Juan Pablo Sarmiento- Doctor of Medicine
- Research Professor at Florida International University
Juan Pablo Sarmiento
- Doctor of Medicine
- Research Professor at Florida International University
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82
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Introduction
Juan Pablo Sarmiento currently works at the Extreme Events Institute, Florida International University. Juan does research in Emergency Medicine, International and Humanitarian Medicine and Public Health. Their current project is 'Urban disaster risk interventions'.
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Publications
Publications (82)
A Richter magnitude 6.4 earthquake occurred near the Nevado del Huila volcano in southwestern Colombia on June 6, 1994, affecting an area both deforested and coincidentally saturated by heavy rains over preceding weeks. The earthquake and resultant landslides and mud flows killed an estimated 656 people and left thousands homeless, most of them non...
This study assesses the actual magnitude and scope of the impacts of the COVID-19 mitigation measures at the individual level, with special interest in subjective well-being (SWB), its relevance and how these negative effects are making it difficult to comply with the physical distancing policies. This is a comparative prospective cohort study cond...
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is currently one of the main obstacles to worldwide herd immunity and socioeconomic recovery. Because vaccine coverage can vary between and within countries, it is important to identify sources of variation so that policies can be tailored to different population groups. In this paper, we analyze the results from a survey...
El escenario de riesgo sistémico generado por la pandemia del COVID-19 obliga a revisar cómo los mecanismos de comunicación del riesgo son capaces de incidir en el comportamiento de las personas y, con ello, fomentar la adhesión a las medidas de autocuidado y de prevención de los contagios. Para evaluarlos, esta investigación analiza el caso de 4 c...
Este estudio evalúa la retención de conocimientos de los egresados de la quinta cohorte del Certificado en 'Planificación del desarrollo local, ordenamiento territorial y gestión del riesgo de desastres' (PDLOTGR), postgrado implementado en Latinoamérica durante el 2020 y 2021. Este es el segundo estudio sobre rendimiento académico del Certificado....
Ecosystem-based disaster risk reduction (Eco-DRR) measures are gaining attention as creative solutions to reduce community vulnerability against risks while providing multiple co-benefits. We evaluate an Eco-DRR, an afforestation effort, Boca de Sapo (hereafter, BdS), in a marginalized community in peri-urban Lima where we perform household surveys...
Due to dense social contacts, metropolises are considered as epicenters of contagious infectious diseases. Developing models for infection transmission and mitigation in metropolises is a challenging problem because of spatiotemporal variations in their population structures. Employing the fact that intra-urban mobility is mainly shaped by the tran...
Purpose
This study aims to assess knowledge retention of the graduates of the online graduate certificate on local development planning, land use management and disaster risk management (PDLOTGR, the abbreviation of the certificate's Spanish title). The certificate was offered to practitioners and faculty members of Latin American countries since 2...
This study assesses the dollar benefit of a neighborhood approach intervention on disaster risk reduction in small-sized, densely populated, and hazard-prone informal settlements across Latin American and Caribbean countries. We use a life satisfaction approach that assigns a dollar value to gains in wellbeing associated with the neighborhood appro...
El estudio analiza siete casos de regeneración urbana que incorporan medidas de gestión del riesgo en barrios expuestos a riesgos socionaturales. El artículo comienza con una introducción a los temas de regeneración urbana y gestión del riesgo, para luego enfocarse en el desempeño del programa de regeneración urbana “Quiero Mi Barrio” (PQMB) del Mi...
The 1998 Atlantic storm season will be remembered principally for two hurricanes: Georges and Mitch. Hurricane Georges was a September storm that was especially damaging to the Dominican Republic and then Haiti before making U.S. landfall in Mississippi. Hurricane Mitch was an October storm that followed an unusual track out of the southwest Caribb...
This paper explores how the existing urban land-use regulatory framework and its associated planning practices in Chile have contributed to disaster risk construction in urban areas. It uses Actor Network Theory as an analytical framework, and in-depth interviews and focus groups to analyse the existing urban land-use regulatory framework and its i...
Purpose
This paper examines disaster capitalism in Chile, that is, the relationships between disasters and neoliberalism. It looks at two post-disaster dimensions: disasters as windows of opportunity to introduce political reforms and disasters as occasions for the corporate class to capitalize on such disasters.
Design/methodology/approach
Two in...
Prácticamente ningún gobierno, institución o comunidad ha permanecido indiferente a la pandemia del COVID-19. Esta crisis ha sido señalada en muchos lugares como un ‘desastre’, por lo que se ha considerado apropiado hacer una breve reflexión sobre el significado y lecciones por aprender de esta pandemia en el contexto de los estudios sobre reducció...
Practically no government, institution or community has remained indifferent to the COVID-19 pandemic. This crisis has been pointed out in many places as a 'disaster'. For this reason, REDER has considered appropriate to dedicate a brief but necessary reflection on the meaning of and lessons to be learned from this pandemic in the context of Latin...
Purpose
This paper introduces the state of informal settlements in Latin America and the Caribbean, and it explores potential relationships between informal settlements and national policies on urban development and disaster risk reduction, especially on how risk governance and disaster resilience are conceived and practiced by governments.
Design...
Ante el incremento de asentamientos informales a nivel mundial y especialmente en la región de Latinoamérica y el Caribe (LAC), surge un interés particular para estudiar la gobernanza existente en la informalidad urbana. Luego de una extensa revisión de literatura se contrastan dos casos de estudio, uno de Chile y otro de seis países de LAC. Tradic...
Major conceptual and empirical advances over the past three decades have clarified how natural hazard events interact with community and human exposures and vulnerabilities to create risks that then become emergencies, disasters, or in the worst combinations, catastrophes. However, corresponding disaster risk reduction (DRR) knowledge and technolog...
This study explores risk transfer options that precarious and marginal urban communities could use to protect themselves from future damages and losses generated by socio-natural hazards and disasters at the individual and community levels. The design is framed within an evidence-based disaster risk reduction (DRR) strategy and follows the case stu...
The work explores the use of street network analysis on informal settlements and discusses the potential and limitations of this methodology to advance disaster risk reduction and urban resilience. The urban network analysis tool is used to conduct graph analysis measures on street networks in three informal settlements in the LAC region: Portmore,...
Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is key in strengthening resilience and achievement of sustainable development. The private sector is co-responsible for DRR: it is a generator of risks, and a subject exposed to risks. There are competing narratives in the literature regarding the relationship between business’ disaster experience and DRR. The current...
Purpose
This study seeks to understand how land tenure security and dwelling occupancy modes influence disaster risk reduction in precarious urban communities.
Design/methodology/approach
We conducted a comprehensive review of recent publications on the relationship between land tenure security, access to credit, housing improvements, and the expe...
Desde el año 2006 el Ministerio de Vivienda y Urbanismo (MINVU) de Chile avanzó en un proceso de regeneración urbana, entendida como una recuperación de áreas urbanas consolidadas que han experimentado un deterioro social y físico, sectores o barrios de la ciudad que comparten problemas de precariedad, acceso, inequidad, exclusión y frecuentemente...
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the evidence-based research strategy (EBRS) used to evaluate eight projects that applied the neighborhood approach for disaster risk reduction (NA-DRR) in informal urban settlements in Colombia, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica and Peru, between 2012 and 2017.
Design/methodology/approach
The study...
Los procesos acelerados e informales de urbanización a nivel global y el aumento de personas viviendo en zonas expuestas a amenazas presentan un problema social mayor que necesita una relectura de la precariedad urbana desde una perspectiva de reducción de riesgo. El presente estudio aborda el análisis de 23 modelos de medición de precariedad urban...
RESUMEN Los procesos acelerados e informales de urbanización a nivel global y el aumento de personas vi-viendo en zonas expuestas a amenazas presentan un problema social mayor que necesita una re-lectura de la precariedad urbana desde una perspectiva de reducción de riesgo. El presente estudio aborda el análisis de 23 modelos de medición de precari...
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the current and projected impacts of the three post-2015 development agendas on the underlying disaster risk drivers (UDRD): the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, the Sustainable Development Goals, and the Paris COP21 Agreement.
Design/methodology/approach
The methodology is based on an...
The goal of this evaluation is to improve the understanding of the Urban Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) programming carried out in Latin America and The Caribbean, and supported by the United States Agency for International Development's Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID/OFDA). The study focused on eight DRR projects awarded by USAID...
El objetivo de esta evaluación es mejorar la comprensión del Programa de Reducción del Riesgo de Desastres (RRD) Urbano llevado a cabo en Latinoamérica y el Caribe (LAC), y apoyado por la Oficina de los Estados Unidos de Asistencia para Desastres en el Extranjero de la Agencia para el Desarrollo Internacional (USAID/OFDA). El estudio se enfocó en o...
Revista de Estudios Latinoamericanos sobre Reducción del Riesgo de Desastres (ISSN: 0719-8477). El trabajo busca ofrecer una vista general, actualizada, pero también crítica de los asentamientos informales en América Latina y el Caribe, e identificar y explorar posibles tendencias entre los diferentes países con respecto a la gobernanza y resilienc...
This work aims to create a risk disaster management index to measure how government institutions are dealing with disasters beyond legal and normative regulations advancing toward enforcement and implementation. With the complexity of the disaster risk management concept and its scope in mind, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology was us...
Este estudio explora el impacto actual y proyectado de las tres agendas de desarrollo pos-2015 en los determinantes del riesgo de desastres: el Marco de Sendai para la Reducción del Riesgo de Desastres, los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible, y el Acuerdo de Paris COP21. La metodología se basa en un proceso ontológico, entendido éste como un anális...
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of a post-project review (PPR) method designed to verify the accomplishments of urban disaster risk reduction-neighborhood approach (DRR-NA) projects after at least one year of project closeout. The PPR revisited the essential processes identified during project implementation and analyzed...
About 15% of the world’s population suffers from some kind of disability. In addition to experiencing high rates of poverty, exclusion and lack of access to education, employment, health care, legal support and other services, individuals with disabilities are disproportionately affected by disasters, recording a mortality rate two to four times hi...
Disaster risk results from the interaction between hazards and vulnerabilities, but there are considerable variations in how vulnerability and its three dimensions (exposure, fragility, and resilience) are conceptualized and measured. This study demonstrates how certain bio-indicators allow an objective, direct, and efficient measurement of a popul...
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to map out and characterize existing health-promotion initiatives at Florida International University (FIU) in the USA in order to inform decision makers involved in the development of a comprehensive and a long-term healthy university strategy.
Design/methodology/approach
This study encompasses a narrative lite...
A significant increase in the impacts caused by extreme events, of both natural and anthropogenic origin, has been observed in recent decades at a global scale. Chile is no exception to this dynamic. Hazards of various origins and their interactions with socioeconomic, urban, and demographic changes, combined with governance issues have led to a si...
Looking for windows of opportunity to mainstream disaster risk management within business education, in 2015, the United Nations Office for Disaster Reduction's (UNISDR) Private Sector Alliance for Disaster Resilient Societies (ARISE), partnered with Florida International University's Extreme Events Institute (FIU-EEI) and 12 international leading...
It is safe to say that building disaster resilience by preparing for disasters with a business continuity plan is vital for small business to thrive in the long run. More often than not, small business owners invest large sums of money, time, and resources to make their ventures successful and yet, many of them fail to properly plan and prepare for...
Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to provide an analysis of sistematización’s use as a research tool in the operationalization of a “neighborhood approach” to the implementation of disaster risk reduction (DRR) in informal urban settlements.
Design/methodology/approach
– The first section highlights sistematización’s historical origins in La...
A study on the private sector and disaster risk reduction (DRR) was conducted in six cities of the Americas: Bogotá (Colombia), Miami, Florida (United States), San José (Costa Rica), Santiago (Chile), Kingston (Jamaica), and Vancouver (Canada). The study was led by FIU and supported by USAID/OFDA and the UNISDR, with collaboration from researchers...
This publication builds on real experiences in disaster risk management (DRM) and reflects a longstanding interest in promoting DRM in the Latin American and Caribbean region by Florida International University (FIU) and the United States Agency for International Development’s Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance (USAID/OFDA). The publication...
The problem is that disaster risk reduction (DRR) is still more a zone of political darkness than of light. Therefore, the purpose of our contribution to this theme issue is to illuminate at least some of that zone of political darkness and to suggest a more proactive, but for many career professionals a personally problematic, way forward for DRR....
This study on risk and disaster management capacities of four Caribbean countries: Barbados, the Dominican Republic, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago, examines three main dimensions: 1) the impact of natural disasters from 1900 to 2010 (number of events, number of people killed, total number affected, and damage in US$); 2) institutional assessment...
This publication's objective is to improve the health sector's response for future major disasters. It focuses on the first three months of the response after the January 2010 earthquake in Haiti and analyses the situation in the country prior to the disaster, including its state of vulnerability, risk reduction and preparedness, as well as its soc...
The 1998 Atlantic storm season will be remembered principally for two hurricanes: Georges and Mitch. Hurricane Georges was a September storm that was especially damaging to the Dominican Republic and then Haiti before making U.S. landfall in Mississippi. Hurricane Mitch was an October storm that followed an unusual track out of the southwest Caribb...
