Joseph Nowarski

Nowarski Engineering · Energy Conservation

This work applies a system of Climate Change Rating of countries (CCR). The parameters included in the rating are CO2 emissions per capita and per GDP, cumulative CO2 emissions in the last 30 years, and change of emissions in the last 10 years. The parameters are compared to the world averages conservatively determined for every year. The CCR for...

This work proposes a system of Climate Change Rating of countries (CCR). The parameters included in the rating are CO2 emissions per capita and per GDP, cumulative CO2 emissions in the last 30 years, and changes in CO2 intensity in the last 10 years. The parameters are compared to the world averages. The CCR for 2020 includes 208 countries, 99.99%...

The dataset includes results of the Global Warming forecast applying the power trendline of the Global Warming over the Ocean (GWO) and Global Warming over the Land+Ocean (GW) ratio in the years 1940-2021. The calculations also involve the area of the land and the ocean of the Earth with 31.18% applied to the land.

This publication analyzes 12 options for forecasting Global Warming over the Land (GWL) and Global Warming over the Ocean (GWO). The trendlines' parameters are related to the Global Warming over the land+ocean (GW): o GWL/GW o GWO/GW o GWL-GW o GWO-GW The trendline types are: o linear o parabolic o power The periods considered for the trendlines ar...

This work applies a system of Climate Change Rating of countries (CCR). The parameters included in the rating are CO2 emissions per capita and per GDP, cumulative CO2 emissions in the last 30 years, and change of emissions in the last 10 years. The parameters are compared to the world averages conservatively determined for every year. The CCR for 2...

This publication introduces the simulation procedure of solar water collector stagnation temperature. The calculations are for central solar water heating systems in multi-apartment residential buildings in Tel Aviv. The stagnation may be caused by the system's circulation pump being shut down by incorrect pump control. The stagnation temperature d...

This dataset is based on hourly month averages of a typical year in Tel Aviv as determined by the Israel Meteorological Service. The results are for every hour for 6 tilt angles and 16 directions. The dataset is in two parts. The first part contains the global radiation every hour in 6 tilt angles and 16 directions in Tel Aviv, expressed in W/m2. T...

This work is related to the Climate Change Rating of Countries (CCR). The parameters included in the rating are CO2 emissions per capita and per GDP, cumulative CO2 emissions in the last 30 years, and change of emissions in the last 10 years. The parameters are compared to the world averages. A lower CCR value results in a better rating. The A-G ra...

This work is related to the Climate Change Rating of Countries (CCR). The parameters included in the rating are CO2 emissions per capita and per GDP, cumulative CO2 emissions in the last 30 years, and change in the emissions in the last 10 years. The parameters are compared to the world averages. The A-G rating groups are according to the CCR limit...

This work applies a system of Climate Change Rating of countries (CCR). The parameters included in the rating are CO2 emissions per capita and per GDP, cumulative CO2 emissions in the last 30 years, and change of emissions in the last 10 years. The parameters are compared to the world averages conservatively determined for every year. The CCR for 2...

This work is related to the Climate Change Rating of Countries (CCR). The parameters included in the rating are CO2 emissions per capita and per GDP, cumulative CO2 emissions in the last 30 years, and change in the emissions in the last 10 years. The parameters are compared to the world averages. OECD CCR is 111, 4% worse than in 2020 and 10% worse...

This work is related to the Climate Change Rating of Countries (CCR). The parameters included in the rating are CO2 emissions per capita and per GDP, cumulative CO2 emissions in the last 30 years, and change in the emissions in the last 10 years. The parameters are compared to the world averages. The A-G rating groups are according to the CCR limit...

This work proposes a system of Climate Change Rating of countries (CCR). The parameters included in the rating are CO2 emissions per capita and per GDP, cumulative CO2 emissions in the last 30 years, and changes in CO2 intensity in the last 10 years. The parameters are compared to the world averages. The CCR for 2020 includes 208 countries, 99.99%...

This work proposes a system of Climate Change Rating of countries (CCR). The parameters included in the rating are CO2 emissions per capita and per GDP, cumulative CO2 emissions in the last 30 years, and change of emissions in the last 10 years. The parameters are compared to the world averages. The rating is related to the specific CO2 emissions,...

This work analyzes CO2 emissions per GDP (Cp$) in the period 1990-2020. The dataset includes 192 countries, 99.1% of the population of the world, 99.4% of the world GDP and 99.6% of global CO2 emissions without international transport. The GDP per capita of the countries included in this work was in 2020 16,247$/cap compared to the world average 16...

MM, the new CO2 Emissions Mitigation Mechanism (Mitigation Mechanism) proposed in this work, is the CO2 mitigation program assisting the countries to reach the 1.5°C-2.0°C global warming limit in the year 2100. Considering climate justice, the countries which will not reduce their CO2 emissions to the limit in a specific year will buy carbon credit...

This work analyzes CO2 emissions per capita (CpC) in the period 1990-2020. The dataset includes 212 countries, 99.8% of the global CO2 emissions. The world average CpC was 4.3366 tCO2/y,cap in 2020, 4.1% above the 1990 level. CO2 emissions above the world average CpC in the period 1990-2020 by 81 countries were 39% of the global CO2 emissions in th...

This work includes Business As Usual (BAU) forecast of the world's global CO2 emissions per capita (CpC) in the period 2020-2100. The CO2 emission forecast is from the publication "Dataset Global Warming Forecast using Acceleration Factors" [3]. According to this publication, the CO2 emissions without international transport will change from 33,803...

The dataset includes Business As Usual (BAU) forecast of the world's global CO2 emissions per capita (CpC) for 2020-2100. The CO2 emission forecast is from the publication “Dataset Global Warming Forecast using Acceleration Factors” [3]. According to this publication, the CO2 emissions without international transport will change from 33,803 MtCO2/y...

This work includes Business As Usual (BAU) forecast of the world’s global CO2 emissions per GDP (Cp$) in the period 2020-2100. The CO2 emissions BAU forecast is from the publication “Dataset Global Warming Forecast using Acceleration Factors” [3]. According to this publication, the CO2 emissions without international transport will change from 33,...

This work analyzes cumulative CO2 emissions per cumulative GDP (CCp$$) in the period 1990-2020. The dataset includes 192 countries, 99.1% of the population of the world, 99.4% GDP of the world and 99.2% of the global cumulative CO2 emissions without international transport. The cumulative GDP of the countries included in this work is 2,564 MM$GDP,...

The dataset includes Business as Usual (BAU) forecast of world global CO2 emissions per GDP (Cp$) for 2020-2100. The CO2 emission forecast is from the publication “Dataset Global Warming Forecast using Acceleration Factors” [6]. According to this publication, the CO2 emissions without international transport will change from 33,803 MtCO2/y in 2020...

The necessary cumulative CO2 emissions reduction to reach the 1.5°C Global Warming limit in 2100 is 2,353,587 MtCO2. This may be done by decreasing the world's CO2 emissions per GDP (Cp$) annually by 18%. The necessary cumulative CO2 emissions reduction to reach the 1.7°C Global Warming limit in 2100 is 2,086,161 MtCO2. This may be done by decreasi...

The necessary cumulative CO2 emissions reduction to reach the 1.5°C Global Warming limit in 2100 is 2,359,526 MtCO2. This may be done by decreasing the world's CO2 emissions per capita (CpC) annually by 17%. The necessary cumulative CO2 emissions reduction to reach the 1.7°C Global Warming limit in 2100 is 2,085,593 MtCO2. This may be done by decre...

The dataset of global cumulative CO2 emissions is from 1750. The baseline of this dataset is 1749. The dataset includes also international transport cumulative CO2 emissions from 1950. The baseline of international transport is 1949. This work considers the year 1783, when the first steamship was built, as the first year of the international transp...

This dataset considers the year 1783, when the first steamship was built, as the first year of the international transport CO2 emissions. The global cumulative CO2 emissions including international transport are converted to the 1875 baseline, similar to the Global Warming baseline (1850-1900).

The dataset includes results of Global Warming forecast using four methods. The methods include a parabolic trendline of the last 61 years of global warming and cumulated CO2 emissions. Two other methods apply the velocity and the acceleration of global warming and cumulative CO2 emissions. The relation between the global surface temperature change...

This publication analysis a correlation between the cumulative CO2 emissions and the global surface temperature change. The change in global surface temperature was calculated as the difference in the two most recent 31 years neighboring periods, and the change in the cumulative CO2 emissions is the difference between the actual values in the cente...

This publication introduces four methods to forecast the global surface temperature over land and ocean (global warming). The methods include a parabolic trendline of the last 61 years of global warming and cumulated CO2 emissions. Two other methods apply the velocity and the acceleration of global warming and cumulative CO2 emissions. The relation...

This publication analyzes changes in global warming rates (GWR) expressed in Centigrade per year (°C/y) and introduces a parameter “global warming acceleration” (GWA) expressed in Centigrade per year per year (°C/y2). GWA may be applied to forecast the GWR for the next decade. If the current decrease of GWA will continue for the next 11 years, Glo...

This publication introduces two parameters related to cumulative CO2 emissions. The first parameter is "Velocity of Change in Cumulative CO2 Emissions", VCCO2. This parameter represents an average annual change in cumulative CO2 emissions and is expressed in ton of CO2 per year. The second parameter is "Acceleration of Change in Cumulative CO2 Emis...

This publication introduces two parameters related to cumulative CO2 emissions. The first parameter is "Velocity of Change in Cumulative CO2 Emissions", VCCO2. This parameter represents an average annual change in cumulative CO2 emissions and is expressed in ton of CO2 per year. The second parameter is "Acceleration of Change in Cumulative CO2 Emis...

The design of a building's exterior walls has an important influence on energy consumption, building cost and thermal comfort. It influences also heating and cooling devices’ size. Optimization of energy consumption of the building requires consideration of the building materials, their thickness and mass, type and thickness of insulation, and loca...

This publication introduces two parameters related to cumulative CO2 emissions. The first parameter is "Velocity of Change in Cumulative CO2 Emissions", VCCO2. This parameter represents average annual change in cumulative CO2 emissions, and is expressed in ton of CO2 per year. The second parameter is "Acceleration of Change in Cumulative CO2 Emissi...

This publication includes details regarding the online converter of global warming baselines "Global Warming Online Baselines Converter, °C" available on the Internet site nowagreen.com/globalwarming. This converter displays the conversion factor from any period to any period in the range 1850-2021 for land+ocean, 1880-2021 for ocean-only, or 1750-...

Changes in this version: added original baselines data, added formula for conversion from the original baseline to 1850-1900 baseline, including relevant conversion factor.

This publication analyzes changes of global warming rates (GWR) expressed in Centigrade per year (°C/y) and introduces a parameter “global warming acceleration” (GWA) expressed in Centigrade per year per year (°C/y2). GWA may be applied for prediction of the GWR for the next decade. If the current decrease of GWA will continue for the next 11 year...

Global warming datasets converted to the uniform baseline. NASA, NOAA and Berkeley Earth datasets of global surface temperature changes in the period 1850-2021 for land+ocean, 1750-2021 for land only and 1880-2021 for ocean only, converted to the 1850-1900 baseline.

This publication includes global warming databases converted to the uniform baseline. The publication includes NASA, NOAA and Berkeley Earth databases of global surface temperature changes in the period 1850-2021 for land+ocean, 1750-2021 for land only and 1880-2021 for ocean only. The databases are converted to the 1850-1900 baseline showing minor...

Annual averages of global surface temperature changes for land only based on Berkeley Earth monthly dataset above the 1951-1980 baseline. The dataset is from 1750 in °C, 3 decimal places.

This publication includes a conversion table between various baselines of global surface temperature changes. The conversion factor from 1951-1980 to 1850-1900 baseline is +0.31°C for land+ocean, +0.49°C for land only, and +0.29°C for ocean only. Glossary Ave average BL baseline CF conversion factor between baselines or reference periods DB dataset...

Calculations of solar water collector hourly thermal energy output as part of central solar water heating system with individual 150 liters storage tanks for each apartment in high rise multi-apartment residential building in Tel Aviv. The energy output at noon is 758 kcal/hr in January and 1,221 kcal/hr in April. Solar collectors supply 2,647 kWh/...

Two completely different monitoring systems were applied to analyze annual air temperature differences. The first monitoring system for analysis of changes in air temperature in Jerusalem is a meteorological station at Jerusalem University. The second monitoring system for analysis of surface temperature changes globally and locally in Israel is ap...

This work demonstrates calculations of solar collector hourly efficiency based on the efficiency curve unique for each collector type. Collector efficiency depends on solar radiation, collector temperature and ambient temperature. Three iterations of calculations were applied, showing relatively small differences between the iterations. The calcula...

The annual minimum air temperature in Jerusalem increases with years. From 1993 to 2019, the minimum temperature increased by 1.47°C from-0.46°C to 1.01°C. Considering the current linear trendline, in year 2100 the minimum yearly temperature in Jerusalem will be 5.60°C, 6.06°C above year 1993 level. Also daily changes of daily average temperature i...

Charging hybrid car with home electricity saves in Israel 69% of energy cost, 1126 USD per year, in country average. Charging the car with off-peak electricity even increases this saving to 78%, 1261 USD/year. Specific plug-in hybrid car was considered, Honda Clarity 2018. The saving depends on car parameters, especially the capacity of the battery...

Linear trendline of air temperature in Jerusalem shows temperature increase between years 2017-2100 as "only" +4.66°C, while the "chain reaction" effect as determined using dynamic trendline, results in +7.00°C additional warming, total +11.66°C. The "chain reaction" of global warming is observed as constant change of air temperature trendline. The...

This work introduces a methodology for determination of energy balance for solar water heater (SWH). Solar legislation in Israel requires installation of solar water heaters in new buildings up to 9 floors from roof. The legislation from year 1980 is based on technology of late 70's. This publication compares old types of installation (steel pipe)...

This work introduces hydroelectric power plant optimization method. The paper also includes some background information used for preparation of HydroElectric Energy On-line Calculator, as on site: http://www.geocities.ws/nowarski/calculators/Hydro.html The calculator is for general information only; it does not include many components and must not...

In Israel, solar energy is an everyday reality for 80% of the population. Since 1980 every new building has been required by law to have a solar installation. Using solar heating for household hot water alone saves over 5% on the country's electricity consumption - a precious contribution in a country that fully relies on imported fuel and coal for...