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Publications (117)
Prior research has shown conflicting findings on decision-making differences between autistic and non-autistic individuals. To address this issue, we applied the Ultimatum and Dictator Games to examine explicit measures (probability of endorsing monetary offers) and implicit measures (response times) associated with decision-making behaviors. By an...
A new experiment tested — and confirmed — the hypothesis that being the perpetrator of the discrimination of the minority subsequently makes one perceive this minority as more threatening. The experimental procedure assumed that the act of marking corrections of the linguistic errors of a person was a performative act that improves the image of com...
Gypsies have been a persecuted minority for more than five centuries. Our paper examines how exposing Spaniard participants to information according to which they personally, or their ingroup collectively, discriminate against the Gypsy minority influences (i) their attitudes toward the Gypsy minority (e.g., experience of collective guilt or suppor...
Gypsies have been a marginalized and persecuted minority for more than five centuries. The experiment carried out compares the influence of a victimized minority-which accommodates itself to the prevailing society of victims-with an active minority that opts for vindicate the rights that are already guaranteed to the majority of individuals by soci...
Gypsies have been a marginalized and persecuted minority for more than five centuries. The experiment carried out compares the influence of a victimized minority-which accommodates itself to the prevailing society of victims-with an active minority that opts for vindicate the rights that are already guaranteed to the majority of individuals by soci...
In contrast to the classic theory of contact among groups to combat prejudice against the outgroup (Allport, 1954), we propose the theory of the taboo of contact according to which prejudice against minorities does not arise due to lack of contact, but precisely in order to avoid contact. We summarise a series of themata whereby in the West the maj...
We organized recently an international workshop in Greece, to confront our ideas about two major theories of Serge Moscovici. The theory of social representations (1961) and the theory of minority influence (1976). It was a question of tracing the perspectives of the legacy he had left us. This book is the collective trace of this work. It is organ...
This special issue of PSR focuses on the social representations of SARS or Covid- 19. The first study by Pizarro and colleagues analyzes the prevalence of social representations about the Covid-19 pandemic in 17 countries in the Americas, Europe and Asia, their association with perceived risk and their anchoring in sociopolitical beliefs, such as R...
This special issue of PSR focuses on the social representations of SARS or Covid- 19. The first study by Pizarro and colleagues analyzes the prevalence of social representations about the Covid-19 pandemic in 17 countries in the Americas, Europe and Asia, their association with perceived risk and their anchoring in sociopolitical beliefs, such as R...
Cartografías de la pandemia en tiempos de crisis civilizatoria.
Aproximaciones a su entendimiento desde México y América Latina. Incluye articulos sobre las politicas estatales y dinamicas socioeconomicas en varios países de AL, como Mejico, Brasil y Argentina (p.e. La crisis del nuevo coronavirus en América Latina:
control social, economía capital...
En este capítulo definiremos qué son las representaciones sociales y cómo la
experiencia de enfermedades infecciosas influye a las representaciones hegemónicas
o colectivas que constituyen la cultura. Posteriormente se examinan las
modalidades de comunicación que explican la forma y contenido de las representaciones
sociales sobre el COVID-19 para...
This special issue of PSR focuses on the social representations of SARS or Covid- 19. The first study analyzes the prevalence of social representations about the Covid-19 pandemic in 17 countries in the Americas, Europe and Asia, their association with perceived risk and their anchoring in sociopolitical beliefs, such as RWA and SDO. The second and...
This is a reflection on the communication modalities of dissemination, propagation and propaganda as they have manifested in the COVID-19 pandemic. It describes the anchoring of the representations of COVID-19 in past diseases, other nationalities, anti-hygienic practices and groups deviating from the ethos of individualistic self-control. It exami...
La psicología social tiene como objeto de estudio abordar precisamente este tipo de
situaciones, en las que los hechos sociales y la psicología están estrechamente unidos. Por eso,hemos solicitado a diez especialistas de nuestro ámbito que realizaran una pequeña reflexión sobre lo que, desde su campo de investigación, nuestra disciplina podría apor...
En este monográfico se presentan 10 propuestas teóricas sobre la forma en que la Psicología Social puede —potencialmente— ayudar a afrontar la pandemia del COVID-19. En concreto, en estas propuestas se discute: a) cómo se podrían utilizar distintos modelos teóricos para entender mejor la pandemia, sus consecuencias y cómo afrontarlas; b) la importa...
En este monográfico se presentan 10 propuestas teóricas sobre la forma en que la Psicología Social puede —potencialmente— ayudar a afrontar la pandemia del COVID-19. En concreto, en estas propuestas se discute: a) cómo se podrían utilizar distintos modelos teóricos para entender mejor la pandemia, sus consecuencias y cómo afrontarlas; b) la importa...
Paraphrasing the book Purity and Danger by Douglas (1966), this chapter analyses the relationships between the majority and the minority in terms of threat and purity. The majority will do everything possible to remain pure; in other words, not to mix with the minority ontologised as wild (i.e. closer to nature than to the majority culture). The ta...
Esta es una versión ampliada del artículo del mismo título que será publicada en la Revista de Psicología Social, ahora International Journal of Social Psychology, que incluye párrafos que no han sido sometidos a la revisión de pares, así como le bibliografía es mucho mas extensa. This is an expanded version of the paper that will Social representa...
Une question posée aux chercheurs Ce qu'on appelle un être humain, qu'est-ce donc ? Bien des gens pensent que cette question est à la racine des sciences humaines et sociales (voir : Cyrulnik, 1998). Les multiples discours (religieux, anthropologiques, philosophiques, biologiques…) qui y répondent, souvent normatifs, ne visent guère une mise en per...
Pérez, J., Kalampalikis, N., Lahlou, S., Jodelet, D., Apostolidis, T. (2019). In memoriam: Serge Moscovici (1925-2014). In N. Kalampalikis et al. (Eds.), Serge Moscovici. Un regard sur les mondes communs (pp. 251-263). Paris, Éditions de la MSH.
The model of three interrelated social entities proposed by Gabriel Mugny to account for the role of active minorities in social innovation and change retains all its relevance and heuristic value (cf. Mugny, 1982). However, the fight of the civil rights movements of the ’60s transformed the moral perspective from which the majority regards their o...
EBSP, Volume 27, No. 1, May 2015 – special issue in honour of Serge Moscovici -
Editors: Jean-Claude Croizet, Manuela Barreto & Sibylle Classen
This collection of tributes to Serge Moscovici is meant to complement other initiatives EASP is currently developing, by bringing together personal reflections on how Moscovici influenced the life and thou...
« Il y a des moments privilégiés où, jetant un regard rétrospectif sur sa vie, un homme découvre à quel point ce qui apparaît aux autres comme une carrière a été pour lui une longue suite d’improvisations et d’étonnements ». Ce sont les premières paroles prononcées par Serge Moscovici à Berne en 2003, lors de la réception du prestigieux prix Balzan...
Pérez, J.A., Kalampalikis, N., Lahlou, S., Jodelet, D., & Apostolidis, T. (2015). In memoriam Serge Moscovici (1925-2014). European Bulletin of Social Psychology, 27(1), 3-14.
Three experiments examined how self‐consciousness has an impact on the visual exploration of a social field. The main hypothesis was that merely a photograph of people can trigger a dynamic process of social visual interaction such that minority images are avoided when people are in a state of self‐reflective consciousness. In all three experiments...
This paper reviews the research which introduces the intergroup dimension into the study of social influence processes, those of minorities in particular. After discussing the complexity of the intergroup context that presides over the diffusion of an innovation, the authors propose that social influence, categorization and identification processes...
Society consists of numerous interconnected, interacting, and interdependent groups, which differ in power and status. The consequences of belonging to a more powerful, higher-status 'majority' versus a less powerful, lower-status 'minority' can be profound, and the tensions that arise between these groups are the root of society's most difficult p...
In this paper, we develop the theory of ontologization: Social representations that prevent members of minority and majority groups who are living in contact with each other to mingle. The process of ontologization consists of separating some humans from their own species, and anchoring them in another environment, that of an animal, for example. W...
This paper relies on social psychology to explain the nature of social "cryptomnesia". "Cryptomnesia" means that, despite selectivity and social resistance to innovation, minority views can induce transformations in perceptions, without being credited with having done so. The proposed analytic model calls for three sets of notions. 1. Accounting fo...
The goal of this paper is to open a new stream on what could be called ‘soft enforcement’ for the control of road traffic violations. To our view in spite of the obvious theoretical differences among the psychological perspectives applied to traffic issues, from the more traditional and utterly individualistic ones early on the XX century (the acci...
This article presents the idea that during the 1990s an important change took place in relation between minorities and majorities: the emergence of minorities as victims alongside the formerly predominant active, militant minorities. A hypothesis is raised that these two types of minorities differ in their agenda as well as in the nature of the inf...
The concept of this article is that the symbolic relationships between human beings and animals serve as a model for the relationships between the majority and the ethnic minority. We postulate that there are two representations that serve to organize these relationships between human beings and animals: a domestic and a wild one. If the domestic a...
Une question posée aux chercheurs Ce qu'on appelle un être humain, qu'est-ce donc ? Bien des gens pensent que cette question est à la racine des sciences humaines et sociales (voir : Cyrulnik, 1998). Les multiples discours (religieux, anthropologiques, philosophiques, biologiques…) qui y répondent, souvent normatifs, ne visent guère une mise en per...
Se estudia la relación entre asimilación cultural de una minoría y el prejuicio hacia ella. Se desarrolla la hipótesis de un prejuicio genealógico: una jerarquía social anclada en una representación temporal del grupo. En un experimento 2 (minoría gitana sedentarizada frente a nómada) x 2 (temporal de la práctica cultural de la minoría (pretérita f...
Most road safety studies in Psychology end up building on individual factors. In opposition to this framework it is argued that driver behavior is ruled by metasystems of moral reasoning. The hypothesis tested is that the more people prefer living in a society where social relationships are organized following a principle of horizontal relationship...
A func tionalist approach still prevails in road safety research, its main assumption being that a minority of drivers, characterised by certain traits, are to be blamed for a majority of road accidents. An interactionist approach opposing this view follows, presenting the observation of traffic laws in terms of two sociomoral reasoning systems: th...
En los estudios sobre los accidentes de tráfico predomina un enfoque funcionalista: se presupone que el problema lo crea una minoría de conductores, con un perfil personal específico. Frente a ese enfoque se plantea un enfoque interaccionista. Se propone una conceptualización del respeto del código de la circulación en términos de dos sistemas de r...
Los estudios sobre el racismo indican que en la actualidad en el contexto occidental predomina la discriminación latente sobre la manifiesta. Aún replicándose este patrón, también se observa que unas minorías son más discriminadas que otras. Se plantea que el enfoque de las representaciones sociales puede resultar más adecuado que los enfoques acti...
Se presentan tres estudios que ponen a prueba que el uxoricidio (el marido que mata a su mujer) puede responder a un conflicto de mentalidades entre la cultura del honor y la liberación de la mujer. Esta hipótesis surge de un primer estudio estadístico sobre la evolución del uxoricidio y parricidio entre 1980 y 1999, donde se observa que el número...
A partir de una muestra de fumadores habituales de cigarrillos, el estudio que se presenta analiza el efecto del acuerdo inicial con el mensaje persuasivo antitabaco (bajo vs. alto), del estatus de la fuente (experto vs. no experto) y del grado de convicción del sujeto (feedback persuasivo: positivo vs. negativo). Dos medidas de influencia han sido...
A perseguic;ao das minorias é um fenómeno universal, assumindo formas particulares em cada cultura, de acordo com o carácter político, étnico, sexual, etc., da minoria alvo dessa perseguic;ao. Ahistória da Europa, nomea damente, conhece numerosos casos de minorias que sofreram a perseguic;ao do Estado, da Igreja, ou dos partidos no poder. A lnquis...
O conjunto de tetos que integram este livro, todos eles construídos a partir de estudo empíricos, visa contribuir para uma análise do racismo em Portugal, que vá para além das perguntas irrelevantes sobre quantos racistas há no nosso país, se há mais racistas aqui do que noutros lados, ou se os portugueses são ou não racistas. A perspectiva compara...
Three exploratory studies examine adjustment of the cognitive system to the change or innovation introduced by the metric system. These studies begin from the supposition that two norms of reference may coexist when nonexperts have to estimate the length of a line: The anthropocentric. the more ancient and natural norm, and the geocentric metrical...
In this study 88 smokers were exposed to an anti-smoking argument from a source with either higher or lower status. Smoking was not allowed for half of the subjects during the
experimental session. The other half were permitted to smoke; as a result some did and some did not. Three measures were examined: the pre- to post-test change in overt agree...
One hundred and fifty-five participants had to solve a set of 2–4–6 like reasoning problems (Wason, 1960), in which they were told which hypothesis a majority (or a minority) proposed, as well as which example was used for the test. In a 2 × 2 design, participants were also told that the problems allowed either one single correct answer or several...
Does the mood of the time (Zeitgeist) facilitate the influence minorities are able to exercise, or is it itself direct product of minority influence? It is argued, from a social psychological definition of the minority–majority relation, that the former interpretation fails to explain many of the observed effects and in particular the conversion ef...
10.1002/ejsp.2420250109In a 2 × 2 × 2 design, eighty smokers were exposed to an anti‐smoking appeal attributed either to an expert source (superior status) or a minority source (inferior status). Subjects were either allowed or not to smoke during the experiment. In addition subjects had to memorize part of the appeal and a recall task either follo...
In a 2 × 2 × 2 design, eighty smokers were exposed to an anti-smoking appeal attributed either to an expert source (superior status) or a minority source (inferior status). Subjects were either allowed or not to smoke during the experiment. In addition subjects had to memorize part of the appeal and a recall task either followed after reading the a...
Studied whether divergent judgments resulting from some form of social diversity can induce socio-epistemic conflicts if the situation is dominated by a unique and exclusive representation of the object. 96 White adult Ss participated in a study involving the suggestion of racial differences in perception of geometrical figures. The study illustrat...
Se presenta un experimento (plan 2x2x2; N = 180) en el que se estudia la influencia directa e indirecta de una minoría en función: a) del grado de conflicto inducido por la retórica minoritaria; b) de si los jucicios mayoritarios son independientes o interdependientes; c) de las implicaciones altas o bajas del cambio de actitudes. Los resultados mu...
Ninety-three students were exposed to majority and minority influence in an inductive reasoning task. The former induced convergent thinking processes, though its effects were not reducible to mere compliance. The latter activated more divergent constructive processes, supporting the predictions of Conversion Theory.
In a 2 × 2 design, 85 subjects were asked to estimate the size of angles (direct influence) that were either 90 or 85°, after being confronted with incorrect judgements of a majority (88 per cent) or a minority (12 per cent) of people estimating the angles at 50°. Additionally, pre- and post-test measures were used to establish indirect influence o...
A first experiment examined the effects of two methods of dividing resources between Swiss nationals and foreign residents in a study involving 118 subjects. Subjects gave judgments involving either interdependent allocation (resources allocated to the outgroup cannot be allocated to the ingroup) or independent allocation. The results indicated tha...
Moscovici, S., Pérez, J.A., & Mugny, G. (1991). Effets de résistance à une source experte ou minoritaire et changement d'attitude. Revue Suisse de Psychologie, 50(4), 260-267.
El fenómeno de la conversión abarca cualquier forma imaginable de cambio de opinión o de representación. Sea inconsciente, diferido o indirecto, necesariamente ese cambio es el resultado de una influencia, la cual, si no es exclusivo de las minorías activas, al menos está frecuentemente asociado a ellas.
Traducción de: Psychologie de la conversion...
