high impact on the psychological health of parents. Possible short-term and long-term psychological problems among parents are addressed in the current paper. The diagnosis of CHD paired with subsequent surgical and interventional treatment and prolonged hospital st...

Objective: Many distressed cancer patients do not want or, finally, do not use psychological support. This study aimed at identifying factors associated with the decline of psychological support during hospital stay. Methods: This cross-sectional study included inpatients with different cancer diagnoses. Distress was assessed using the short form o...

Objectives: Two experimental studies were conducted to test and compare whether different pre-performance routines (i.e., left-hand dynamic handgrip and an extensive routine) can improve (and potentially have a combined effect on) accuracy in closed, self-paced motor tasks. Design/method: Study 1 used a standardised laboratory task to measure motor...

Angeborene Herzfehler (AHF) sind die häufigsten angeborenen Organanomalien. Dank medizinischer Fortschritte erreichen heutzutage fast alle Patienten das Erwachsenenalter. Trotz primär erfolgreicher Behandlungen können Rest- und Folgezustände sowie (nicht-)kardiale Komorbiditäten den chronischen Krankheitsverlauf beeinflussen und zu einer erhöhten M...

Collective team collapse occurs when multiple players of a sport team experience a sudden and extreme underperformance within a game and are unable to return to their initial performance level. The occurrence of such a team collapse event commonly leads to the loss of the game or championship. A recent study (Wergin et al., 2018) investigated athle...

This multi-case study approach explores nature connectedness, resilience and attitudes towards the environment and sustainability among extreme sport performers. Uniquely, the participants in order to be advocates for sustainable sporting activity waived their anonymity. The achievements of the sample include channel swims, summitting Everest, ski-...

In this chapter, we explore the aforementioned paradigm shifts and how they offer an ave nue for new research. We first elucidate what precisely “ mental imagery,” the parent construct of motor imagery, is and explain the research milestones that have elucidated our understanding of this complex topic. The construct of motor imagery has become a th...

Im sportlichen Kontext tritt Angst in verschiedenen Kontexten auf. Insbesondere vor und auch während eines Wettkampfs berichten Sportler Gefühle der Anspannung, Besorgnis und Nervosität. Wahrgenommene körperliche Veränderungen wie feuchtkalte Hände, beschleunigter Herzschlag und sogar Übelkeit gehen einher mit beunruhigenden Gedanken. Angst hat im...

Due to technological and medical advances the population of adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) is growing. Worldwide, congenital heart disease (CHD) affects 1.35–1.5 million children each year and more than 90% reach adulthood. Given the heterogeneity of CHD, survivors are faced with not only complex medical but also psychological challeng...

Purpose: Based on the trans-contextual model, two studies aimed to test whether autonomy-supportive physical education (PE) promotes autonomous motivation towards leisure-time physical activity among Chinese college students. Methods: Study 1 was conducted in September 2015 and used a cross-sectional design. Participants were students who provided...

Collective team collapse occurs when multiple players of a sport team experience a sudden and extreme underperformance within a game. To date, minimal research has been conducted on the causes of collective team collapse. Thus, goals of this study were to explore perceived causes of collective team collapse in different sports and to define team co...