Josune Hernantes

Universidad de Navarra | UNAV · School of Engineering (TECNUN)

Building resilience in cities requires, among other things, translating relevant research findings into practice at the city level. In this regard, standardization is an effective means of supporting the dissemination of research findings on particularly complex topics such as city resilience. To evaluate the scientific landscape on standardization...

Over the last 20 years, disaster events have been increasing with 3.25 billion people affected. The public are not only affected by these incidents but also, they are the first on the disaster scene. To fully utilize the public's potential and define their role in assisting in disaster management, we need to hear the voice of the main responsible f...

Risks related to climate change and natural hazards increasingly affect urban areas such as historic towns, old urban quarters, villages, and hamlets. These, as well as historic landscapes, make up a significant part of an urban area’s identity and cannot just be rebuilt or significantly changed without taking into account the historic value, cultu...

A priority must be made on making cities more resilient against crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic to help plan for an uncertain future. However, due to the insufficient transfer of knowledge from, among others, research projects to cities, they are often unaware of the resilience tools available as well as possible standardization activities to...

With the current high risks of cyber incidents either caused by malicious cyber criminals or by accidents, there is a latent need for cyber resilience. This discipline is a broader than the traditional cybersecurity concept as it aims to give companies an adaptability such that they are “safe-to-fail”, i.e. that companies are capable of facing cybe...

The pressure on the sanitary system caused by the Covid-19 pandemics put in risk many lives. The unknowns of the pandemic behavior caused problems for a more accurate prediction of the demands for hospitalization and ICU. As a result, two situations were observed: unnecessary expansion of the sanitary system with campaign hospitals and, worse, the...

On the current environment, companies face risks and threats to the systems they need to operate often known as cyber threats. Most of these companies are small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and they are exposed to these cyber threats. To mitigate the risks and be able to thrive with as little disruption as possible, SMEs require cyber resili...

Cities are dealing with the challenge of climate change (CC). However, due to a lack of awareness on the part of certain city stakeholders, cities’ plans, strategies and studies dealing with CC have been hampered. Studies have demonstrated that city stakeholders become engaged and act collaboratively when they become aware of CC, yet the studies th...

Cyber resilience can help companies today thrive despite the adverse cyber threat environment. This discipline adds to cybersecurity the mindset of preparing for the unexpected and prioritizing business continuity over simply protecting systems and assets. However, cyber resilience operationalization requires knowledge and investing into its multip...

When crises occur, the society plays significant roles, such as assisting victims, helping vulnerable groups, sharing information, allocating resources etc. However, for the response to crises to succeed, society, authorities and emergency services should align their efforts and needs in a coordinated way. To identify this alignment, we designed an...

Community resilience is an intrinsic, relational property of a community; that is built and influenced by the interactions and relationships of all members of society. This interaction could be in the form of exchanging information and knowledge, sharing resources, relying on each other, and mutual assistance. In this paper, we are interested in re...

Due to the hazardous current cyber environment, cyber resilience is more necessary than ever. Companies are exposed to an often-ignored risk of suffering a cyber incident. This places cyber incidents as one of the main risks for companies in the past few years. On the other hand, the literature meant to aid on the operationalization of cyber resili...

The constantly evolving cyber threat landscape is a latent problem for today's companies. This is especially true for the Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) because they have limited resources to face the threats but, as a group, represent an extensive payload for cybercriminals to exploit. Moreover, the traditional cybersecurity approach of...

Climate change (CC) is one of the most urgent threats to modern societies, having direct and indirect consequences on the rapid growth of urban areas. Cities are attempting to both reduce their impact on the environment and build resilience to be able to face the irreversible effects of CC through plans and strategies. However, barriers, such as th...

Cities are growing and becoming more complex, and as they continue to do so, their capacity to deal with foreseen and unforeseen challenges derived from climate change has to adapt accordingly. In the last decade, an effort has been made to build city resilience and improve cities' capacity to respond to, recover from and adapt to climate change. H...

A growing majority of the world's population lives in cities, and the concentration of people and critical services in cities increases their exposure to acute shocks and long-term stresses. Therefore, building resilient cities that are able to resist and absorb threats and are capable of adapting to and recovering from shocks and stresses is vital...

Climate change (CC) is one of the most challenging issues ever faced, as it affects every system worldwide at any scale. Urban areas are not an exception. Extreme weather-related events have seriously affected urban areas in recent years, and they have a significant impact on the welfare of people. According to UN projections, by 2050 more than 68%...

Climate change (CC) is one of the most challenging issues ever faced, as it affects every system worldwide at any scale. Urban areas are not an exception. Extreme weather-related events have seriously affected urban areas in recent years, and they have a significant impact on the welfare of people. According to UN projections, by 2050 more than 68%...

There is an urgent need to build city resilience in order to face upcoming foreseen and unforeseen disasters more holistically, economically and collaboratively. Population trends mean that people are moving to urban areas and the traditional approach to crisis management is becoming obsolete as it is no longer able to deal with the new challenges...

Unexpected crises and risks affect the urban population. Critical infrastructure dependency, climate change and social dynamics have captured the attention of city decision makers across different disciplines, sectors, and scales. Addressing these challenges mandates an increase in resilience. This article presents the development of the novel Euro...

The fourth industrial revolution has brought several risks to factories along with its plethora of benefits. The convergence of new technologies, legacy technologies, information technologies and operational technologies in the same network generates a wide attack surface. At the same time, factories need continuous production to meet their custome...

A resilience-focused approach requires the collaboration of a variety of stakeholders including the local government, emergency services, citizens, and companies in adapting to disasters. Currently however, governments fail to encourage stakeholders to take part in the resilience-building process. To address this challenge, this study presents a ma...

A growing majority of the world's population lives in cities. This rapid urbanization increases the concentration of people and critical services in cities, which also upscale their exposure to acute shocks and long-term stresses such as floods, earthquakes, climate change or social dynamics. While all of these challenges are complex in themselves,...

Although the positive impact of cloud computing seems obvious for both big and small companies, the adoption rate of services associated with it has not reached the levels that were expected. In the case of software as a service (SaaS), the adoption rates of the different application types are not homogeneous. Some well-established application type...

Critical Infrastructures (CIs) play a relevant role in both society and industry since they provide basic goods and services. CIs are interdependent on each other and a failure in one CI may spread rapidly to other dependent CIs. The resulting cascading effect leads to the amplification of the perturbation, giving rise to high-impact crises. Modell...

This paper presents the EU H2020 project Smart Mature Resilience, which takes advantage of the fact that many cities are committed to become increasingly resilient and have ongoing processes for urban resilience. Smart Mature Resilience develops resilience management guidelines based on a Resilience Maturity Model that engages a growing number of s...

A resilience-focused approach leads organizations to improve the management of disasters through being aware, flexible, trained, and prepared, having committed top managers and staff, and being part of a wider network of stakeholders. Based on the organizational resilience principles identified in the literature, this article analyses the potential...

Cities are interconnected and interdependent systems rather than isolated entities that face risks. Building resilient cities requires not only the government will, but also the involvement of different city stakeholders such as citizens, emergency services, academic, educational and scientific entities, and public and private organizations. Collab...

Recent efforts undertaken by international organizations and national governments to build cities' resilience illustrate the need to involve the different stakeholders of a city in the city resilience building process. Although there are studies that propose frameworks for building resilient cities, these studies do not provide detailed guidelines...

Building on lean and agile practices, DevOps means end-to-end automation in software development and delivery. Hardly anybody will be able to approach it with a cookbook-style approach, but most developers will benefit from better connecting the previously isolated silos of development and operations. Many DevOps tools exist that can help them do t...

The welfare of society is more and more dependent on the proper functioning of Critical Infrastructures (CIs), and crises that affect CIs usually aggravate their impact on society. Therefore, improving the resilience of CIs is the most important objective of today's crisis managers. Although several resilience frameworks can be found in the literat...

Climate change is a worldwide reality. In the past decade weather-related natural hazards have been the cause of 90% of natural disasters and they have been responsible for 98% of the impacts on disaster-affected populations, the majority in developing countries (IFRC, 2005). Climate change may not be responsible for all the skyrocketing costs of n...

Virtual Communities of Practice (VCoPs) provide an ideal platform for allowing groups of people to share and increase their knowledge and expertise for a given topic or field. Such structures have emerged in the field of disaster management to support information sharing among stakeholders, but they tend to be limited in various ways. This paper de...

Purpose – This study aims to present a resilience framework for critical infrastructures (CIs) taking into account internal and external stakeholders involved in a crisis situation and covering the four resilience dimensions defined in the literature, as well as providing practical policies to facilitate their implementation in practice. Design/me...

Purpose – Disasters are complex phenomena, by diverse nature and whose management is complicated. An efficient analysis of potential impacts that may result as consequence of a disaster has to be conducted to improve the preparation and response in face of future events. Design/methodology/approach – A review of impact evaluation methodologies and...

In the last few years, several technologies have been introduced to improve personnel safety in working environment during standard and emergency operations. According to this framework, the RISING project aims at exploiting RFID technology to improve the safety in the working environment, having a specific focus on emergency scenarios. Preinstalle...

Monitoring is critical to IT system health and thus to businesses' bottom line. This article discusses current tools that monitor networks to detect issues, ensure the components' availability, and measure the resources those components use.

To choose the most appropriate cloud-computing model for your organization, you must analyze your IT infrastructure, usage, and needs. To help with this, this article describes cloud computing's current status.

The safety and proper functioning of Critical Infrastructures (CIs) are essential for ensuring the welfare of society, which puts the issue of improving their resilience level at the forefront of the field of crisis management. Most of the resilience-building principles defined in the literature do not cover all the dimensions that make up resilien...

The proper functioning of critical infrastructures is crucial to societal well-being. However, critical infrastructures are not isolated, but instead are tightly coupled, creating a complex system of interconnected infrastructures. Dependencies between critical infrastructures can cause a failure to propagate from one critical infrastructure to oth...

Enterprise systems are quickly evolving from monolithic silos to distributed applications with service-oriented flexible usage schemes. To keep up, IT organizations must adapt their legacy systems to meet changing business challenges almost in real time, with no second chances. Service-oriented architectures (SOAs) have evolved to flexibly operate...

Failure of Critical Infrastructures (CIs) can have severe consequences for our societies. Therefore, CI resilience has attracted increasing attention in industries and policy-making. However, empirical studies on CI resilience are rare. In particular, research on the implementation of policies aiming at an improvement of CI resilience is lacking. U...

The severe consequences of a Critical Infrastructure (CI) crisis demand continued research directed toward proactive and reactive management strategies. Despite the best efforts of governments and communities, the diversity of stakeholders, conflicting demands for resources, and a lack of trust among organizations create complexities that limit the...

Recent natural disasters have highlighted society’s dependency on the correct functioning of critical infrastructures (CIs). The existing interdependencies among CIs complicate matters further, since a failure in a CI can spread through cascading effects to other infrastructures or sectors. Thus society’s welfare becomes severely affected, complica...

With smartphones being the primary handheld device for more than a billion people, mobile Web apps are a necessity in both technical and commercial fields. There are several approaches to developing mobile Web apps, but given the fast speed of mobile software evolution, in which the leading companies become marginal in months and new gadgets contin...

Resilience building has become one of the most promising strategies for crisis managers to improve the security and proper functioning of critical infrastructures (CIs). Therefore, crisis managers will benefit from both general and detailed guidance for building and maintaining CI resilience levels. This paper aims to contribute to this purpose by...

While crises may appear to be event-driven, post-mortem accounts often identify factors that accumulate over time and increase the likelihood of failure. These factors are particularly difficult to anticipate when multiple organizations are involved in crisis preparation and event detection. Through the development of a systems-based model of crisi...

The proper functioning of critical infrastructures (CIs) is vital for society's welfare. A disruption in one of them may lead to a crisis that affects not only the CI where the triggering event occurs but also the whole society. Therefore, it is fundamental to increase the whole system's resilience level. This paper defines resilience as the capaci...

A major industrial accident is an unpredictable event which triggers a disruption in a Critical Infrastructure (CI). This disruption can spread through other sectors, affecting not only the CI where the triggering event takes place but the whole society as well. In the case of major industrial accidents, system resilience consists of both the resil...

Crisis is a wide concept which may include a diverse set of events and behaviour patterns. Thus, crisis management requires complementary approaches that provide a more complete perspective. This paper describes a useful methodology to analyse crises from a multiple perspective approach that contributes to acquire a more deep understanding about cr...

A priori evaluation and monitoring of crisis management strategy effectiveness should lead to more effective use of scarce and expensive resources. We propose a two part process: First, a Crisis Management Balanced Scorecard (CMBSC), based on Kaplan and Norton's Balanced Scorecard, guides the monitoring and implementation of a crisis management str...

Large crises management, affecting CIs needs multidisciplinary knowledge including technical, economical, social, political, legal and managerial knowledge. Being these crises international a huge variety of agents is involved in their response. This situation concludes in a set of stakeholders who only have fragmented knowledge. In the presence of...

Advances in Critical Infrastructures (CIs) have increased the society's welfare but at the same time they have made us to be more dependent on CIs proper functioning. In light of this situation it is essential to create resilient systems in order to avoid a crisis occurrence or respond in the most rapid and effective way. Through an extensive liter...

Crisis management needs intensive cooperation of a significant amount of stakeholders. These stakeholders need to cooperate during the critical peak of crisis, and also during crisis preparation and long term recovery phases. In addition, agents have to learn from each other and from previous events. However, they have different perspectives based...

While awareness is acknowledged as a key factor in crisis management, much is vague as to the meaning of the awareness concept, its measurement, how awareness impacts the lifecycle of a crisis and how awareness can be promoted. This vagueness, we hypothesize, potentially reflects the immaturity of crisis management theory. This in turn obscures the...

Continuous improvement is a dynamic and complex process, characterized by the maintenance difficulty over time, since its implementation involves a cultural change across the company. In all the continuous improvement programs, improvement teams are very important, and how they develop and evolve is crucial to the success of the program. Therefore,...

In the last decade there has been a series of severe large scale power outages around the world. Deregulation and increasing interconnection among grids have left a complex topographical landscape of organizations and technology that spans traditional borders. Two examples are the 2003 outages in Italy and North America. Both these cases left more...

Table-top and field simulation exercises are common tools for learning and practicing responses to unplanned IT security and critical infrastructure (CI) events. Preparing, executing and debriefing complex exercises are expensive and time consuming. Computer simulations can generate numerous potential scenarios and focus exercises on those that gen...

This paper presents the results of a security management survey of IT administrators from small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) who ranked predefined Critical Success Factors (CSFs) and Indicators. The outcome of this study relies on the development of a set of security management guidelines that allows IT administrators to adopt assessment and...

A new three degree-of-freedom (3DOF) torque feedback wrist is being developed to be added to an existing 3DOF force feedback haptic device. It is difficult to find a satisfactory solution to the mechanical design problem, mainly because of the required large rotational workspace and severe weight constraints. This work proposes an alternative desig...

Recent development of haptic technology has made possible the physical interaction with virtual environments. The combination of sight, hearing and touch senses provides these virtual environments with enhanced realism perception and interactivity to simulate multiple real world tasks. Furthermore, the addition of the sense of touch can help in the...

The design of a new 3 degrees-of-freedom (DOF) haptic wrist for our 3-DOF force feedback haptic device is presenting a great design challenge. Demanding target specifications make it difficult to find a satisfactory mechanical design solution. This paper studies whether sensory substitution can lead to the possibility of simplifying the mechanics w...

Haptic technology is quite recent and therefore in many cases it is difficult to simulate real contacts or interactions with a high sensation of realism. Collision response methods that calculate the force-feedback tend to cause haptic instabilities when the normal direction changes abruptly. In consequence, collision or contact events are often di...

Environments of a certain nature, such as those related to maintenance tasks can benefited from haptic stimuli by performing accessibility simulation in a realistic manner. Accessibility is defined as the physical feasibility of accessing an element of a D model avoiding undesirable collisions. This paper studies the benefits that multisensory syst...

Haptic technology is quite recent and therefore in many cases it is difficult to simulate real contacts or interactions with a high sensation of realism. Collision response methods that calculate the force-feedback tend to cause haptic instabilities when the normal direction changes abruptly. In consequence, collision events in sharp corners are of...

The collision problem appears within many fields. The specific characteristics that can be identified in different problems lead to the broad set of specialized algorithms that appear in the literature. This paper deals with the first step needed to address the collision problem taxonomy challenge: a survey that compiles and suggests a set of chara...

Society is dependent upon electricity. In the last decade international scale outages have occurred with unfortunate regularity. While the impact of these outages has been limited to a few hours or days, they have been expensive and prompted fears that more severe failures could occur. While crises are perceived as events, their true origins come f...

Society's welfare is very dependent on the effective performance of Critical Infrastructure (CI). Nowadays, CI constitutes a network of interconnected and interdependent entities. This means that a serious event in one CI can originate cascading events in the rest, leading to a serious crisis. As a consequence, Crisis Management (CM) and Critical I...

This paper analyses the Collision Detection prob-lem in Dense Geometry sets, such as those that are found in mechanical applications, especially in Virtual Reality applications for the evaluation of machine designs using large haptic systems. Stud-ies have been carried out with VFM and a well-known public collision method: V-Collide. VFM collision...