Josh Walawender

W. M. Keck Observatory

Characterizing outer companions to hot Jupiters plays a crucial role in deciphering their origins. We present the discovery of a long-period giant planet, HD 118203 c ( m c = 11.79 − 0.63 + 0.69 M J , a c = 6.28 − 0.11 + 0.10 au) exterior to a close-in eccentric hot Jupiter HD 118203 b ( P b = 6.135 days, m b = 2.14 ± 0.12 M J , r b = 1.14 ± 0.029...

Asteroseismology of dwarf stars cooler than the Sun is very challenging owing to the low amplitudes and rapid timescales of oscillations. Here we present the asteroseismic detection of solar-like oscillations at 4-minute timescales ( ν max ∼ 4300 μ Hz) in the nearby K dwarf σ Draconis using extreme-precision Doppler velocity observations from the K...

We report the sky-projected spin–orbit angle λ for HD 191939 b, the innermost planet in a six-planet system, using Keck/KPF to detect the Rossiter–McLaughlin (RM) effect. Planet b is a sub-Neptune with radius 3.4 ± 0.8 R ⊕ and mass 10.0 ± 0.7 M ⊕ with an RM amplitude <1 m s ⁻¹ . We find the planet is consistent with a well-aligned orbit, measuring...

We introduce the OATMEAL survey, an effort to measure the obliquities of stars with transiting brown dwarf companions. We observed a transit of the close-in ( P orb = 1.74 days) brown dwarf GPX-1 b using the Keck Planet Finder spectrograph to measure the sky-projected angle between its orbital axis and the spin axis of its early F-type host star (...

We present the first spectroscopic transit results from the newly commissioned Keck Planet Finder on the Keck-I telescope at W. M. Keck Observatory. We observed a transit of KELT-18 b, an inflated ultrahot Jupiter orbiting a hot star ( T eff = 6670 K) with a binary stellar companion. By modeling the perturbation to the measured cross-correlation fu...

Hundreds of exoplanets between 1-1.8 times the size of the Earth have been discovered on close in orbits. However, these planets show such a diversity in densities that some appear to be made entirely of iron, while others appear to host gaseous envelopes. To test this diversity in composition, we update the masses of 5 rocky exoplanets (HD 93963 A...

We report the sky-projected spin-orbit angle $\lambda$ for HD 191939 b, the innermost planet in a 6 planet system, using Keck/KPF to detect the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect. Planet b is a sub-Neptune with radius 3.4 $\pm$ 0.8 R$_{\oplus}$ and mass 10.0 $\pm$ 0.7 M$_{\oplus}$ with an RM amplitude $<$1 ms$^{-1}$. We find the planet is consistent w...

The orbits of close-in exoplanets provide clues to their formation and evolutionary history. Many close-in exoplanets likely formed far out in their protoplanetary disks and migrated to their current orbits, perhaps via high-eccentricity migration (HEM), a process that can also excite obliquities. A handful of known exoplanets are perhaps caught in...

TOI-6255 b (GJ 4256) is an Earth-sized planet (1.079 ± 0.065 R ⊕ ) with an orbital period of only 5.7 hr. With the newly commissioned Keck Planet Finder and CARMENES spectrographs, we determine the planet’s mass to be 1.44 ± 0.14 M ⊕ . The planet is just outside the Roche limit, with P orb / P Roche = 1.13 ± 0.10. The strong tidal force likely defo...

The Astropy Project (http://astropy.org) is, in its own words, "a community effort to develop a single core package for Astronomy in Python and foster interoperability between Python astronomy packages." For five years this project has been managed, written, and operated as a grassroots, self-organized, almost entirely volunteer effort while the so...

We have searched the L1340 A, B, and C clouds for shocks from protostellar outflows using the H$_2$ 2.122 $\mu$m near-IR line as a shock tracer. Substantial outflow activity has been found in each of the three regions of the cloud (L1340 A, L1340 B, & L1340 C). We find 42 distinct shock complexes (16 in L1340 A, 11 in L1340 B, and 15 in L1340 C). W...

During the past year, the Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and Spectrograph at Subaru has undergone an upgrade of its science detectors, the housekeeping electronics and the instrument control software. This overhaul aims at increasing MOIRCS' sensitivity, observing efficiency and stability. Here we present the installation and the alignment procedure...

The luminous Class I protostar HBC 494, embedded in the Orion A cloud, is associated with a pair of reflection nebulae, Re50 and Re50N, which appeared sometime between 1955 and 1979. We have found that a dramatic brightening of Re50N has taken place sometime between 2006 and 2014. This could result if the embedded source is undergoing a FUor erupti...

The Panoptic Astronomical Networked OPtical observatory for Transiting Exoplanets Survey (PANOPTES, www.projectpanoptes.org) project is aimed at identifying transiting exoplanets using a wide network of low-cost imaging units. Each unit consists of two commercial digital single lens reflex (DSLR) cameras equipped with 85mm F1.4 lenses, mounted on a...

The goal of Project Panoptes (Panoptic Astronomical Networked OPtical observatory for Transiting Exoplanets Survey, see http://projectpanoptes.org/) is to build low cost, reliable, robotic telescopes which can be used to detect transiting exoplanets. The hardware is designed to be standardized, using as many commercial off the shelf components as p...

We have searched the Lynds 988 dark cloud complex for optical (\ha{} and \sii{}) and near-IR (\mh{} 2.12 $\mu$m) shocks from protostellar outflows. We find 20 new Herbig-Haro objects and 6 new \mh{} shocks (MHO objects), 3 of which are cross detections. Using the morphology in the optical and near-IR, we connect several of these shocks into at leas...

We report the discovery of new Herbig-Haro shocks in the southeastern portion of the Taurus molecular cloud complex. The embedded protostar IRAS04325+2402, located in the eastern end of the B18 dark cloud in the cloud region known as L1535, drives a parsec-scale outflow with a length of at least 134' (5.5 pc) toward P.A. = 17°/197° making this the...

We present a study of the HH 110/270 system based on three sets of optical images obtained with the ESO New Technology Telescope, the Subaru Telescope, and the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The ground-based observations are made in the H{alpha} and [S II] emission lines and the HST observations are made in the H{alpha} line only. Ground-based obser...

We are conducting a long-term continuous monitoring of Jupiter's H+3 auroral flux from an observatory atop Mauna Kea, essential to separate the intrinsic variations and solar-wind driven variations. JAXA contributes an infrared camera while UHH installs and maintains the 90-cm telescope. After completion of all initial tests and adjustments, we wil...

We present the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS), a 1.1 mm continuum survey at 33" effective resolution of 170 square degrees of the Galactic Plane visible from the northern hemisphere. The survey is contiguous over the range -10.5 < l < 90.5, |b| < 0.5 and encompasses 133 square degrees, including some extended regions |b| < 1.5. In addition to...

A population of 11 faint, collimated jets has been discovered in the northern part of the L1641 cloud in the region of HH 1/2, HH 34, and the L1641-N cluster. These jets were missed in previous imaging surveys on account of their weak emission, and they were discovered only on deep exposures with the Subaru 8m telescope. With these new faint jets,...

The BGPS is described in full detail in Paper I, Aguirre et al., 2010, submitted. The survey uses the 144-element Bolocam array on the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory, which observes in a band centered at 268GHz (1.1mm) and a width of 46GHz. (1 data file).

The Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS) data for a 6 deg2 region of the Galactic plane containing the Galactic center are analyzed and compared to infrared and radio continuum data. The BGPS 1.1 mm emission consists of clumps interconnected by a network of fainter filaments surrounding cavities, a few of which are filled with diffuse near-IR emiss...

We present the 1.1 mm Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS) observations of the Gemini OB1 molecular cloud complex, and targeted NH3 observations of the BGPS sources. When paired with molecular spectroscopy of a dense gas tracer, millimeter observations yield physical properties such as masses, radii, mean densities, kinetic temperatures, and line w...

We present a catalog of 8358 sources extracted from images produced by the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey (BGPS). The BGPS is a survey of the millimeter dust continuum emission from the northern Galactic plane. The catalog sources are extracted using a custom algorithm, Bolocat, which was designed specifically to identify and characterize objects in...

En este trabajo estudiamos objetos Herbig-Haro ubicados en la región alrededor de la cabeza del glóbulo cometario CG 30. Se presentan dos conjuntos de imágenes ópticas. El primero consta de imágenes obtenidas con el New Technology Telescope de 3.5 m en 1995 en tres líneas de emisión: H¿, [SII]¿¿6731,6716 ¿A y [O II]¿3729 ¿A. El segundo conjunto es...

New observations of protostellar outflows associated with young stars in two of Orion's outlying cometary clouds, L1622 and L1634, are presented. The Hα surface brightness of the bright rims are used to argue that both clouds are located at a distance of about 400 pc in the interior of the Orion superbubble where they are illuminated by Orion's mas...

We have used deep optical (Hα and [S II]) and near-IR (H2 and KS ) images and catalogs of protostars based on optical and infrared data to follow up our previous observations and examine the protostellar outflow population in the Barnard 1 (B1) dark cloud. The deep images presented here link shocks at the low extinction periphery of the cloud to an...

We present an account of the commissioning of a small, wide field telescope (VYSOS-5) which is the first component of the VYSOS (Variable Young Stellar Objects Survey) telescope network to become operational. The VYSOS network will consist of four telescopes, two situated at Mauna Loa on the Big Island of Hawaii and two situated at Cerro Armazones...

The molecular cloud complex encompassing the cometary clouds L1617 and L1622 is located just outside of Barnard's Loop in Orion. It lies to the northeast of the Orion Nebula Cluster at a projected distance of 60 pc. The two clouds have radial velocities that differ by about 10 km/s, suggesting that they are not physically associated. Both clouds sh...

A joint team from Colorado, Texas, Caltech, and Hawaii is surveying more than 90 square degrees of the northern Galactic Plane at 1.1mm using the 144 element Bolocam camera on the Caltech Submillimeter Telescope. The survey will provide an unbiased view of the cold dust emission in the ISM from core to spiral arm scales. Some of the science goals t...

The Circinus giant molecular cloud is a little explored region that deserves closer study owing to the many signs of vigorous low-mass star formation in the form of Halpha emission stars, Herbig-Haro objects, molecular outflows, and embedded sources. The western part of the cloud complex has a filamentary structure with numerous cavities, indicatin...

NGC 1333 is the currently most active region of star formation in the Perseus molecular cloud. The presence of emission-line stars and Herbig-Haro objects first established NGC 1333 as an active region of star formation. Today, NGC 1333 is one of the best studied extremely young clusters of low to intermediate mass stars. This region is rich in sub...

The Perseus molecular cloud and its surroundings contain several regions of active or recent star formation lying within about 300 pc of the Sun (see Figure ref{FinderChart}). Roughly a dozen OB and over a thousand lower mass stars younger than 6 Myr make up the 50 pc diameter Perseus OB 2 association. Recent supernovae in the Per OB2 association d...

We present new images and proper-motion measurements of irradiated outflows from young stars in the outskirts of the Orion Nebula obtained with the Advanced Camera for Surveys onboard the Hubble Space Telescope. The images reveal many new outflows and new details in previously detected flows. The large-scale bipolar flows such as HH 502, 505, 874,...

Using optical (Hα and [S II]), near-IR (H2 and Ks), and submillimeter (850 and 450 μm) data, we have examined the region surrounding the Barnard 1 (B1) core and found a multitude of new shocks from protostellar outflows. We trace several flows, some of which are large, parsec-scale outflows with dynamic ages of order 104 yr, indicating that star fo...

We present Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys images of the giant proplyd 181-826 in the southern Orion Nebula. This object exhibits a variety of known proplyd properties—an optically visible central star, a silhouette disk, a bright proplyd ionization front, and a bipolar microjet emerging along the disk axis that powers a larger H...

We present a wide-field CCD survey of Herbig-Haro objects in the S140 H II region and the adjacent molecular cloud. Two outflows originating in the S140 molecular cloud core are breaking into the surrounding H II region. The P.A. = 65°/245° molecular outflow that originates from IRS 3 in the S140 infrared cluster has driven an optically visible bow...

We report the discovery of a new giant Herbig-Haro flow near the L1451 region of the Perseus molecular cloud. The east-west oriented flow contains two known HH objects (HH 280 and HH 317), two new HH objects (HH 492 and HH 493), and is 2.1 pc long. The flow is driven by the Class I protostar IRAS 03235+3004 embedded in a bright-rimmed, sharp-edged...

We report the discovery of two new circumstellar ring nebulae in the western Carina Nebula. The brighter object, SBW1, resembles a lidless staring eye and encircles a B1.5 Iab supergiant. Its size is identical to the inner ring around SN1987A, but SBW1's low N abundance indicates that the star didn't pass through a RSG phase. The fainter object, SB...

We present new images of two squares degrees towards the Galactic Center at 1.1 millimeters obtained with Bolocam at the CSO as a part of the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey. Emission at this wavelength is compared with additional images from SHARC 2 at 350 microns and SCUBA at 450 and 850 microns as well as archival data from MSX and 2MASS. Infrared...

We present a survey of shocks and outflows in the Chamaeleon I star-forming complex using Halpha, [S II], and SDSS i' images obtained from the ground, an i' image obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, and 4.5 mum images obtained with the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on the Spitzer Space Telescope. We find new Herbig-Haro (HH) objects and extens...

Using optical (Halpha, [S II], and i'), near-IR (H2, J, H, and KS), mid-IR (Spitzer Space Telescope IRAC 4.5 mum), and submillimeter (850 and 450 mum) data, we have examined the region surrounding the IC 348 cluster and the neighboring ``Flying Ghost Nebula'' (FGN) and found a multitude of shocks from protostellar outflows including HH 211, which h...

We present Spitzer IRAC and ground-based CCD images of the Chamaeleon I star forming region. At least three centers of star formation power multiple parsec-scale outflows into their surroundings. The brightest shock in this cloud, HH 49/50, is shown to merely trace the brightest part of a giant double bow-shock structure powered by a parsec-scale o...

Star formation is a dynamic process in which newly formed stars interact with their parent molecular cloud. This feedback generates turbulence and gas motions which affects subsequent star formation within that cloud. Millimeter- wave observations of molecular clouds have revealed supersonic line widths, which are presumed to be due to turbulent mo...

A second generation near-infrared instrument was built by the University of Colorado for the ARC 3.5 meter telescope and is being commissioned at the Apache Point Observatory. An initial engineering run, first light, commissioning observations, and initial facility science operations have been accomplished in the last year. Instrument imaging perfo...

We present a catalog of 72 new Herbig-Haro (HH) objects discovered in the Perseus molecular cloud. There are 69 previously cataloged HH objects in this region, and the new discoveries bring the total number of known HH objects in Perseus to 141. Individual outflows often contain several distinct HH objects. These observations demonstrate that the P...

We present results of an analysis of the Perseus molecular cloud using a combination of 850um continuum data to trace small-scale structure and near-IR extinction data to trace the large-scale structure of the cloud. We analyze the structure in both maps, including fitting "clumps" found in the sub-millimetre to Bonnor-Ebert spheres. The cumulative...

We report the detection of several new circumstellar disks seen in silhouette in the outskirts of the Orion nebula and M43, detected as part of our Halpha survey of Orion with the HST/ACS. Several of the disks show bipolar reflection nebulae, microjets, or temporal variability. Two disks in our sample are large and particularly noteworthy: A nearly...

We propose to probe the line emission from nearby star forming regions in the 5 to 37 micron spectral range using the slit-scan mode of IRS. Our goals are: [1] Measure the fluxes produced by the pure rotational lines of molecular hydrogen and other spectral features in the 5 to 38 micrometer region from the surroundings of 4 well-studied and nearby...

We present first results from an NOAO Survey Project entitled ``A Deep Imaging Survey of Nearby Star-Forming Clouds." We emphasize results from a 7.5 square degree survey of the Perseus Molecular Cloud in narrowband filters using the MOSAIC camera on the Mayall 4 meter telescope at Kitt Peak. We have discovered dozens of new shocks from protostella...

We report the discovery of HH666, a fiendish bipolar Herbig-Haro jet in the Carina Nebula, with a total projected length of over 3 pc. Optical and IR images show several malevolent shocks along the jet axis, and long-slit echelle spectra reveal the kinematics of the diabolical outflow. We also identify the optically-invisible driving source HH666 I...

We propose to search for new irradiated jets and protostellar outflows, shocks, protoplanetary disks seen in silhouette (dark proplyds), and photo-ablating disks (bright proplyds), in the Carina Nebula with narrow-band filters and the MOSAIC camera on the CTIO 4 meter. Pilot observations obtained last December have demonstrated that this region con...

We present the first comprehensive, deep, narow-band, visual wavelength imaging surveys of entire giant molecular clouds in Halpha and [SII]. The 8192 by 8192 pixel MOSAIC cameras were used on the KPNO 0.9 m, the KPNO 4 m, and the CTIO 4 m telescopes to survey portions of the Serpens, Cepheus, and Taurus molecular clouds, and the entire Perseus, Or...

We present the results of an observational study of the local galactic magnetic field probed by the polarization of starlight. Using a least-squares fitting technique we derive the local direction and curvature of the uniform component of the galactic magnetic field. We find a local direction of lo = 80.6o, a radius of curvature, Rcc = 7.8 kpc, and...

An increasing number of remote or robotically controlled telescopes are using commercial "off the shelf" hardware and software. We describe a system which has been implemented in the Variable Young Stellar Objects Survey (VYSOS) project which uses simple, commercially available software and hardware to enable the quick restoration of observatory op...