Juan Gonzalez Hernandez

• PhD
• Professor (Associate) at University of Granada

Este capítulo analiza el rol de la entrevista como herramienta central en la psicología del deporte. Se destaca su función para comprender la experiencia subjetiva del deportista y diseñar intervenciones efectivas. Además, se presentan estrategias para formular preguntas, generar confianza y adaptar la entrevista según el contexto deportivo. Se inc...

Introduction There is a need for greater scientific attention to research on violence (e.g., insults, intimidation, beatings) in contexts where such behaviors are prevalent. The agonizing win-lose vision that oftentimes is characteristic of sports competition is not understood in the same way in grassroots sports as in professional sports. Although...

Perfectionism includes various dimensions focused on different planes of psychological functioning, with both positive and negative elements that influence adaptation to the pursuit of achievement and personal satisfaction with efforts and their attainment. We examined participants’ levels of perfectionism and the relationship between perfectionism...

El boxeo es un deporte de combate que exige grandes capacidades psicológicas para un rendimiento óptimo, situación que puede propiciar altos niveles de ansiedad. La literatura señala que una percepción positiva de autoeficacia ayuda a reducir los niveles de ansiedad, mientras que, la capacidad de prestar atención al presente (mindfulness) también s...

The susceptibility of athletes to experience of emotional and psychological difficulties arising from the pressure and expectations associated with achieving and maintaining high performance can become a vulnerability in the desire to achieve success in sport. This study aims to investigate the protective value in the perception of satisfaction in...

The motivational climate perceived by players is a psychosocial process that has an impact on how they adjust their psychological response to performance situations with greater or lesser efficiency and balance. The aim of this study was to identify distinctive profiles of fear of failure and basic psychological needs in young handball players acco...

La influencia de los padres y las madres en la vida de los menores es una realidad. Son su primer ejemplo en la vida y, por ende, la importancia de una educación trabajada desde casa favorece el proceso de formación deportiva. Los niños y niñas disfrutan del deporte y deben aprender a ganar, perder, y a nadar bien, a divertirse, sin temer a las rea...

The aim of the present study was to provide a comprehensive summary of scientific evidence related with the influence on physical self-concept and prosocial behaviours in adolescents, taking into account the motivational climate generated in Physical Education classes by the teacher. Studies with similar samples have shown that special consideratio...

The aim of this study was to examine whether motivation, support, basic-needs satisfaction, and social skills in physical education lessons differed among Chinese secondary students from rural areas depending on their sociodemographic profiles. Two hundred and seven students enrolled in a camp organized by a non-profit organization in Chengdu provi...

La relación entre las variables psicológicas y las lesiones deportivas es un hecho constatado en la comunidad científica. Dada su gran relevancia en la actualidad parece necesario ampliar el conocimiento considerando otras variables menos estudiadas como el perfeccionismo o el pensamiento catastrofista, o en muestras como las de triatletas. El obje...

Background The postmenopausal period can represent an opportunity for women to improve their health and well-being. The Active and Healthy Ageing in Women during early postmenopause (AHAWOMEN) study aims to identify the key determinants of an active lifestyle among middle-aged women, with a focus on the stages and the social-cognitive variables out...

Background The postmenopausal period can represent an opportunity for women to improve their health and well-being. The Active and Healthy Ageing in Women during early postmenopause (AHAWOMEN) study aims to identify the key determinants of an active lifestyle among middle-aged women, with a focus on the stages and social-cognitive variables outline...

Introduction This study analyzed the relationships between social skills and motivation to Physical Education, students´ perceived support regarding Physical Education lessons (from parents, teachers and peers) and basic needs satisfaction in a sample of disadvantaged high school Chinese students according to Self-Determination Theory-related main...

Connecting desires for achievement, the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and the perception of fear of failure is one of the most relevant questions in the understanding of negative mental responses in youth athletes. How to act with less fear is what every athlete seeks to feel to enhance their performance actions. This paper aims to shed...

Introduction: Despite the progress in the management of the pandemic caused by COVID-, it is necessary to continue exploring and explaining how this situation a ected the athlete population around the world to improve their circumstances and reduce the negative impact of changes in their lifestyle conditions that were necessitated due to the pandem...

Introduction Despite the progress in the management of the pandemic caused by COVID-19, it is necessary to continue exploring and explaining how this situation affected the athlete population around the world to improve their circumstances and reduce the negative impact of changes in their lifestyle conditions that were necessitated due to the pand...

Training in emotional regulation skills is one of the most important resources for the adaptation of athletes to contexts of sports pressure, especially during competitions. This study explored the effects of a mindfulness programme (Flow Meditation) on levels of impulsivity, mood and pre-competition anxiety-state in a sample of athletes (N = 41, 2...

The aim of the present study is to explore the relationships between cognitive-behavioral patterns of perfectionism in the context of competitive sport and both prosociality and aggressiveness in a sample of adolescents competing in federated sports. A cross-sectional and non-randomized study was designed using a selective methodology on a sample o...

The psychological literature has explored various factors that can influence social relationships over the years. While perfectionism has received less attention from researchers than others, its direct relationship with certain aggressive behaviours has been established. The results of this synthesis review of 18 research articles shows that malad...

In recent decades, perfectionism has generated growing interest from the scientific community in understanding exercise addiction, due to the explicative contributions offered its characteristics that can make individuals more susceptible to unhealthy and compulsive exercise. There have been limited studies of such constructions in sports contexts....

The relationship between sports practice and physical and mental health became an important issue during the COVID-19 pandemic, where keeping fit and exercising was one of the best and most popular ways to cope with the confinement situation. The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between perfectionism and resilient resources with...

El uso excesivo de los videojuegos y la adicción a los mismos entre los deportistas es una preocupación reciente que va en aumento. La sensibilidad a la ansiedad es un factor de riesgo para las conductas adictivas, del mismo modo que la dureza mental, ampliamente asociada a los deportistas, es un elemento protector. El presente trabajo examina las...

Resumen Los objetivos de la presente investigación fueron dos: a) analizar la relación entre los climas motivacionales generados por el entre-nador y los iguales, y las características psicológicas en función del género y la edad de los jugadores y b) determinar las variables predictoras de los diferentes recursos psicológicos para el rendimiento d...

El objetivo del estudio fue la predicción del clima motivacional percibido y generado por los compañeros del equipo a partir de las características psicológicas relacionadas con el rendimiento de los jugadores de balonmano. Para ello, se realizó un estudio no experimental conforme a una muestra no probabilística de 149 jugadores de balonmano de dif...

Background: Consistent evidence suggests that exercise improves cognition and decision making, with preliminary evidence suggesting that brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNFs) may mediate these effects on high-intensity interval activities, such as in football playing. We conducted a systematic review of studies on football players or football...

Background: Problematic use of smartphones is a challenge facing societies around the world. This phenomenon has been associated with negative socialization experiences through the impact they have on how the youth relates to their environment. This study was designed to examine parental and peer attachment, self-efficacy and prosocial reasoning a...

Exercise addiction (EA) involves excessive concerns for exercise routines, an abusive practice, and the inability to control one’s own behavior, as well as the presence of psychological processes that are typical of behavioral addictions such as abstinence. EA is further associated with an alteration of the individual’s personal, social, and profes...

The present work tries to describe the relationships among perfectionism, dark traits of personality, and exercise addiction and according to highly intense sports. Following research on perfectionism in sport, its dysfunctional facet is based on a continuous and negative cognitive-evaluative judgement about the difficulties to achieve the accompli...

Many earlier studies conducted on sports betting and addiction have examined sports betting in the context of gambling and have not taken into account the specific motivations of sports betting. Therefore, the effects of motivational elements of sports betting on sports betting addiction risk are unknown. The aim of the present study was to examine...

Cada vez hay más pruebas de la relación entre la práctica deportiva y la transmisión de valores a una edad temprana, pero se desconoce el efecto especifico de los entrenadores y sus propios valores sobre el desarrollo de estos en los deportistas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar la influencia de los valores que los entrenadores cons...

Enseñando valores y potenciando la prosocialidad. Lo que promueven los entrenadores y lo que interiorizan los deportistas Teaching values and promoting prosociality. What coaches promote and what athletes internalize Ensinar valores e promover a prosocialidade. O que os treinadores promovem e o que os atletas internalizam RESUMEN Cada vez hay más p...

Background: In an unprecedented situation of interruption of the sporting dynamics, the world of sport is going through a series of adaptations necessary to continue functioning despite coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). More than ever, athletes are facing a different challenge, a source of discomfort and uncertainty, and one that absolutely alte...

Under an observational, transversal, and descriptive design, the study analyze the degree of adjustment of the perceptions of fear of failure as a mediating variable of the estimated relationship between sporting commitment and the appearance of burnout in young handball players in a competitive context. The sample included a total of 479 youth cat...

El objetivo del estudio fue la predicción de la percepción del clima motivacional generado por los compañeros del equipo, a partir de las características psicológicas asociadas con el rendimiento en jóvenes jugadores de balonmano. Para ello, se realizó un estudio no experimental conforme a una muestra no probabilística de 149 jugadores de balonmano...

La relación entre el sueño y la agresión (Street, et al., 2016). Esta relación parece ser bidireccional, en la cual, las victimas de agresión reportan mayores alteraciones del sueño (Donoghue, & Meltzer., 2018), observando además que la reducción del tiempo de sueño se ha vinculado con el incremento de conductas agresivas tanto en niños (Coulombe e...

Las personas somos diferentes por razón de nuestra herencia ge- nética, intereses, motivaciones, ritmos de aprendizaje, grupo social de procedencia, sexo, expectativas vitales, capacidades sensoriales, motri- ces o psíquicas, posibilidades y experiencias laborales, lengua e ideolo- gía, etc. En la configuración de estas diferencias o “diversidades”...

Adolescents are a group at risk of developing depressive disorders, faced with a multitude of psychosocial circumstances and the resources available to meet vital needs. The risk of depression is associated with high avoidance of harm, low self-direction, and low persistence. The aim of the work was to explore the differences between different pers...

Trait-Anxiety is a dispositional and stable measure whose evaluation is relevant in the sporting context as the way in which athlete's interpret feelings of anxiety is relevant to competitive performance. The purpose of the present study was to adapt the Competitive Trait Anxiety Inventory (CTAI-2D) into Spanish through a sample of 421 athletes (66...

La configuración de los sistemas educativos actuales (e.g., modelos basados en competencias), fomenta las relaciones competitivas y comparativas entre alumnos (Martínez, et ál., 2016; Shimotsu-Dariol, et ál., 2012), llevando a establecer relaciones de superioridad o inferioridad respecto a los miembros de un grupo (Oldehinkel et ál., 2007), y a que...

La salud, como esencia de la vitalidad del ser humano, es el eje a través del cual impactan los estilos de vida que repercuten en la conducta humana. Los hábitos de vida no saludables y las frecuentes conductas sedentarias provocan que la obesidad alcance altos índices de morbilidad y mortalidad desde la adolescencia (García, López, & Cruces, 2014)...

En este capítulo, se centrará en la influencia de los propios compañeros de equipo y del entrenador en las conductas de evitación y la aparición de pensamientos y reacciones asociados al error (e.g., magnificación, ansiedad) ya que ambos significativos participan activamente tanto en los entrenamientos como en las competiciones, e interactuan duran...

With prevalence of obesity increasing worldwide, understanding body image in individuals with excessive weight is important, as unawareness of weight excess can prevent weight loss attempts. We explored the associations among measured and self-reported body mass index (BMI), body image and body satisfaction among Spanish females and males with over...

The objective of this study is to show the links and differences in the expressions of competitive anxiety in the face of the existence of resilient resources in young athletes, according to sporting (years of experience) and personal (gender) characteristics. To meet these aims, the participants answered the Resilience Scale (RS-14) and the Compet...

Los objetivos del presente estudio, fueron examinar los niveles de perfeccionismo y su relación con la respuesta de ansiedad competitiva en jóvenes deportistas, además de diferencias en función de género, edad, experiencia deportiva y número de entrenamiento semanales. Para ello se estableció un diseño no experimental y descriptivo donde los partic...

El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue conocer los niveles de burnout en deportistas y la relación de este síndrome con la personalidad desde el Modelo de los Cinco Factores de Costa y McCrae, añadiendo asimismo la resiliencia. La muestra estuvo constituida por 141 hombres y mujeres. Se utilizaron el IBD-R, NEO-FFI, Escala de Resistencia,...

Scholars have deepened the connection between personality and the meaning people find in their lives (Isik & Uzbe, 2015). Indeed, some researchers have shown that dark traits are related to regulatory difficulties (Wang, et al, 2019) and to social adjustment (Jyons & Hughes, 2015) and that, therefore, personality characteristics can cause youth dif...

To be insulted or humiliated through social networks is one form of cybervictimization. Data indicates that 15% of global network users accept some form of virtual harassment (Campbel & Bauman, 2018). Recent research suggests relations between cyberaggression and frequent cell phone use (Escalante et al., 2018; Varela-Garay, 2018), and negative con...

Although previous evidence suggests that happiness is lower among individuals with obesity, research on the correlates of subjective well-being (SWB) is warranted to increase our knowledge. We aim to explore excess weight (i.e., measured and self-reported body mass index (BMI)), body image and satisfaction, self-stigma, positivity, and happiness am...

El objetivo del estudio fue describir y comparar los niveles de prosocialidad y dificultades de socialización en función del género, el nivel y el tipo de práctica deportiva. En el trabajo participaron un total de 409 adolescentes de 12 a 19 años (M = 14.81; DE = 1.79) que cursaban ESO y Bachillerato. Los resultados mostraron que las chicas present...

Research on the dark triad traits (narcissism, Machiavellianism and psychopathy) is increasingly focusing on the functional or dysfunctional influences of personality traits on cognitive, behavioural and emotional responses. Thus, studies in sport contexts have shown that athletes who participate in competitive sports have higher scores in the dark...

A classic theme in Sport Psychology and physical activity is the one related to the benefits of practicing sport for children and adolescents. It is well known that sport and physical activity constitute contexts for the development of cognitive, psychological and social benefits. Likewise, through sport you can develop strengths of character, valu...

El objetivo fue el análisis de las características psicológicas relacionadas con el rendimiento deportivo de jugadores de balonmano en función de las variables género, categoría de juego, años de experiencia deportiva federada y puesto táctico. Se realizó un estudio no experimental conforme a una muestra no probabilística de 149 jugadores. Se utili...

Perfectionism is a multidimensional personality trait characterized by effort and rigidity in setting high personal standards, accompanied by an excessive tendency toward critical assessments, which plays an important role in cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functioning. During adolescence, personality is built on a fundamental pillar—self-este...

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the motivational climate created by the coach and perceived by a group of young, high-performance handball players on their fear of failure and precompetitive anxiety. The study participants were 479 young handball players. The age range was 16–17 years old. Players were administered a battery com...

The social relevance of endurance sports has increased people’s motivation to engage in these particular physical activities, associating their practice with a particular lifestyle (e.g., feeling victorious and a feeling of self-improvement). Therefore, the dark personality traits (not because they are negative but because they are more hidden), un...

In the context of physical activity and sport, perfectionism and the regular practice of physical activity are related to psychological well-being and the regulation of psychological resources necessary for adaptation to effort and satisfaction. At the same time, the most active students are also those who show greater appetites for physical educat...

Introduction High performance sport requires that the athletes maintain a constant intensity and control of their personal resources, as well as a balance between self-regulation and performance. Likely, such requirements involve the influence of their beliefs regarding the tasks to be performed to improve the confidence in their own resources to f...

Introduction: Despite of being scarce, evidence is growing on the existence of a group of overweight and obese individuals who do not consider their weight a risk factor for disease and who associate their weight and body with health, vigor, beauty and well-being. Consequently, they manifest a desire to maintain or even increase their weight. We pr...

El objetivo de este estudio fue probar un modelo predictivo que analiza la secuencia: preocupaciones perfeccionistas, miedo a fallar, y consecuencias de afectos positivos y negativos en las sesiones de entrenamiento deportivo en niños y adolescentes. Así como analizar el papel mediador del miedo a fallar. De las preocupaciones perfeccionistas se ce...

Physical activity is one of the most important resources used to promote health habits and well-being through a controlled and regular practice. Nevertheless, it is increasingly clear that in the area of sports, cases of excessive practice are becoming more prevalent, therefore normalizing the appearance of addictive behaviors. Previous studies on...

The practice of systematically physical activity in children and adolescents improves both psychological welfare as cognitive processes and personality, which is built during that period. Regarded as a personality trait it is identified perfectionism, which is currently also understood as a functional feature linked to positive (positive affect, se...

Systematic practice of physical activity (PA) in childhood and adolescence enables the development of functional resources for subjective perception of well-being, stimulation of cognitive processes, and construction of the personality. The development of perfectionist beliefs is currently seen as a functional characteristic linked to positive aspe...

El estudio del uso de habilidades sociales en la adolescencia, ofrece una oportunidad para el aprendizaje de estrategias docentes a incorporar en el contexto escolar, que permitan que el factor prosocial se convierta en un componente básico en el desarrollo de la personalidad del adolescente, dentro y fuera de la escuela. El presente estudio tiene...

La problemática del estrés y los estados depresivos de los adolescentes, simboliza la escasez de destrezas que algunos jóvenes presentan para afrontar sus problemas cotidianos. Numerosos estudios coinciden en que la práctica de la actividad física posee bene cios de carácter preventivo y terapéutico para dicha problemática. Ante la importancia del...

The objective of this study was to test a predictive model that analyzes the sequence: perfectionist concerns, fear of failure, and consequences of positive and negative affects in sports training sessions in children and adolescents. As well as analyzing the mediating role of fear to fail. From perfectionist concerns we focus on the relative power...

The objective of this work was to provide evidence on the dimensionality of the Spanish version of Sport Motivation Scale II adapted to physical education (SMS-II-PE) in one of its hypothesized models (6 factors). A sample of 1055 secondary education students of the Region of Murcia, Spain, aged between 12 and 17 years, was used. As an instrument,...

La importancia de la figura del entrenador en la iniciación deportiva y el proceso de formación deportivo, y su influencia en los deportistas ha sido ampliamente estudiada (Gómez López, & Feu Molina, 2017; Sousa, Cruz, Torregrosa, Vilches & Viladrich, 2006). Los resultados de los estudios confirman que según la conducta que adopte el entrenador, fa...

El estudio de las exigencias psicológicas para la práctica deportiva, no se reduce al establecimiento o mención de la lista de las mismas, sino que es necesario determinar las relaciones adecuadas entre las mismas, su carácter prioritario y las posibilidades de variabilidad o de compensación de una exigencia sobre otra dentro del sistema deportista...

Reconocer cómo los esfuerzos que realizan los padres en cuanto a tiempo y dedicación en la práctica deportiva de sus hijos, resulta absolutamente relevante ante la organización del deporte infantil. Lo que durante décadas ha sido transmitido por la literatura científica, no parece tan evidente en el ámbito aplicado, donde la integración de la figur...

The sport can enhance psychological variables in young people, such as commitment or fun, and maybe differently in each sport category. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are significant differences between competitiveness, social anxiety, engagement, fun and motivational orientation (to the ego and to the task) to the sports...

La investigación establece diferencias entre variables internas (autoconcepto y prosocialidad) y externas (frecuencia de actividad física) que rodean al adolescente en el contexto escolar, según condiciones sociales (sexo, tipo de práctica de actividad física y edad) y propone relaciones de causalidad y predictibilidad entre las diferentes dimensio...

La Triada Oscura de la Personalidad (TOP) ha suscitado el interés creciente de la comunidad científica, debido a las aportaciones explicativas que ofrecen sus características a factores ampliamente investigados por los estudios de personalidad. Narcisismo, Maquiavelismo y Psicopatía forman parte de una constelación de factores que subyacen a variab...

Stress as an emotional response with adaptive function can obstruct both academic performance and psychosocial and physiological functioning when it is recurrent, persistent, and intense. Individual characteristics and regular physical activity produce differences in ways of coping with pressure situations, stressing the necessity of teenagers hand...

Las experiencias de flow, la competencia deportiva percibida y la pasión han sido relacionadas con la adherencia a la práctica deportiva y el rendimiento en deportistas sin discapacidad, pero existe escasa evidencia de ello en el deporte adaptado. En este estudio, exploramos el flow, la competencia percibida y la pasión armoniosa y obsesiva en depo...

Señalar posibles indicadores psicológicos sobre cómo percibe su misma conducta, permite concretar las referencias sobre cómo orientar la misma de cara a ayudar al deportista a crecer a través del deporte que practica. En constante interactividad y bidireccionalidad (tanto positiva como negativa), las vivencias deportivas permiten la percepción de d...

Tomando como marco la teoría de la autodeterminación, el objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar las relaciones entre satisfacción y frustración de las tres necesidades psicológicas básicas (autonomía, competencia y relación), la motivación autónoma, la motivación controlada y el compromiso agéntico en estudiantes adolescentes (n = 377) en el co...

Optimism is a moderating psychological factor in sports performance. The aim of this study is to review the current evidence regarding optimism and sports performance. To this end, a systematic review of the literature was conducted, taking in consideration only those that followed PRISMA guidelines (Urrútia & Bonfill, 2013). The following database...

Using self-determination theory, the principal objective of the study was to analyze the relations between basic need satisfaction and thwarting, autonomous and controlled motivation, and agentic engagement in adolescent (n = 377) in physical education context. A structural equation model was tested. The satisfaction of the three needs predicted au...

The Dark Triad of Personality (DTP) has received a growing interest by the scientific community, due to the explanatory contributions offered by its characteristics to factors widely investigated in the research on personality. Narcissism, Machiavellianism and Psychopathy configure a constellation of factors that underlie variables such as self-con...

Diversas líneas de investigación han mostrado como las personas, reflejadas en la respuesta psicológica construida a través de las experiencias deportivas. Recientes investigaciones reflejan que ser emocionalmente inteligente, supone importantes beneficios en diferentes áreas del funcionamiento humano, estableciendo relaciones positivas y significa...

The aim of the study was to examine the motivational climate generated by the coach and the fear of failure in handball players, according to the sex and years of federated experience, as well as to evaluate the prediction of the motivational climate on fear of failure. For this, a non-experimental, descriptive and sectional design was used where t...

Practice of physical activity is increasingly important for people both as a recreational activity as a health activity. Although it is difficult to find human behaviors that do not have any influence on the health and well-being, it´s possible to show conduct that are among the most important risk factors of major health problems today such as con...

The individual's behavior is regulated by objectives that reflect a conception of himself and the environment. Knowing the motivations that trigger the behavior of human beings in a particular direction is extremely interesting and even more so if we are able to determine patterns and relationships with the rest of the characteristics that make up...

Es la adolescencia el período en que se produce el aprendizaje de estilos de afrontamiento y hábitos saludables (práctica de actividad física) para percibir e interpretar el estrés de una forma útil; permitiendo un crecimiento personal y bienestar psicológico cuando se superan de forma activa aquellos cambios (físicos, sociales y psicológicos) que...

The objective of this research was to establish the differences in self-determination of college students between those who do not practice physical activity and those who practice it, depending on the type of physical activity and physical activity level. This study involved 208 college students, 64.9% women and 35.1% men. To define the self-deter...

Editorial ¡Continuamos! Psicología del deporte en España: reconocimiento a Joan Riera La esencia de lo que hoy somos, comenzó con la fuerza, cons-tancia y humildad de unos cuantos y entusiasmados profeso-res e investigadores, que a lo largo de cuatro décadas han ido contagiando a muchos otros para dar lugar a lo que la disci-plina es hoy en España....

Background: Mindfulness is an increasingly popular construct with promise in enhancing multiple positive health outcomes. Physical activity is an important behavior for enhancing overall health, but no Spanish language scale exists to test how mindfulness during physical activity may facilitate physical activity motivation or behavior. This study...