Josep Poblet

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• PhD
• Professor (Full) at University of Oviedo

The maps of terminations of fault-bend folds, fault-propagation folds and detachment folds formed by hinge migration, limb rotation or a combination of both exhibit some differences. In this work, a set of maps has been constructed for simple structures with constant thickness and kink band geometry, and the main differences that allow diagnosing o...

A simple, area-balanced, geometric model of progressive limb rotation in detachment folds allows the quantification of displacement, uplift, and rotation and the assessment of their effect upon growth strata geometries. Translation of this geometric model into a velocity model of deformation allows the modeling of associated growth strata resulting...

One of the enclaves that exhibits the best features to understand the old and most recent geological history of the north-northwest portion of the Iberian Peninsula is the Ballota Beach, located in Asturias, Spain. In the cliff above sea level that borders this beach to the south, a succession of Carboniferous “griotte” limestones crops out, deform...

The subduction hinge is one of the most important elements controlling the kinematic evolution of subduction zones. It is located in the zone where the lower tectonic plate initiates to sink into the mantle and behaves as a transient point with respect to the upper tectonic plate. Depending on the direction of the hinge migration, towards or backwa...

CONTROL ID: 3961513 (1) Begoña Amigo Marx (2) Oscar Fernandez (3) Josep Poblet 1. Repsol, Madrid, Spain. 2. University of Vienna 3. Universidad de Oviedo, Spain. The West Iberian Margin (WIM) is a natural laboratory for studying the evolution of riftedcontinental margins. It has been used to demonstrate and test various methods and techniques. De...

de los Pirineos, situada en el núcleo de la cordillera, es la parte más elevada de esta y está formada fundamentalmente por rocas sedimenta-rias, metamórficas e ígneas de edad paleozoica. Los estudios sobre esta unidad se remontan a mediados del siglo pasado y en ellos han participado geólogos de distintas escuelas, pero el interés por esta región,...

The Sinú Fold Belt, located in the southwestern part of the South Caribbean Deformed Belt, northwest Colombia, has been interpreted as the outer portion of an accretionary wedge resulting from the subduction of the Caribbean Plate under the South American Plate. Several geological sections, across and along the offshore portion of the Sinú Fold Bel...

When working with geological maps and cross-sections, and no kinematic criteria on fault motion are available, we usually classify the type of fault (dip-slip, strike-slip, oblique) according to the observed separation of planar markers, usually bedding. Although in many cases the separation agrees with fault slip, and therefore, the deduced type o...

The Sinú Fold Belt, located in northwest offshore Colombia, is the frontal part of the southwestern portion of an accretionary wedge, known as the South Caribbean Deformed Belt, which resulted from the subduction of the Caribbean Plate under the South American Plate. The leading part of the Sinú Fold Belt, the continental slope, is dominated by thr...

The Boomerang Hills are a hydrocarbon-rich region located in front of the Bolivian Andes, central South America, where the Andean chain bends to form the Bolivian Orocline. The interpretation of seismic lines allows the definition of two different structural domains with limits approximately defined by a basal regional detachment. The southern doma...

The passive margin of Western Iberia (WIM) developed during the Mesozoic over the pre‐existing Variscan Orogen. In the present study we use integrated interpretation and modelling to understand the distribution of Variscan basement provinces in the offshore of Iberia. The NW‐SE trending fabric of the Variscan Orogen can be recognized in the WIM, an...

The first steps to study natural structures are data collection, their representation and their geological interpretation. There is no doubt that the development of digital techniques in recent times has facilitated these tasks. Here we present an inventory of virtual outcrop models from the Cantabrian Zone and Asturian Basin, North-Northwest Iberi...

The Schmidt hammer, widely used in Engineering Geology, has also been used in Structural Geology as a tool to quantify the mechanical properties of rocks affected by different structures and the damage caused to rocks by fracturing. However, how the impact resistance of rocks (rebound) varies in layers located in different positions of a fold has n...

The Sinu fold belt, located in northwestern Colombia, is the southwesternmost part of the South Caribbean Deformed Belt, which has been interpreted as an accretionary wedge resulting from the subduction of the Caribbean Plate under the South American Plate. The geological interpretation of 2D seismic surveys and bathymetric maps, with the aid of a...

The Boomerang Hills are a hydrocarbon-rich region located in front of the Bolivian Andes, central South America, where the Andean chain bends forming the Bolivian Orocline. The geological interpretation of seismic (2D profiles and 3D volumes) and well data allowed us to generate a complete stratigraphic section, cross sections, maps and a 3D model,...

An in-house software for Computer Assisted Virtual Environments (CAVE™), called 3D Stereo Virtual Drawing Tool (3D stereo VDT), is presented through the interpretation of bedding and structural elements in two virtual outcrops. The main purpose of this software is to perform geological interpretations of point clouds through a friendly interface. 3...

Western Iberia is considered an archetypal example of a hyper-extended Atlantic margin that has been studied by multiple authors, who have defined its regional-scale structure and mapped out the different tectonic domains. However, to date, there is no detailed mapping of faults, depocenters and other structures at the scale of the entire margin th...

Western Iberia is considered an archetypal example of a hyper-extended Atlantic margin that has been studied by multiple authors, who have defined its regional-scale structure and mapped out the different tectonic domains. However, to date, there is no detailed mapping of faults, depocenters and other structures at the scale of the entire margin th...

An excellently exposed outcrop of Carboniferous rocks in the Cantabrian Zone (Variscan foreland fold-thrust belt in NW Iberia) displays fault-bend, fault-propagation and detachment folds. To unravel the parameters that controlled their development, we constructed detailed cross-sections and analysed them. Detachment folds exhibit the greatest amoun...

An excellently exposed outcrop of Carboniferous rocks in the Cantabrian Zone (Variscan foreland fold-thrust belt in NW Iberia) displays fault-bend, fault-propagation and detachment folds. To unravel the parameters that controlled their development, we constructed detailed cross-sections and analysed them. Detachment folds exhibit the greatest amoun...

Two outcrops in the Asturian Basin (northwest Iberian Peninsula) composed of Lower-Middle Jurassic alternations of limestones and marls, including black shales proven to be hydrocarbon source rocks, were analyzed from a structural point of view. In both outcrops, an inversion tectonic event of Cenozoic age caused contractional folds and faults, as...

We constructed a geological map, a 3D model and cross-sections, carried out a structural analysis, determined the stress fields and tectonic transport vectors, restored a cross section and performed a subsidence analysis to unravel the kinematic evolution of the NE emerged portion of the Asturian Basin (NW Iberian Peninsula), where Jurassic rocks c...

Resumen: Se han analizado y comparado las características y posible evolución de las estructuras desarrolladas en la Fm. Alba, o caliza «griotte» carbonífera, en dos afloramientos ubicados en unidades estructurales distintas de la Zona Cantábrica, uno situado en los alrededores de San Emiliano y el otro en las playas de La Ballota y de Andrín. En a...

We study the NE emerged portion of the Asturian Basin, a Permian-Mesozoic extensional basin (NW Iberia) partially inverted during the Cenozoic as a result of a contractional event. A geological map, a 3D model, cross sections, a structural analysis and a 3D photogrammetric study were performed. Our goal is to comprehend the relevance, relative timi...

The structural features and kinematic evolution of the Nourooz growth anticline, a kilometre-scale, oil-producing structure located in the Persian Gulf and Mesopotamian basins, are unravelled based on the interpretation of a seismic profile grid and well data, construction of a 3D depth model, a sequential restoration and graphical/numerical techni...

The reconstruction/restoration/modelling of normal faults (both listric and planar) emanating from a detachment at depth and their associated rollover folds, using the vertical or inclined shear method is widely utilized because its simplicity and the information it can provide. However, it has a rather serious issue derived from the uncertainty ab...

Integration of structural, stratigraphic and paleomagnetic data from the N-S trending structures of the Ainsa Oblique Zone reveals the kinematics of the major thrust salient in the central Pyrenees. These structures experienced clockwise vertical-axis rotations that vary from 70º in the east (Mediano anticline) to 55º in the west (Boltaña anticline...

A detailed structural analysis was carried out on the Jurassic rocks cropping out along the cliffs of La Conejera Inlet (Asturias, Spain). It includes a geological map and a distortion-free cross-section constructed via photogrammetric methods. La Conejera Inlet is located within the Asturian Basin, a Permian–Mesozoic extensional basin partially fo...

This paper discusses the application of close range photogrammetry for the construction of geological cross-sections from outcrops located on trenches, cliffs and mountain slopes. Our methodology is based on stereoscopic pairs of photographs of the outcrops on which geological interpretations may be carried out directly using a digital stereo viewe...

Resumen: Las estructuras estudiadas se sitúan en el flanco N del anticlinal de Villasecino (Zona Cantábrica). Dichas estructuras, de dimensiones métricas, afloran en un talud de carretera y deforman capas de caliza carbonífera. Aplicando un método fotogramétrico, se ha elaborado un corte geológico sin distorsión y perpendicular a las estructuras. P...

The Eastern Cordillera, in NW Argentine, belongs to a fold and thrust belt involving Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Tertiary and Quaternary sediments. The Andean cycle began with the rift-related Cretaceous to Paleogene Salta Group, which unconformably overlies Palaeozoic and Precambrian strata. Structural analysis in several patches of Cretaceo...

This chapter attempts to synthesize current understanding of various aspects of sedimentation and tectonics at the scale of fault-related folds with associated growth strata developed in contractional settings by using 2D kinematic models. The principal points are to examine the influence of various parameters in the growth stratal architecture in...

Several authors have proposed different methods to predict the subsurface geometry of thrust-related folds from shallow baseline data. Given certain bed dips of a backlimb, crest and forelimb of a fold model, we reconstructed the structure at depth as a fault-bend, a fault-propagation and a detachment fold following these methods and we checked tha...

A new sequence of Variscan deformations is proposed for the Palaeozoic rocks of the Central Pyrenees. The non-metamorphic units include south-directed thrust systems and related folds with a poorly developed cleavage. In the metamorphic units north-verging, recumbent to inclined folds (D1), associated with a subhorizontal to south dipping cleavage,...

Fold-and-thrust (FAT) belts occur worldwide and have long been the focus of research of structural geologists who have devised a variety of techniques to image, characterize and model their main structural features. This introductory chapter reviews the principal geological features of FAT belts formed in different settings, emphasizing aspects rel...

Deformation predictive methods are useful for structural analysis from the scientific and industry point of view. We apply a strain simulation technique based on the inclusion of graphical strain markers in a cross-section, and subsequent cross-section restoration and numerical processing of strain markers, to the seismic-scale Maiella Mountain ant...

The origin and kinematic evolution of the Dorood growth anticline, a kilometre-scale fold located in the Iranian NW part of the Persian Gulf on the Zagros front, is discussed based on the geological interpretation of a seismic section and subsequent application of a number of techniques such as depth to detachment estimations, sequential cross-sect...

The Montagna dei Fiori has received attention from geologists over the past decades because of both its Jurassic stratigraphy and its complex present-day structure. The latter is the result of multiple phases of deformation, from the Early Jurassic, during the opening of the Tethyan Ocean, to Neogene evolution of the Apennines fold-and-thrust belt....

A new geometric and kinematic model is proposed for a particular type of fault-related folding based on the study of a natural example developed in Palaeogene carbonate rocks from the Jaca–Pamplona Basin (Southern Pyrenees). The example consists of a hangingwall anticline related to a reverse fault with variable displacement and a gentle footwall s...

Simulation of deformation in sections across tectonic structures can provide important information about the present-day state of such structures. A technique for simulation of deformation, based on cross-section restoration, is presented. The deformation parameters are calculated through a model that provides information in numerical format and th...

We propose a new sequence of Variscan deformations for the Palaeozoic rocks of the Central Pyrenees. In the nonmetamorphic structural units, south-directed thrust systems and related folds with a poorly developed cleavage are the most conspicuous structures. In the metamorphic structural units early north-verging, recumbent to inclined folds (D1),...

Fault-propagation folds are important contractional structures developed in upper crustal conditions. Here we analyze a fault-propagation fold, made up of Carboniferous limestones, sited in the Cantabrian fold and thrust belt, NW Iberian Peninsula. The technique employed consists of detailed structural analysis integrated with cross-section restora...

Guía de campo del 6º Simposio sobre el margen Ibérico Atlantico. Oviedo 2009

The Montagna dei Fiori has received attention by geologists through the past decades because of both its Jurassic stratigraphy and its complex present-day structure. The latter is the result of multi-ple phases of deformation, from the Early Jurassic, during the rift phase, which led to the opening of the Tethyan Ocean, to compression in Neogene, l...

The Montagna dei Fiori has received attention by geologists through the past decades because of both its Jurassic stratigraphy and its complex present-day structure. The latter is the result of multi-ple phases of deformation, from the Early Jurassic, during the rift phase, which led to the opening of the Tethyan Ocean, to compression in Neogene, l...

A strategy to predict strain across geological structures, based on previous techniques, is modified and evaluated, and a practical application is shown. The technique, which employs cross-section restoration combined with kinematic forward modelling, consists of restoring a section, placing circular strain markers on different domains of the resto...

A number of geometrical techniques allow estimating amounts of horizontal extension and depth to detachment in simple rollover anticlines over listric normal faults given one or more horizons, the portion of the fault between the hanging wall and foot wall cut off points, and the depth to detachment (if the extension is to be estimated) or the exte...

Typically, the problem of constructing a balanced cross-section across a fault-propagation fold has been cast in terms of static entities such as fault dip, fold axial angles and limb dips. Increasingly, however, surficial data such as rates of uplift or erosion are becoming available above fault-related folds. These data are often used to derive o...

To check the behaviour of physical experiments of simple rollover anticlines over listric normal faults, several fault-slip, bed-length and area parameters are measured for different beds in two stages of evolution of two physical experiments. Given a certain amount of extension, the heave and dip of the displacement vary for different beds, wherea...

Structural geologists now recognize detachment folds as fundamental structural features in many contractional settings. Several two-dimensional geometric and kinematic models exist to describe the development of such detachment folds; however, most are not available in a computer-based format that permits the forward-modeling and graphical represen...

This study pretends to be a compendium of the most relevant aspects developed during the last decades on the geometry and kinematics of thrust-related folds. First of all, the main features of these structures, as well as the goals and the methodology employed to study them, are described. A modern classification of thrust-related folds is presente...

A new method is presented for unraveling some aspects of the kinematic evolution of thrust-related folds. This technique consists of measuring crestal structural relief, shortening, and the area of a fold for different amplification stages, and then plotting the crestal structural relief and the fold area versus the shortening. One of the main adva...

The Valle Morado structure, located in northwest Argentina, is an approximately 7-km-long and 4-km-wide north-northeast-south-southwest-trending anticline cut by faults that involve Paleozoic basement and Mesozoic-Cenozoic sedimentary cover. Geological interpretation of a three-dimensional seismic survey that covers the structure, plus a well and t...

Los anticlinales de Afiisclo y Boltafia, junto con los anticlinales de Mediano y Olson forman parte de un conjunto de anticlinales de orientacion N-S que afectan los materiales eocenos de la cuenca de Ainsa (Fig. 1). Estos pliegues, de edad luteciense-bartoniense (Poblet et al., 1998, Soto y Casas, 2001), se hayan en el bloque superior del cabalgam...

Sedimentation coeval with growth of the Santaren anticline provides an excellent opportunity to study the relationships between sedimentation and anticline uplift through time. The Santaren anticline is a kilometre-scale, NW–SE trending fold offshore of Cuba, in the Bahamas foreland of the Cuban fold and thrust belt. The growth strata associated wi...

The Sanga Sanga Block contains four large to giant hydrocarbon fields in mid- to upper Miocene deltaic sandstones of the Mahakam Delta, eastern Kalimantan (Indonesia). These fields occur in the northeast-trending Mahakam fold

The Sanga Sanga Block contains four large to giant hydrocarbon fields in mid- to upper Miocene deltaic sandstones of the Mahakam Delta, eastern Kalimantan (Indonesia). These fields occur in the northeast-trending Mahakam fold belt, which is characterized by long, tight, fault-bounded anticlines and broad synclines and cored by overpressured shales....

This paper evaluates four different methods that have been proposed for the estimation of the detachment depth beneath detachment folds. Guidelines are presented in order to use the most suitable method in a particular region deformed by detachment folds. These guidelines are constructed considering the assumptions of each method, the influence...

The Santaren Anticline constitutes the frontal termination of the Cuban fold and thrust belt within the Bahamian foreland. New well and seismic data allow us to constrain in detail the evolution of this anticline. Pre-growth and syntectonic (partly post-tectonic?) units, separated by a major unconformity, are associated with the Santaren Anticline....

The study of meso- and microstructures in hinges and limbs of a number of detachment anticlines from the northeastern Brooks, Range, Alaska, stipulated that these folds grew with fixed hinges and rotating limbs. The structural thickness of the ductile unit beneath some anticlines is observed to vary from less than to greater than its stratigraphic...

The kinematics of detachment folds have been described by three different models: (1) hinge migration is responsible for fold amplification, (2) fold amplification is due to limb rotation, and (3) both hinge migration and limb rotation cause fold amplification. A numerical method is proposed to determine which of these mechanisms is responsible for...

El estudio detallado de la geometría de los sedimentos sintectónicos asociados al crecimiento del anticlinal de Santaren, localizado bajo el mar en la parte más externa de la faja plegada cubana, ha permitido documentar la evolución cinemática de dicho pliegue. Para ello se han utilizado una serie de técnicas geométricas de modelización inversa que...

The Santaren anticline, located offshore, is the outermost structure of the Cuban fold and thrust belt. The detailed study of the geometry of the syntectonic sediments associated with this anticline has allowed us to document its kinematic evolution. A number of reverse modelling geometrical techniques have been used to quantify fold growth (cresta...

In many thrust and fold belts, asymmetric folds with overturned or steeply dipping forelimbs and gently dipping backlimbs are commonly interpreted as thrust-related folds. Determining the folding mechanism exclusively from the final fold geometry in the pre-growth units is possible only for a limited suite of structures. The nature of fold-thrust i...

Growth strata deposited over and against the flank of the Sant Llorenç de Morunys fold during its final stages of deformation have been mapped at high resolution as the basis for unraveling the kinematics of fold growth. We use restoration techniques based on normal balancing assumptions to decipher the detailed kinematic history of folding. The pr...

Three kinematic models have been proposed to account for the geometry and kinematics of detachment folds involving a homogeneous competent layer detached over a ductile unit: Model 1 — variable limb dip-constant limb length, Model 2 — constant limb dip-variable limb length, and Model 3 — variable limb dip-variable limb length. Because the same fold...

Growth strata deposited over and against the flank of the Sant Llorenç de Morunys fold during its final stages of deformation have been mapped at high resolution as the basis for unraveling the kinematics of fold growth. We use restoration techniques based on normal balancing assumptions to decipher the detailed kinematic history of folding. The pr...

Detachment folds form above, below, or above and below bed-parallel thrusts where thrust displacement is transferred into folding. Geometric and kinematic models are developed for individual single-layer detachment folds formed above the tip line of a thrust. We analyze three different detachment fold shapes (kink bands, chevron, and box detachment...

Previous geometric models of fault-related folding have been limited in their ability to model sedimentation contemporaneous with contractional deformation. Waltham's 1992 general forward modelling equation allows more realistic models of sedimentation to be combined with mathematical models of fault-bend folding, fault-propagation folding and limb...

A general tectono-sedimentary forward modelling equation is used to derive two-dimensional numerical models of sediment geometries associated with developing fault-bend and fault-propagation folds. These styles of folding are described in terms of velocity models of deformation and are linked with syn-tectonic erosion, transport and sedimentation....

A simple method to estimate fold-amplification and thrust-movement rates for detachment folds is documented and illustrated by its application to a symmetrical detachment fold in the Southern Pyrenees, Spain. The technique provides a complete record of the kinematic evolution of detachment folds and is based on the application of equations for deta...