Jose J. Pascual-Fernandez

Universidad de La Laguna | ULL · Institute of Social Research and Tourism (ISTUR). Department of Sociology and Anthropology

Es frecuente escuchar a pescadores artesanales criticar regulaciones que no se ajustan a la realidad del territorio, definidas por funcionarios desconocedores del terreno y cuyas decisiones responden a presiones que poco tienen que ver con la salud de los ecosistemas, el bienestar de los pescadores o el suministro óptimo de alimentos. En la comerci...

The need to better understand the trade-offs between food production, trade and consumption; social and environmental impacts and health requirements remains a critical challenge. Additionally, there is an urgency to transform the food system to reach the dietary patterns required to address the current diet-environment-health trilemma. Transformat...

Bioaccumulation is the process by which living organisms accumulate substances, such as pesticides, heavy metals, and other pollutants, from their environment. These substances can accumulate in the organism’s tissues over time, leading to potential health risks. Bioaccumulation can occur in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, and can have a s...

The City Region Food Systems approach has been proposed to achieve food system resilience and nutrition security while promoting the urgent ecological transition within urban and peri-urban areas, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the great diversity of the initiatives composing City Region Food Systems in Europe poses barriers to th...

El Hierro has been characterized by the balance between human development and environmental sustainability. The island was historically far from the mass tourism developments dominant on the other Canary Islands. Tourism accommodations in El Hierro are few compared to more developed coastal areas in the Archipelago, and recreational activities are...

The following document contains a collection of seven factsheets. Those factsheets provide an overview on EU and national regulatory framework conditions and policies, which are relevant for the development of sustainable CRFS. They present current constraints and challenges of CRFS in the respective policy field as well as examples, possible sol...

Evidence-informed decision-making is in increasing demand given growing pressures on marine environments. A way to facilitate this is by knowledge exchange among marine scientists and decision-makers. While many barriers are reported in the literature, there are also examples whereby research has successfully informed marine decision-making (i.e.,...

Small-scale coastal fishing communities are facing many new challenges, such as rapid ecological changes created by anthropogenic and natural events like earthquakes or volcanic eruptions. This paper explores how a coastal population has responded to such an event and highlights the diverse coping strategies used to tackle it. This research was con...

The establishment of Fisheries Local Action Groups (FLAGs) in EU Member States aims at increasing employment and territorial cohesion in coastal and inland fisheries-dependent communities through local initiatives funded by the European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF). The locally-defined priorities relevant for small-scale fisheries range from...

Significance Statement In the last decades, many coastal areas have observed dramatic changes in marine ecosystems, due to anthropogenic and environmental alterations. The general absence of long-term data sets in the marine environment and, more specifically, on benthic and demersal communities represents a severe issue for management and conserva...

This work is the result of an international research effort to determine the main impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on marine recreational fishing. Changes were assessed on (1) access to fishing, derived from lockdowns and other mobility restrictions; (2) ecosystems, because of alterations in fishing intensity and human presence; (3) the blue econom...

The COVID-19 pandemic unveiled the fragility of food sovereignty in cities and confirmed the close connection urban dwellers have with food. Although the pandemic was not responsible for a systemic failure, it suggested how citizens would accept and indeed support a transition toward more localized food production systems. As this attitudinal shift...

The COVID-19 pandemic unveiled the fragility of food sovereignty in cities and confirmed the close connection urban dwellers have with food. Although the pandemic was not responsible for a systemic failure, it suggested how citizens would accept and indeed support a transition toward more localized food production systems. As this attitudinal shift...

La Pesca Artesanal de Canarias no cuenta con un fuerte imaginario colectivo en la población de las islas. Además, es un sector, una profesión y una actividad que poco a poco se ha ido desdibujando de los escenarios sociales y económicos, a pesar de la importancia pasada del sector. A todo esto, se suma que Canarias se sitúa en el último lugar de Es...

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The profile of small-scale fisheries has been raised through a dedicated target within the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG14b) that calls for the provision of ‘access of small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets’. By focusing on access to fisheries resources in the context of European Union, in this article we...

Small-scale fisheries constitute an important segment of the Spanish fishing fleet. Within the European context, the Spanish small-scale fleet is the third largest behind only Greece and Italy. The historical, cultural, economic, and social significance of this fishing sector in Spain is high, as is the range of gears and strategies used. This chap...

Small-scale fisheries play a major role in Europe, employing large numbers of people, shaping the socio-economic life of coastal communities, and providing fresh, high-quality seafood to local, regional, national and international markets. This chapter synthesises findings from the 25 country chapters in this volume, bringing together key lessons r...

Small-scale fisheries in Europe have historically rarely received the attention they deserve. Fishery scholars and policy makers worldwide have until recently paid scant attention to the diversity of the fisheries sector, or to the existence of small-scale fleets and their fishing communities. For far too long, small-scale fishing activity has been...

The European Parliament is concerned about the lack of information on the relevance of nine million Europeans engaged in marine recreational fishing (MRF), committing Member States to encourage environmental and socioeconomic sustainability of the sector. The objective of this paper is to provide recommendations to guide research actions and manage...

This book offers a comprehensive account of the status and dynamics of people participating in the small-scale fisheries (SSF) of Europe. It covers the situation of SSF in 25 coastal countries, thereby providing a portrait of almost every coastal country on the continent and analyzing the recent evolution of the sector. Small-scale fisheries are ar...

Abstract Small-scale fisheries (SSF) account for more than half the world’s catch and employ more than 90% of people engaged in fisheries. Galicia (NW Spain) has supported important shellfisheries (considered as SSF) throughout history. Currently, Galician shellfisheries involve more than 3 800 direct employments yielding in 2018 9.519 tonnes of bi...

Small-scale fisheries contribute to around half of the global catch, still small-scale fisheries tend to be often ignored. Lately, the visibility of small-scale fisheries is increasing, and there are calls to collect bioecological, economic, social, and cultural data in order to improve our understanding of the activity and contribute to the sustai...

Humans have harvested fish and other marine resources for millennia. So why be concerned today about stewardship and sustainable practices? The answers are not simple; they are changing over time, as climate changes, and perspectives vary. In this chapter, we examine the diverse facets and factors associated with stewardship and sustainable practic...

Several factors affect the ability of small-scale fishers to secure their livelihoods. Particularly relevant is their capacity to sell their fish, receive remunerative prices, and add value to their catches. In general, catches from small-scale fisheries have a superior quality and freshness, but this does not always lead to better prices or higher...

En Europa practican la pesca marítima recreativa (PMR) nueve millones de aficionados que generan un gasto de 6 000 millones de euros anuales. En España se estima que hay 300 000 pescadores recreativos que realizan un gasto de 217 millones de euros anuales para desarrollar su actividad. Por estos motivos, la Política Pesquera Común (PPC) reconoce qu...

Resumen: En Europa practican la pesca marítima recreativa (PMR) 10 millones de aficionados que generan un gasto de 6 000 millones de euros anuales [1]. En España se estima que hay 300 000 pescadores recreativos que realizan un gasto de 217 millones de euros anuales [1]. Por estos motivos, la Política Pesquera Común (PPC) reconoce que "la pesca recr...

In this paper, we draw attention to the role of synergies in marine conservation and community sustainability. Using marine protected areas (MPAs) as examples, we argue that MPAs that are carefully designed to fit the existing social systems can be instrumental in synergy building and fostering community development. Such synergy creation is an ess...

Corresponding author: Ratana Chuenpagdee; ratanac@mun.ca [Preface: Small-scale fisheries are vast in number and both diverse and complex in nature. These fisheries can be found around the world in all types of aquatic environments, in urban and remote areas, using a range of gears, targeting numerous species, and engaging a diversity of individua...

The report outlines the philosophy and principles of this transdisciplinary approach and provides a possible course structure, with some materials, including a case study. The document follows an upper-level or graduate-level university course structure. Nevertheless it can be easily adapted and modified to suit a range of target groups and deliver...

The gender dimensions in EU fisheries are frequently not taken into account, especially in coastal areas where SSF are highly important, such as Galicia (Northwest of Spain). Intertidal shellfish harvesting in Galicia (mainly focus on clams and cockles) is carried out almost exclusively by women (3300), but women also have a key role through the e...

Spanish small-scale fisheries (SSF) are second in importance in Europe after Greece, in terms of number of vessels and employment. The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive quantitative and qualitative analysis of SSF in Spain, including the trends of the sector. In particular, we will focus on key factors that influence the develop...

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are promoted as an effective model for the management of marine areas worldwide. They are not only a technical management measure but also a social institution that interacts with existing use rights. In the Canary Islands, several marine reserves have already been created, while others have been proposed. Some of the...

Major efforts to improve the governability of coastal and marine regions, in Europe and the world, are currently under way, with regionalization as a new entry point. This article reconsiders the potential contribution of pre-modern fisher organizations to these processes. Pre-modern organizations have deep historical roots, and anthropologists hav...

INDEMARES Project made possible to bring together economic and staff resources to study in detail, and from multiple perspectives, the area of South of Fuerteventura (Amanay and El Banquete Semounts). Methodologies have been applied to study hydrography, making a regional characterization, depicting main water masses, and current hydrodynamics. Geo...

NDEMARES Project made possible to bring together economic and staff resources to study in detail, and from multiple perspectives, the area of Banco de La Concepción. Methodologies have been applied to study hydrography, making a regional characterization, depicting main water masses, and current hydrodynamics. Geology has been tackled including bat...

In Europe, fisherwomen’s organisations were developed mainly during the 1990s. The need for fisherwomen to become organised or to develop networks has often arisen in response to crises affecting the fisheries industry. The usual pattern was for women to protest against policies that threatened the survival of artisanal fisheries and to seek an imp...

When marine protected areas (MPAs) do not succeed, which is often the case, their failure is mostly attributed to factors related to their design and operation. In this paper, it is argued that reasons for lack of success must be sought in the process that leads up to their establishment, i.e., the initial stage when the idea was conceived, communi...

Following from Fish for Life - Interactive Governance for Fisheries (Kooiman et al., 2005), which presents an interdisciplinary and intersectoral approach to the governance of capture and aquaculture fisheries, this volume pursues what interactive governance theory and the governability perspective contribute to the resolution of key fisheries prob...

Following from Fish for Life - Interactive Governance for Fisheries (Kooiman et al., 2005), which presents an interdisciplinary and intersectoral approach to the governance of capture and aquaculture fisheries, this volume pursues what interactive governance theory and the governability perspective contribute to the resolution of key fisheries prob...

MPAs are complex institutional arrangements that should be analyzed from a governance perspective taking into account the serious challenges posed about their capacity to cope with the problems of implementation or effectiveness. In this paper we emphasize the huge and diverse advantages of MPAs initiated by local communities. This trend is increas...

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are often met with reluctance by affected stakeholders, and in some instances outright objection. Some argue that this is due to insufficient understanding of the functions of MPAs. Others suggest that it could be because of a perception that they are losing more than they are gaining. It is also possible that stakehol...

En España existe una diversidad de figuras de protección ambiental, sirviendo a diferentes propósitos y adaptadas a contextos ecológicos diferentes. Los ejemplos de La Restinga y las Islas Medas- L´Estartit muestran cómo las estrategias de protección marina pueden adaptarse y orientarse hacia diversos fines más o menos relacionados con las activida...

Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) are established for various purposes. Some are aimed at protection, some are intended as resource management tools, while others imply both of these objectives, as well as others. Regardless of the stated goals, the same MPA can mean different things to different people, and these meanings may be inconsistent. In pract...

Las Áreas Marinas Protegidas, como entornos a ser gobernados o sistemas de gobierno, estimulan nuevas estrategias de adaptación y diálogo entre los diferentes usuarios e inte-resados de la zona marítimo-costera. Los ejemplos concretos de las reservas marinas de La Restinga y La Palma muestran cómo los intereses de los grupos de usuarios del litoral...

This paper analyses the creation process of La Gomera marine reserve since their step zero. Located just in the middle of the Canary Islands (Spain), La Gomera is a little island with a relevant fishing history, but with declining artisanal fisheries since 1980s. The decline of local demersal marine resources is explained by local fishers as a cons...

This paper addresses the problem of measuring the local economic impact of marine protected areas (MPAs). It relies on a broad socio-economic field survey covering 12 case studies in southern Europe, and focusing on two major uses of MPA ecosystem services: fishing and scuba-diving. The impact of these uses on the local economic system is expressed...

La Reserva Marina de Punta de La Restinga – Mar de Las Calmas, creada en 1996 como zona de protección de interés pesquero con el fin principal de apoyar a los pescadores profesionales de bajura para mantener su actividad y forma de vida, consta de tres niveles de protección diferentes: la reserva integral (máxima protección), las zonas de usos rest...

Estudio solicitado por la Comisión de Pesca del Parlamento Europeo sobre e papel de las mujeres en la pesca sostenible, con el siguiente contenido: Las mujeres desempeñan un papel importante en el sector pesquero, incluyendo la pesca, la acuicultura y el procesamiento de productos acuáticos. Se han mostrado muy activas a la hora de organizarse y es...

Improving governability is an important objective in many fisheries and coastal areas. However, it may be difficult to modify the factors influencing this. Specifically, enhancing the capacity of user groups and civil society to cope with the tasks involved in co-governance situations may constitute a challenge, although the advantages in factors s...

Women play an important role in fisheries, including fishing, aquaculture and processing of aquatic products. They have been very active in self-organizing and networking to promote gender equality in many different areas across Europe. They are also a major actor in the diversification of fisheries enterprises income, resulting in the creation of...

Las aportaciones realizadas desde la antropología en relación con las áreas protegidas están contribuyendo a destacar las dimensiones sociales de las políticas de conservación. Los parques y las reservas deben considerarse como figuras políticas (y no espacios meramente naturales), como figuras de gestión territorial, en la medida que establecen nu...

Women play an important role in fisheries, including fishing, aquaculture and processing of aquatic products. They have been very active in self-organizing and networking to promote gender equality in many different areas across Europe. They are also a major actor in the diversification of fisheries enterprises income, resulting in the creation of...

ResumenIdioma El análisis de las figuras de protección ambiental desde la antropología se justifica porque estas nuevas formas de apropiación instituyen normas que regulan aspectos tales como cuál debe ser el uso de determinados territorios, quiénes pueden llevarlo a cabo y cómo esto va a ser controlado. Nos interesa saber cómo han llegado a implan...

This collection of essays is about tourism and social, political, and economic relations in coastal locations in various parts of the world. The starting point of each chapter is the ethnographic study of one particular place. However, the authors are also concerned with wider regional, national, and global forces which shape and influence the loca...