Juan carlos Jauregui

Autonomous University of Queretaro · Facultad de Ingeniería

This paper analyzes vibration data that shows sudden amplitude changes due to non-stationary load conditions. The data were recorded in a wind turbine that operated under gusty winds and showed high peaks during short periods. Data were analyzed with the auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) algorithm, and the results were compared to t...

This chapter describes the sensor’s time response and its effect on the machine’s dynamic. It also describes the dynamic response of the most common sensors utilized in automatic machines and specifies accuracy and time response values. The sensors in this chapter are related to the position and speed measurement and control, identifying other char...

Analyzing the simulation results is a crucial factor for determining an automatic machine's stability, accuracy, and repetitiveness. The operating conditions depend on many uncontrolled factors, such as ambient temperature, noise, surrounding vibration, and electric power fluctuations. The effect of these factors can be diminished if the time respo...

This chapter presents an overview of the basis for multibody dynamics. The best representation of an automated machine is analyzing it as a multibody system composed of rigid masses interacting through elastic elements and receiving external forces from different actuators. The first step in determining the dynamic equations is the definition of th...

This chapter presents the dynamic models of automatic machines’ most commonly used actuators. The models are developed based on their physics and treated as lumped mass systems or discrete systems. Only DC electric motors are presented; they represent the majority of electric motors used in automatic machines, and their dynamic behavior is the basi...

This chapter includes the dynamic models of the machine elements that connect the actuators with the end effects. Chapter 2 described the basic dynamic modeling of automated machines. The modeling was developed using the fundamental concepts of multibody dynamics. In most applications, the elements that connect different components of the automated...

The dynamic models are complex and highly nonlinear; thus, finding an automatic machine's time response requires numerical solutions. There are several forms of finding the time response of complex systems, in particular when combining different components. This chapter presents the dynamic response of automatic machines widely used in industrial a...

The importance of solving dynamic models with simulation tools has been discussed. This chapter presents different numerical integration techniques widely used for simulating dynamic equations. It also presents the advantages and disadvantages of the numerical methods and describes the mathematical background and the algorithm procedures. The secon...

This paper presents the Flipped Classroom Methodology applied to teaching Machine Design. The document answers a question regarding teaching Machine Design in virtual media. The Flipped Classroom Methodology combines new technological tools with disruptive teaching concepts, plus the student's ability to search for information within the net. The t...

The dynamic response of a vehicle during braking is influenced by the tangential forces developed at the wheel-rail’s contact surface. The friction coefficient affects the load transfer from the wheel’s tread to the vehicle. In this work, the vibrations of a scale-down railway vehicle are monitored during braking and their relationship with the fri...

This paper presents a detailed analysis of a previous work that described the dynamic behavior of an antique stamp mill. The stamp mill application was for breaking ore stones as part of silver production. The dynamic analysis was established from a modern description of the kinematic chain. Since there is no technical data or archeological reports...

Correction to: Chapter “Carlos López-Cajún (1948 -2020)” in: M. Ceccarelli and A. Gasparetto (eds.), Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science, History of Mechanism and Machine Science 41, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18288-4_4

Prof. Carlos López-Cajún has been a prestigious figure, who has been admired worldwide also for his unique attitude to combine friendships and scientific activity in working the true spirit of IFToMM for collaboration, sharing, and improving the technology for the benefit of the society in the welfare of human beings. Prof. Carlos López-Cajún has b...

Deformable blades are an option for load alleviation and power improvement for Horizontal Wind Turbines. The advantage of using a deformable blade is the load alleviation, the reduction of fatigue loads, and a small increment in power generation. The main drawback is the cost of the mechanical actuators and the need for special materials. Implement...

Nowadays, it is necessary to generate electrical energy using renewable natural resources even when the wind is limited. Small wind turbines are required to operate even with turbulence due to operation height. In this research, a fuzzy logic controller for the angular position of the blades in a wind turbine is proposed. The pitch system regulates...

This paper presents a method for processing acceleration data registered on a train and determining the health condition of a subway’s substructure. The acceleration data was converted into a dynamic deformation by applying a transfer function defined using the Empirical Mode Decomposition Method. The transfer function was constructed using data pr...

This chapter presents a method for identifying the dynamic response of vehicles (railcars) running on a rail track. The method is based on the recurrence plots developed from the phase diagram (phase plane). The phase plane is constructed using Hamilton’s principle for a single-mass system. The state variables are estimated from acceleration measur...

Hunting is a potentially dangerous phenomenon related to the lateral oscillation of the wheels that impacts the rails and causes the wear of the infrastructure’s components. Therefore, the analysis and timely detection of hunting can lead to the application of corrective maintenance tasks, reducing damages, and costs and even derailments as a resul...

Robotics and autonomous systems are reshaping the world, changing healthcare, food production and biodiversity management. While they will play a fundamental role in delivering the UN Sustainable Development Goals, associated opportunities and threats are yet to be considered systematically. We report on a horizon scan evaluating robotics and auton...

This paper contributes to the understanding of the design and operation of antique mechanisms that worked in the silver mines before the industrial revolution. The work presented here describes the design principle and the kinematics and dynamics of a stamp mill. The stamp mill was used for breaking ore stones before extracting the silver with merc...

This paper presents the study of the impact caused by a liquid cargo on a railway infrastructure. The dynamic behavior of a tank car corresponds to a multibody dynamic system with several degrees of freedom. This study's data were obtained from a scale experimental fixture consisting of a track and a railcar with a tank. The track was instrumented...

Civil structures, despite structural design considerations, with the passage of time and lack of maintenance can suffer damage during their useful life, so their continuous, safe and economically productive operation can be affected; within this framework of guaranteeing structural integrity, it is essential to implement strategies that ensure opti...

This article describes the data related to co-enrollment density (CD), a new network clustering index, that can predict persistence and graduation. The data hold the raw results and charts obtained with the algorithm for CD introduced in "Co-Enrollment Density Predicts Engineering Students' Persistence and Graduation: College Networks and Logistic...

The friction and imbalance of components in rotating machines are some of the most recurrent failures that significantly increase vibration levels, thus affecting the reliability of the devices, the shelf life of its elements, and the quality of the product. There are many publications related to the different techniques for the diagnosis of fricti...

Citation: Torres-Contreras, I.; Jáuregui-Correa, J.C.; Echeverría-Villagómez, S.; Benítez-Rangel, J.P.; Camacho-Martínez, S. Diagnosis of Friction on an Unbalanced Rotor by Phase-Shift Empirical Mode Decomposition Integration and Recurrence Plot. Appl. Sci. 2021, 11, 7973. https://doi.

This article presents the analysis of the performance of a flexible wind turbine blade. The simulation analysis is based on a 3 m span blade prototype. The blade has a flexible surface and a cam mechanism that modifies the aerodynamic profile and adapts the surface to different configurations. The blade surface was built with a flexible fiberglass...

Civil infrastructures are one of the fundamentals pillars for the optimal functioning of modern society. Despite the considerations used in structural design, time and scarce maintenance can lead to the deterioration of structures; hence, the loss of their continuous, safe and economic operation is not achieved. Structural monitoring systems make i...

The industry uses machining process monitoring to predict the tool’s life and workpiece quality. Its accuracy and prediction are crucial for producing higher quality parts and keeping productivity. Process monitoring systems measure the machining process in real time through several strategically placed sensors on the machine tool. The difference b...

The energy sector is one of the fields of interest for different nations around the world. Due to the current fossil fuel crisis, the scientific community develops new energy-saving experiences to address this concern. Buildings are one of the elements of higher energy consumption, so the generation of knowledge and technological development may of...

Wind energy is an alternative to meet the growing energy demand and protect the environment; however, in places with limited wind resources, only the installation of small horizontal-axis wind turbines (SHAWTs) is profitable. At the height of these turbines, the wind is usually unstable with gusts and turbulence due to obstacles in its path such as...

This paper proposes a novel diffuser design for Diffuser Augmented Wind Turbines (DAWT) based on the blunt trailing edge airfoil AF300. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are carried out to measure the performance of the AF300 diffuser against diffusers made with the shape of other high performance low wind speed airfoils. The results s...

For fault diagnosis and predictive maintenance of rotating machinery, the phase errors generated by the integration processing of a vibration signal are an essential investigation subject. Phase errors affect the solution of mechanical systems with multiple vibration sources and also the information transmitted through the vibration that is used fo...

This paper addresses the design of control architecture for a robotic finger, achieved by a proper and specific kinematic and dynamic modeling. The proposed model permits force feedback prediction, based on the input motor torque, preventing the usage of force sensors for achieving a proper grasping force control. Hardware and software of the propo...

The production of electricity by renewable means is necessary to meet the growing energy demand and to protect the environment. Wind energy is an alternative, however, in places with a limited wind resource only the installation of small horizontal Axis wind turbines (SHAWT) is profitable. At rotor height, in this size of turbines, the wind is usua...

The purpose of the present document is to describe a design proposal for a flexible blade that can adapt its aerodynamic profile and fulfill the “Shape-Morphing concept.” The design is based on the analysis of the geometrical changes that a specific baseline aerodynamic profile must undergo during the shape-morphing process to another aerodynamic p...

Bringing electricity to areas of difficult terrain is a complicated task, so it is convenient to generate power using local natural resources, such as wind, through a small horizontal-axis wind turbine (S-HAWT). However, at the rotor height of these wind turbines, the wind is often turbulent due to obstacles such as trees and buildings. For a turbi...

A novel method to solve nonlinear contact between two bodies with plane strain behavior is presented in this paper. This method is based on the Boundary Integral Equation (BIE) and the Isogeometric Analysis (IGA). Unlike works that divide the boundary into elements, this method evaluates it as a single element, reducing the degrees of freedom in th...

Vibrations of a machine produce complex signals that do not have a unique sinusoidal shape but are composed of various signals correlated with each other, with different frequency amplitudes and phases. Furthermore, there are vibrations whose waveform has no apparent order. The correlation between signals makes necessary its analysis through mathem...

This chapter describes the application of conditioning monitoring systems (CMS). CMS has evolved from predictive maintenance programs and their effects on productivity and product quality. They are based on periodic monitoring of the operating conditions of the machines and the application of techniques to estimate the expected life remaining in ea...

Condition monitoring is an evolution of predictive maintenance or proactive maintenance. The origin is difficult to define, but predictive maintenance has made enormous progress over the last few decades. Nowadays, it has been addressed as one of the most innovative solutions for anticipating failures in machinery and is being used by a wide variet...

A typical monitoring system of machinery is composed of a spectra analyzer, a computer, a data-handling program, and the transducers. The monitoring system must allow the recording and handling of data in an automated form. It should be possible to obtain accurate and reliable operational tendencies of the components of the different machines. Ther...

One of the fundamental requirements to achieve optimal predictive maintenance is identifying the least expensive methods to monitor the critical operational parameters of equipment, machinery, and systems to prevent possible future failures. To identify these parameters, it is necessary to know the overall functioning of equipment, machinery, and t...

The imbalance is the most common dynamic failure that affects rotating machines. It causes additional energy consumption, high levels of vibration, and noise. This failure is especially critical in equipment operating at high speeds because the centrifugal force generated can cause catastrophic damage. Reducing imbalance is of high industrial impor...

In this chapter, the monitoring of equipment operating in industrial plants is presented. These examples illustrate the application of the concepts presented before and guide the reader to follow practical cases of machinery diagnosis. The diagnoses are based on the study of their vibration signals and spectra. This chapter complements the concepts...

The basis for most conditioning monitoring systems is the analysis of vibration signals. Thus, a fundamental way to understand the causes and effects of vibrations is the study of the oscillatory movements and the interactions among the different components of a machine or a set of machines. These oscillatory movements, in the context of design and...

The population growth demands a greater generation of energy, an alternative is the use of small wind turbines, however, obtaining maximum wind power becomes the main challenge when there are drastic changes in wind speed. The angle of the blades rotates around its longitudinal axis to control the effect of the wind on the rotation of the turbine,...

This paper presents a unified theory for the vibrational analysis of thin-walled composite beams (TWCB) with arbitrary planar axial curvature, variable cross section, and general composite material layup, allowing for the accurate modelling of a large class of composite beams with an accuracy normally achievable only through shell-type finite-eleme...

This paper gives an overview of the different research works related to electromyographic signals (EMG) classification based on Support Vector Machines (SVM). The article summarizes the techniques used to make the classification in each reference. Furthermore, it includes the obtained accuracy, the number of signals or channels used, the way the au...

Purpose This work presents a methodology to enhance the preliminary design of a single-stage gearbox by diminishing the dynamic load between gears and bearings. Methods The gearbox dynamic load decreases by separating its excitation frequencies; the proposed methodology satisfies the design parameters like power, speed, and useful life and optimiz...

Wind power is a renewable energy source that has been developed in recent years. Large turbines are increasingly seen. The advantage of generating electrical power in this way is that it can be connected to the grid, making it an economical and easily available source of energy. The fundamental problem of a wind turbine is the randomness in a wide...

The dynamic behavior of a wind turbine comprises three major parts: the external torque produced by the wind, the mechanical elements and the grid. For the aerodynamic response, there is three type of models: constant aerodynamic torque for Type I and Type IV turbines, a pseudo aerodynamic model for Type I and II, and linearized aerodynamic model f...

The work presented here is a continuation of a set of experiments that were designed for predicting friction forces during rotor rubbing. The experimental set up consisted of a rotor rubbing a fixed surface. The surface had two force sensors, one aligned with the tangential force, and the other aligned in the radial direction. This set up allowed u...

This paper presents the dynamic characterization of a two degree of freedom planetary gearbox prototype during the variation of the load condition. Tests with varying load are developed at three different operating speeds of the input shaft: 190, 380 and 590 rpm. The dynamic torques and vibrations on the input and output shafts are acquired during...

This work presents the comparison of three friction models for the analysis of a rotor hitting the housing. The analytical solution are compared with experimental measurements of the friction force. The measurements are taken form a test rig that represents a rotor fractioning the housing. All the data were analyzed using the Continuous Wavelet Tra...

This paper presents an analysis of feasibility to develop a robust, practical and versatile test-bed for rotordynamic tests with low-cost and user-oriented features. The experience of a particular case of a test-bed design is present for two degrees of freedom (2-DOFs) planetary gearboxes at Laboratory of Robotics and Mechatronics (LARM). Different...

The solution to engineering problems usually involves the use of computer engineering software. Generally, this type of software is based on the finite element method, which corresponds to a numerical method to solve the mechanical problems of continuum mechanics. However, in recent years an alternative approach called isogeometric analysis method...

Wind energy is the strongest renewable energy source developed in recent decades. Being systems that are directly connected to the grid of the electrical system, it is essential to use the maximum available power of the wind and obtain the maximum electrical power converted from the turbine. Here the fundamental problem of the wind turbine is how t...

This paper presents a methodology to analyze the dynamic behavior of a two stages planetary gearbox working under non-stationary operational conditions. Experimental tests are carried out on a test bed, which consists in a motor drive that is coupled to the input shaft of a gearbox and a break system on the output shaft. The system is instrumented...

The identification of nonlinear vibrations in mechanical systems is an unsolved problem. The structure of the measured data and waveforms have been studied for many years, and different techniques have been applied. Nevertheless, there is no single technique for identifying the nonlinear parameters. Parameter identification can be conducted either...

This book compiles recent research in the field of nonlinear dynamics, vibrations and damping applied to engineering structures. It addresses the modeling of nonlinear vibrations in beams, frames and complex mechanical systems, as well as the modeling of damping systems and viscoelastic materials applied to structural dynamics. The book includes se...

Roll hemming is analyzed for flat surface-straight edge sheets to illustrate how defects and forces behave. The analysis of defects is carried out trough illustrative models to emphasize the main variables of the process. A testing rig to investigate the process is designed and built. Experimental tests are carried out to measure how forces influen...

This paper presents a unified theory for modelling composite thin-walled beams (TWB) of arbitrary planar axial curvature, variable cross-section and general material layup, complemented by the development of an Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) formulation for the discretization and solution of the equilibrium equations. To this end, the standard formula...

En el análisis del medio continúo existen tres métodos numéricos importantes: elementos finitos, elementos frontera y celdas finitas. De estos métodos, elementos finitos es el más popular en la industria, sin embargo, se desperdicia alrededor del 60% de todo el análisis en la generación de una geometría adecuada (enmallado). Este problema puede min...

This article presents a method to optimize the preliminary design of a mechanical transmission in order to reduce the nonlinear synchronization between its components and, therefore, increase its useful life.

There are several Thin-Walled Beam models for straight beams, but few TWB models consider beams with arbitrary curvatures. Although, a curved beam can be modelled using finite elements, the number of degrees of freedom is too large and a nonlinear dynamic solution is very cumbersome, if not impossible. In this work, a general description of arbitra...

Rubbing, in turbomachinery, is a phenomenon difficult to identify and predict. Rubbing is a sudden event that can cause catastrophic damage, therefore, it is necessary to have good prediction models. In order to predict this phenomenon, several models have been proposed which are based on representing rubbing as an external friction force acting on...

A dynamic compensation to correct the trajectory deviation of roll hemming processes is presented in this paper. First, the general scheme of the compensation model is explained along with the robot (kinematic and stiffness) and the material deflection models. The model is simulated and tested on an industrial robot. As result, the viability of the...

Many applications are available for the syntactic and semantic verification of NC milling tool paths in simulation environments. However, these solutions – similar to the conventional tool path generation methods – are generally based on geometric considerations, and for that reason they cannot address varying cutting conditions. This paper introdu...

Operation condition mode caused by voltage disturbances in wind energy conversion systems based on double fed induction generators, have brought great challenges regarding efficiency and reliability. This paper shows the impact of the rotor currents under 50, 80, and 100 % voltage drop, in addition, describes an analysis methodology to obtain the r...

Tool condition monitoring systems are essential in micro-milling applications. A tool’s slenderness requires high-precision monitoring systems for online measurements. In most cases, tool health is indirectly estimated by processing and analyzing the cutting process parameters. In that sense, the main challenge lies in the proper selection of the p...

This paper proposes a Cartesian stiffness matrix evaluation method for 6DOF industrial robots. First, the tool center point (TCP) deviation as result of the low stiffness of robots is analysed. For different metalforming areas, the low stiffness conducts to common defects on the quality product, such defects and their relations are studied. A model...

This paper presents a trajectory compensation model to correct the deviation in the roll hemming applications. First, the main defects and problems of roll hemming technology are established. A trajectory compensation proposal is analyzed as well as the kinematic and stiffness model of the robot and the material deformation model. The implementatio...

The objective of this study is the design of a new roller hemming tool. For this purpose, main parameters affecting the final quality of the rolled hemmed part have been studied in order to identify and outline the key factors in roller design as well as in roller hemming process stages. A preliminary set of experiments has been carried out to stud...

The design of vibration absorbers, in general, combine materials with high rigidities and very elastic materials. The main purpose of these designs is to reduce the transmission of vibration waves along structures and diminish the damage in machinery. There are many methods for reducing the transmission of vibration waves; but the most common are p...

Friction forces are present in any machining process. These forces could play an important role in the dynamics of the system. In the cutting process, friction is mainly present in the rake face and the flank of the tool. Although the one that acts on the rake face has a major influence, the other one can become also important and could take part i...

Nowadays, the growth in the diameter of the rotors and the power capacity of the machinery require the application of constant monitoring to predict failures and reduce maintenance activities. These activities prevent emergency stops and failures that require the replacement of components; however, these operations involve a high cost. The system p...

Wind energy technology is facing new challenges due to the increment in rotor diameter. Nowadays several studies focus on the development of new flow control methods for load alleviation, in order to increase the lifetime of the blades. This paper describes a shape morphing-based method for smart blades. The study includes an aerodynamic model with...

Complex systems are a broad concept that comprises many disciplines, including engineering systems. Regardless of their particular behavior, complex systems share similar behaviors, such as synchronization. This paper presents different techniques for determining the source of coupling when a set of oscillators synchronize. It is possible to identi...

One of the main trends in modern manufacturing technology is satisfaction of ever growing demand on miniaturization. Micro manufacturing means preparing of workpieces or just parts of larger components in the size range of 1…999 microns. There are many different machining processes available on this field, but micro milling is one of the most flexi...