Josep Raymond

Autonomous University of Barcelona | UAB

Due to the lack of Purchasing Power Parities (PPPs) at sub-national level, regional Gross Domestic Product (GDP) figures have been traditionally adjusted using national PPPs. The simplifying assumption that there are no regional differences in a country, and implicitly that all regions of a country have the same cost of living, might lead to region...

Justified on territorial equity criteria, Spain has developed one of the largest high-speed rail (HSR) network in the world. This research evaluates how the opening of a new station affects the number of firms created at provincial level. We estimate differential impacts on firm creation across four different types of activities: service, tourism,...

En este trabajo se estima el coste de la vida de áreas subnacionales de la economía española: comunidades autónomas (CCAA), áreas urbanas funcionales (AUF), ciudades centrales de estas AUF y sus coronas, a partir de las variables de renta familiar disponible per cápita y del coste de la vivienda. Estas dos variables muestran una buena capacidad pre...

This paper assesses the ability of alternative fare system designs to change the modal-share of public transport use, as well as their corresponding impact on company revenues. Specifically, we provide evidence for how switching from flat to distance fares or from integrated to non-integrated tickets affects both the ridership and the financial sit...

El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir a cubrir el déficit de información respecto a la estimación del PIB municipal presentando un método de cálculo basado en la estimación de la productividad sectorial diferencial de la ciudad respecto a su Comunidad Autónoma. Se utilizan los diferenciales salariales sectoriales entre las ciudades y las Comuni...

We analyze the relationship of CO2 emissions per capita and primary energy per capita with gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and other relevant variables in Colombia for the period 1971–2017. Two partial adjustment models are estimated through the seemingly unrelated regression equations method. There is a decrease in these environmental pres...

Resumen A partir de un enfoque basado en tareas se analizan los patrones de empleo ocupacionales y de calificación en los mercados laborales urbanos del Brasil, Colombia y México entre 2002 y 2015. Se observa una fuerte disminución del empleo en ocupaciones de calificación media y un ligero aumento en las de baja y alta calificación. Según una desc...

Résumé L'analyse, axée sur les tâches, de la structure de l'emploi urbain du Brésil, de la Colombie et du Mexique montre que celui‐ci a nettement diminué entre 2002 et 2015 dans des professions semi‐qualifiées et augmenté dans les professions faiblement et fortement qualifiées. La décomposition des résultats suggère que le déclin de l'emploi des se...

The main aim of this article is to analyse the change of adult skills, as captured by cognitive skills assessed in PIAAC, across age cohorts, taking into account that the quality of schooling may change from one cohort to another. We estimate a model that relates numeracy and literacy skills to age, schooling, gender and variables related to both f...

In this paper, we study the recent employment patterns in urban labor markets in Brazil, Colombia and Mexico. By considering a task‐based approach, we analyze where in the distribution of skills and for what type of occupations employment grew from 2002–2015. Our results suggest that employment fell strongly for some middle‐skilled occupations such...

Using Spanish data, this paper shows that improvements in the road network have a positive effect on private investment in capital assets, and this effect increases with the level of economic development of a geographical area. We use aggregate data at the provincial level between the years 1977–2008. Additionally, we propose a system of equations...

This paper estimates the role that technological change and car characteristics have played in the rate of fuel consumption of vehicles over time. Using data from the Spanish car market from 1988 to 2013, we estimate a reduced form equation that relates fuel consumption with a set of car characteristics. The results for the sales-weighted sample of...

The main aim of this paper is to analyse the evolution of adult skills, as captured by cognitive competencies assessed in the PIAAC, across age cohorts, explicitly taking into account that the quality of schooling might change from one cohort to another. We estimate a model that relates numeracy and literacy competencies to age, schooling, gender a...

Human capital endowment is one of the main factors influencing the level of development of a region. This article analyses whether remoteness from economic activity has a negative effect on human capital accumulation and, consequently, on economic development. Making use of microdata, this research proves that remoteness from economic activity can...

Quality has become the key concept in official statistics. There is a general consensus that we have to consider several components when assessing the quality of statistical information. Relevance, accuracy, timeliness, punctuality, comparability, coherence, accessibility and clarity are the dimensions most frequently mentioned. In this article we...

This paper analyses the effect of job accessibility by public and private transport on labour market outcomes in the metropolitan area of Barcelona. Beyond employment, we consider the effect of job accessibility on job-education mismatch, which represents a relevant aspect of job quality. We adopt a recursive system of equations that models car ava...

This article analyzes the relationship between economic cycle and inequality in the Spanish regions in the period 2003-2011. The results indicate that inequality presents a clearly cyclical behavior: During the expansionary phase (2003-2007) the inequality and polarization decrease meanwhile during the recessionary phase (2008-2011) a clear increas...

Matas A., Raymond J.-L. and Roig J.-L. Wages and accessibility: the impact of transport infrastructure, Regional Studies. This paper contributes to the debate about the effect of accessibility on firms' productivity. It uses a micro-dataset that locates workplaces at the NUTS-3 level of regions. It elaborates an effective density variable using emp...

This paper is aimed at presenting a new intergenerational mobility index that (a) combines the intergenerational elasticity and the R-squared of the intergenerational regression and (b) enables the expression of the total degree of mobility as the weighted sum of mobility with respect to both parents. As a case study, we apply our proposal to inves...

Human capital endowment is one of the main factors influencing the level of development of a region. This paper analyses whether remoteness from economic activity has a negative effect on human capital accumulation and, consequently, on economic development. Making use of microdata this research proves that remoteness from economic activity has con...

This paper contributes to the empirical literature on the effects of agglomeration and road accessibility on productivity of firms by looking at the case of Spain. We approach productivity indirectly by using individual wages allocated at the NUTS III level. We use a repeated cross-section of individual micro-data for the years 1995, 2002 and 2006....

This paper investigates the economic value of Catalan knowledge for national and foreign first- and second-generation immigrants in Catalonia. Specifically, drawing on data from the “Survey on Living Conditions and Habits of the Catalan Population (2006)”, we want to quantify the expected earnings differential between individuals who are proficient...

The objective of this paper is to estimate the impact of residential job accessibility on female employment probability in the metropolitan areas of Barcelona and Madrid. Following a 'spatial mismatch' framework, a female employment probability equation is estimated which includes variables controlling for personal characteristics, residential segr...

Time and value are related concepts that influence human behaviour. Although classical topics in human thinking throughout the ages, few environmental economic non-market valuation studies have attempted to link the two concepts. Economists have estimated non-market environmental values in monetary terms for over 30 years. This history of valuation...

This paper analyzes the degree of intergenerational education mobility among immigrant and native-born youth in Australia. We find that young Australians from non-English-speaking background (NESB) immigrant families have an educational advantage over their English speaking background (ESB) immigrant and Australian-born peers. Moreover, while highl...

In this article we provide a comparison of different formulations for hedonic regression analysis in order to construct a quality adjusted price index for the Spanish car market over the period 1981 to 2005. Specifically, we address the issue of instability of coefficients over time, and propose two alternative estimation procedures based, firstly,...

Besides enrichment at personal level entailed by the increase in the cognitive and intellectual levels of the person associated with education, a large number of studies have verified the greater the human capital of a person, the greater is his employability, his participation in the labour market, his functional and geographical mobility and, the...

Traffic forecasts provide essential input for the appraisal of transport investment projects. However, according to recent empirical evidence, long-term predictions are subject to high levels of uncertainty. This paper quantifies uncertainty in traffic forecasts for the tolled motorway network in Spain. Uncertainty is quantified in the form of a co...

The objective of this paper is to estimate the impact of residential job accessibility on female employment probability in the metropolitan areas of Barcelona and Madrid. Following a “spatial mismatch” framework, we estimate a female employment probability equation where variables controlling for personal characteristics, residential segregation an...

This paper analyses the factors determining the growth in car ownership in Spain over the last two decades. A discrete choice model is estimated at three points in time: 1980, 1990 and 2000. The paper compares the two alternative decision mechanisms used for modelling car ownership: ordered-response versus unordered-response mechanisms and conclude...

The objective of this paper is to analyse to what extent the use of cross-section data will distort the estimated elasticities for car ownership demand when the observed variables do not correspond to a state equilibrium for some individuals in the sample. Our proposal consists of approximating the equilibrium values of the observed variables by co...

Empleando la Encuesta de Estructura Salarial se plantea una propuesta de estimación de externalidades de capital humano intraempresa que permite relajar las restricciones introducidas por las especificaciones que la literatura empírica existente ha usado. En concreto, la metodología propuesta evalúa las externalidades de capital humano aprovechando...

En este documento se analizan comparativamente algunos aspectos relativos al capital humano de la economía catalana y española. En primer lugar se compara la dotación de capital humano tanto desde una metodología más tradicional, como es el caso de años de educación, como desde el punto de vista de la valoración del activo mediante actualización de...

This paper explores the real exchange rate behavior in Mexico from 1960 until 2005. Since the empirical analysis reveals that the real exchange rate is not mean reverting, we propose that economic fundamental variables affect its evolution in the long-run. Therefore, based on equilibrium exchange rate paradigms, we propose a simple model of real ex...

The objective of this research is to contribute in the effort to explain the seemingly paradoxical relation between education and income distribution during the period 1984-2000. For that purpose we use a decomposition of households' income functions, that isolates the effect of each of the variables included in this kind of functions, focusing on...