Joseph Sushil Rao

Joseph Sushil Rao
University of Minnesota | UMN · Abdominal Organ Transplantation

MD

About

52
Publications
11,709
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1,120
Citations
Introduction
Dr. Joseph Sushil Rao is the surgical lead for organ cryopreservation, exogenic organ development and transplant immunology in the Division of Solid Organ Transplantation & Schulze Diabetes Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota.
Additional affiliations
January 2018 - February 2019
St. John's National Academy of Health Sciences
Position
  • Junior Resident
November 2016 - December 2016
University of Minnesota Medical Center, Fairview
Position
  • Clerkship
October 2016 - November 2016
University of Minnesota Medical Center, Fairview
Position
  • Clerkship
Education
August 2010 - December 2016

Publications

Publications (52)
Preprint
Full-text available
Background and Aims: High-throughput in vitro pharmacological toxicity testing is essential for drug discovery. Precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) provide a robust system for screening that is more representative of the complex 3D structure of the whole liver than isolated hepatocytes. However, PCLS are not available as off-the-shelf products, signi...
Article
Full-text available
Background Chronic immunosuppression following pancreas transplantation carries significant risk, including posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD). We sought to define the incidence, risk factors, and long‐term outcomes of PTLD following pancreas transplantation at a single center. Methods All adult pancreas transplants between February...
Article
Full-text available
There is a critical need for sorting complex materials, such as pancreatic islets of Langerhans, exocrine acinar tissues, and embryoid bodies. These materials are cell clusters, which have highly heterogeneous physical properties (such as size, shape, morphology, and deformability). Selecting such materials on the basis of specific properties can i...
Article
Partial liver resections are routinely performed in living donor liver transplantation and to debulk tumours in liver malignancies, but surgical decisions on vessel reconstruction for adequate inflow and outflow are challenging. Pre-operative evaluation is often limited to radiological imaging, which fails to account for post-resection haemodynamic...
Article
Full-text available
Vitrification could enable long-term organ preservation, but only after loading high-concentration, potentially toxic cryoprotective agents (CPAs) by perfusion. In this paper, we combine a two-compartment Krogh cylinder model with a toxicity cost function to theoretically optimize the loading of CPA (VMP) in rat kidneys as a model system. First, ba...
Article
Full-text available
Banking cryopreserved organs could transform transplantation into a planned procedure that more equitably reaches patients regardless of geographical and time constraints. Previous organ cryopreservation attempts have failed primarily due to ice formation, but a promising alternative is vitrification, or the rapid cooling of organs to a stable, ice...
Article
Genetically engineered pigs with multiple gene deletions and insertions are predicted to extend porcine to human xenograft survival. Several genes have been successfully knocked out and inserted, yet more have failed to produce viable animals for unexplained reasons. The effects of gene editing on cellular homeostasis may be the cause of reduced em...
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Full-text available
Liver transplantation is the only treatment for hepatic insufficiency as a result of acute and chronic liver injuries/pathologies that fail to recover. Unfortunately, there remains an enormous and growing gap between organ supply and demand. Although recipients on the liver transplantation waitlist have significantly higher mortality, livers are of...
Article
Transplantation has substituted dysfunctional organs with healthy organs from donors to significantly lower morbidity and mortality associated with end-stage organ disease. Since the advent of transplantation, the promise of functional replacement has attracted an exponential mismatch between organ supply and demand. Theoretical proposals to counte...
Preprint
Full-text available
Partial liver resections are routinely performed in living donor liver transplantation and to debulk tumors in liver malignancies. Due to the complexity of the interconnected hepatic vasculature, pre- and intra-operative decisions on vessel reconstruction for adequate inflow and outflow are challenging. Pre-operative evaluation of hepatic vasculatu...
Article
Liver cryopreservation has the potential to enable indefinite organ banking. This study investigated vitrification—the ice-free cryopreservation of livers in a glass-like state—as a promising alternative to conventional cryopreservation, which uniformly fails due to damage from ice formation or cracking. Our unique “nanowarming” technology, which i...
Article
Full-text available
Background Directly Observed Treatment (DOT) is a requirement in the management of Tuberculosis (TB) globally. With the transition from alternate day treatment to daily treatment in India, monitoring treatment adherence through DOT is a logistic challenge. The pervasiveness of mobile phones in India provides a unique opportunity to address this cha...
Article
Full-text available
Pancreatic islet transplantation can cure diabetes but requires accessible, high-quality islets in sufficient quantities. Cryopreservation could solve islet supply chain challenges by enabling quality-controlled banking and pooling of donor islets. Unfortunately, cryopreservation has not succeeded in this objective, as it must simultaneously provid...
Preprint
BACKGROUND Direct Observed Treatment (DOT) is a requirement in the management of Tuberculosis (TB) globally. With the transition from alternate day treatment to daily treatment in India, monitoring treatment adherence through DOT is a logistic challenge. The pervasiveness of mobile phones in India therefore provides a unique opportunity to address...
Article
Full-text available
To extend the preservation of donor hearts beyond the current 4–6 h, this paper explores heart cryopreservation by vitrification—cryogenic storage in a glass‐like state. While organ vitrification is made possible by using cryoprotective agents (CPA) that inhibit ice during cooling, failure occurs during convective rewarming due to slow and non‐unif...
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Full-text available
The human leukocyte antigen G1 (HLA-G1), a non-classical class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) protein, is a potent immunomodulatory molecule at the maternal/fetal interface and other environments to regulate the cellular immune response. We created GGTA1⁻/HLAG1⁺ pigs to explore their use as organ and cell donors that may extend xenograf...
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Vitrification can dramatically increase the storage of viable biomaterials in the cryogenic state for years. Unfortunately, vitrified systems ≥3 mL like large tissues and organs, cannot currently be rewarmed sufficiently rapidly or uniformly by convective approaches to avoid ice crystallization or cracking failures. A new volumetric rewarming techn...
Article
Introduction: Macrophages contribute to xenograft rejection by direct cytotoxicity and by amplifying T cell-mediated immune responses. It has been shown that transgenic expression of hCD47 protects porcine cells from human macrophages by restoring the CD47-SIRPα self-recognition signal. It has also been reported that the long 3' untranslated regio...
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Coronavirus has emerged as a global health treat due to its accelerated geographic spread over the last two decades. This article reviews the current state of knowledge concerning the origin, transmission, diagnosis and management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Historically, it has caused two pandemics: severeacute respiratory syndrome and...
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Background and Aims: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) lead to increased morbidity, mortality, length of hospital stay, and cost to the patient. This study was conducted to determine the risk factors and assess the incidence of PPC after non-cardiac surgery. Material and Methods: This prospective, observational study was conducted on 1,...
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Full-text available
Neutrophil–Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) provides an understanding of the systemic inflammatory conditions. NLR plays an important role as a predictor of mortality in breast and other malignancies. The application of NLR to predict prognosis of Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (LABC) has not been well developed. In this retrospective study, we establish a r...
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Background: Sentinel Lymph Node (SLN) biopsy is the standard technique of pathologically staging a clinically negative axilla for decisions on adjuvant treatment. Multiple techniques and materials can be used to identify sentinel lymph nodes, of which, Blue Dye or Radio isotopes are commonly used. Due to high costs of radioisotope techniques, dyes...
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T he World Health Organization (WHO) in the year 2010 defined mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC) as neoplasms involving both the neuroendocrine and the epithelial components. The diagnostic criteria of MANEC are as follows: Both the components must be malignant and each component has to comprise at least 30% of the tumor [1]. Cordier in th...
Article
Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), a systemic autoimmune disease, is diagnosed by correlating clinical features with a positive Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) test. Detection of ANA by Indirect Immunofluorescence (IIF) is used for screening SLE and is dependent on initial dilution titers which require population-specific standardization. W...
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Background: of the world. Rarity of its incidence could be due to protective effects of melanin.Though it is the largest organ by surface area, occurrence of cutaneous malignanc Presentation is usually earlier due to the fact that it is easily noticeable. sex incidence, common site of presentation, type of histology,optimal management and its outco...
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Context Buses take up more than 90% of public transport in Indian cities and serve as a cheap and convenient mode of transport for all classes of society. However, the well-being of employees of this mode of transport is paramount in passenger and personal safety. As in any job, the person has to balance work and personal issues. Work–life balance...
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Full-text available
Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of TB lymphadenitis (TBL) in HIV shows four different patterns, which may be reflective of immune status. We hypothesize that the CD(4) counts, a marker of immunologic status, correlates with FNAC morphology of TBL. This study was undertaken to compare the mean CD(4) counts across the different cy...

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