Jose Luis Ortega

Spanish National Research Council | CSIC · Instituto de Estudios Sociales Avanzados

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to detect and describe disciplinary differences in the users and use of several social networking sites by scientists. Design/methodology/approach – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) (Spanish National Research Council) researchers registered in the most currently relevant academic social...

This paper intends to describe the population evolution of a scientific information web service during 2011-2012. Quarterly samples from December 2011 to December 2012 were extracted from Google Scholar Citations to analyse the number of members, distribution of their bibliometric indicators, positions, institutional and country affiliations and th...

This study explores the connections between social and usage metrics (altmetrics) and bibliometric indicators at the author level. It studies to what extent these indicators, gained from academic sites, can provide a proxy for research impact. Close to 10,000 author profiles belonging to the Spanish National Research Council were extracted from the...

This study analyses the coverage of seven free‐access bibliographic databases (Crossref, Dimensions—non‐subscription version, Google Scholar, Lens, Microsoft Academic, Scilit, and Semantic Scholar) to identify the potential reasons that might cause the exclusion of scholarly documents and how they could influence coverage. To do this, 116 k randoml...

Este estudio pretende comprobar cómo diferentes modelos de publicación de revistas científica pueden favorecer o reducir la incidencia de artículos erróneos o fraudulentos, a la vez que busca medir la respuesta de revistas a estos problemas en función de estos modelos. Para esto, se propone una nueva forma de estudiar el fraude científico en las pu...

This communication aims to analyse the information that a large set of free-access databases (i.e., Crossref, Dimensions, Microsoft Academic, OpenAlex, Scilit, Semantic Scholar, The Lens) provides about indexed publications in their databases. Using a random sample of 116k publications from Crossref, each database was queried to retrieve the same d...

Citations in a scientific paper reference other studies and form the information backbone of that paper. If cited literature is valid and non-retracted, an analysis of citations can offer unique perspectives about the supportive or contradictory nature of a statement. Yet, such analyses are still limited by the relative lack of access to open citat...

Background: The aim of this paper is to find evidence of a changing pattern in cover songs by 21st-century artists. To this end, over 76,000 covers performed by artists who grew up in the 2000s were quantitatively analyzed. Methods: SecondHandSongs.com was crawled to extract the cover relationships, and Allmusic.com to obtain the genre and starting...

El propósito de este artículo es explorar la respuesta editorial de las revistas ante artículos de investigación que puedan contener errores metodológicos o ser casos de fraude. 17.244 artículos comentados en PubPeer, una web de revisión post-publicación, fueron procesados y clasificados de acuerdo a diferentes errores y categorías de fraude. Luego...

The aim of this article is to explore the editorial response of journals to research articles that may contain methodological errors or misconduct. A total of 17,244 articles commented on in PubPeer, a post-publication peer review site, were processed and classified according to several error and fraud categories. Then, the editorial response (i.e....

The aim of this communication is to consider the new problems that open-access models are posing for scholarly communication. Double charging, publishers with nonstandard practices, and biases associated with accessing the publishing market are some of the recent problems that the pay-to-publish model is producing. Taking these problems into accoun...

Background: The aim of this paper is to find evidence of a changing pattern in cover songs by 21st-century artists. To this end, over 76,000 covers performed by artists who grew up in the 2000s were quantitatively analyzed. Methods: SecondHandSongs.com was crawled to extract the cover relationships, and Allmusic.com to obtain the genre and starting...

The Web is an open and dynamic medium that offers great opportunities for accessing and extracting data for migration research. These opportunities are signposted by concepts such as big data or open data , which incite researchers to envision the World Wide Web as a gigantic network of all kinds of datasets. However, many migration scholars are no...

This study explores the use of PubPeer by the scholarly community, to understand the issues discussed in an online journal club, the disciplines most commented on, and the characteristics of the most prolific users. A sample of 39,985 posts about 24,779 publications were extracted from PubPeer in 2019 and 2020. These comments were divided into seve...

This study aims to explore the connections between news and blogs based on the co-mention of research papers. This approach attempts to generate several network graphs that show the structural topology of blogs and news media, stressing possible differences between blogs and news when they come to co-mention research publications. 3,810 blogs and 3...

In contemporary popular music, covering or adapting previous songs signals a tribute or reworking of popular hits, which implies acknowledgement of the original musicians. This connection can be interpreted as a form of musical impact among artists. A network graph with more than 106k artists and 855k cover versions extracted from the web site Seco...

El presente trabajo pretende hacer una revisión del naciente movimiento Open Citations, el cual aboga por la libre disposición de las citas bibliográficas incluidas en cada contribución científica. Este movimiento, enmarcado dentro de corrientes más generales como Open Data y Open Access, busca de esta forma que las citas bibliográficas sean un bie...

The aim of this study is to introduce two groups of impact indicators, Weighted Altmetric Impact (WAI) and Inverse Altmetric Impact (IAI). WAI is based in weights from the contributions of each metric to different components or impact dimensions (Principal Component Analysis). IAI is calculated according to the inverse prevalence of each metric in...

This article studies the incidence and relationship of three important relevant editorial notices: errata, expressions of concern, and retractions. The journal club PubPeer was used to extract 39,449 research articles and the 2,308 errata, 189 expressions of concern, and 1,531 retractions associated with these publications. The relationship, time d...

The aim of this paper is to review the current and most relevant literature on the use of altmetric providers since 2012. This review is supported by a meta-analysis of the coverage and metric counts obtained by more than 100 publications that have used these bibliographic platforms for altmetric studies. The article is the most comprehensive analy...

La presente nota responde de una forma empírica a la cuestión de en qué medida el Altmetric Attention Score (AAScore) puede ser reproducido. Para ello se tomó una muestra de más de 28.000 artículos extraídos de la API pública de Altmetric.com para reproducir el indicador a partir de los pesos publicados por la plataforma y se compararon con los val...

The main objective of this study is a detailed analysis of the coverage of blogs and news by three of the most important altmetrics data providers (Altmetric.com, PlumX, and Crossref Event Data). Concretely, the study looks for differences in blogs and news coverage, according to three criteria: country, language, and subject, with a view to detect...

The aim of this paper is to compare and analyse the availability of blogs and news links from the three most important altmetric data providers (Altmetric.com, PlumX and Crossref Event Data, CED). In addition, the study explores the distribution of events by creation year in order to observe the coverage of old and new events. Researchers extracted...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the metrics provided by Publons about the scoring of publications and their relationship with impact measurements (bibliometric and altmetric indicators). Design/methodology/approach In January 2018, 45,819 research articles were extracted from Publons, including all their metrics (scores, number o...

The aim of this study is to measure differences between three relevant altmetric providers: Altmetric.com, PlumX and Crossref Event Data (CED). More than 67,000 research papers, initially extracted from PlumX, were searched in Altmetric.com and CED to compare their counts. Differences between services were analyzed regarding the number of documents...

[EN] The content and main functionalities of the open access repositories, the academic search engines and the most relevant scientific social networks are described, as well as the new scientific evaluation metrics that have their origin in these platforms and in other tools of the social web [ES] Se describe el contenido y las principales funcion...

The main objective of this article is to group altmetric indicators according to their relationships and detect disciplinary differences in a set of 3,793 research articles published in 2013 with regard to their altmetric impact. Three of the most representative altmetric providers (Altmetric, PlumX and CrossRef Event Data (CED)) and Scopus were us...

The main objective of this article is to group altmetric indicators according to their relationships and detect disciplinary differences in a set of 3,793 research articles published in 2013 with regard to their altmetric impact. Three of the most representative altmetric providers (Altmetric, PlumX and CrossRef Event Data (CED)) and Scopus were us...

Se presentan las características de las principales fuentes de información científica de acceso gratuito existentes en Internet: repositorios de revistas, institucionales y temáticos de acceso abierto, redes sociales académicas (Researchgate, Academia,edu) y Google Scholar.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the distribution of profiles from academic social networking sites according to disciplines, academic statuses and gender, and detect possible biases with regard to the real staff distribution. In this way, it intends to know whether these academic places tend to become specialized sites or, on the co...

Por una parte se presenta el contenido y las funcionalidades del motor de búsqueda académico Google Scholar y de la red social de carácter académico ResearchGate , grandes contenedores ambos de información científica de gran aceptación dentro de la comunidad académico-científica. Por otra parte se presentan las denominadas “almétricas”, denominació...

The main objective of this study is to describe the life cycle of altmetric indicators in a sample of publications. Altmetrics counts (Downloads, Views, Readers, Citations, Tweets and Blog mentions) of 13,636 publications from PlumX Analytics were extracted to observe the distribution of these metrics according to the publication age of these docum...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between dissemination of research papers on Twitter and its influence on research impact. Design/methodology/approach Four types of journal Twitter accounts (journal, owner, publisher and no Twitter account) were defined to observe differences in the number of tweets and citations. I...

This last part describes in a comparative way how the different types of academic social sites work. Using a quantitative benchmarking process, every social networking site analysed in this book is compared according to several important aspects such as size in terms of the number of papers and users, the evolution and growth of their services, the...

This chapter is focused on the social networking places mainly oriented to the sharing of full-text scientific documents. The purpose of these platforms is to provide an incentive for open access to the scientific literature and to track the use of documents and profiles by the online community as a way to obtain metrics on the social impact of the...

This last section describes the most important conclusions obtained from the quantitative results, presenting a general picture on the current panorama of academic social networking sites and their importance for the scholarly communication. The value of the contents to enhance the social networking, the different roles of their users, the dichotom...

This chapter presents two representative examples of social bookmarking sites: CiteULike and BibSonomy. These sites are the embodiment of the folksonomy philosophy because they aspire to create an information resource which rests exclusively on the participation of its users through the posting and tagging of documents, resulting in a self-organize...

This chapter analyses the bibliographic coverage, networking functions and population distribution of reference management tools. These networking spaces generally emerged from desktop applications for organizing bibliographic references to social networking environments setup to share and tag citations for scholars. Two of the most important refer...

This chapter describes the first initiatives of social networking sites that were born at the start of the twenty-first century through two of the most representative examples. Nature Network was the first scholarly site that implemented forums and discussion groups with the purpose of establishing an online community around the scientific debate....

This first chapter begins with an introduction to the past and current context of social networks for scientists and a review of the rise of the Web and its impact on scholarly communication. It also explores the appearance of the Web 2.0 philosophy and the transformation of the publishing system as a result of the open access movement. Social netw...

This study explores the relationship between the peer-review activity and the bibliometric performance of scholars registered in the Publons peer review tracking website. It explores which researchers (according to discipline, academic status and gender) make most of the reviews and which of them accept most of the papers, assuming that these are r...

The objective of this paper is to understand the relationship between the diffusion and mention of research papers in Twitter according to whether their authors are members or not of that micro-blogging service. To that end, 4,166 articles from 76 Twitter users and 124 from non-Twitter users were analysed. Data on Twitter mentions were extracted fr...

Se analizan y evalúan mediante descriptores formales e indicadores cuantitativos las revistas universitarias españolas, que se publican en formato exclusivamente electrónico. Se estudia el impacto y la visibilidad de estas publicaciones en la red. Se han estudiado tanto el número de publicaciones, como sus características formales y de contenido y...

Social Network Sites for Scientists: A Quantitative Survey explores the newest social network sites (for example, ResearchGate and Academia.edu) and web bibliographic platforms (Mendeley, Zotero) that have recently emerged for the scholarly community to use in the interchange of information and documents. Chapters describe their main characteristic...

Se definen y describen los diferentes tipos de fuentes de información científica existentes en Internet: plataformas de revistas comerciales, bases de datos bibliográficas, repositorios de acceso abierto y motores de búsqueda académicos. Este documento presenta el material didáctico utilizado en el curso "Acceso a la Información Científica" organiz...

Academic Search Engines: intends to run through the current panorama of the academic search engines through a quantitative approach that analyses the reliability and consistence of these services. The objective is to describe the main characteristics of these engines, to highlight their advantages and drawbacks, and to discuss the implications of t...

The main objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between research impact and the structural properties of co-author networks. A new bibliographic source, Microsoft Academic Search, is introduced to test its suitability for bibliometric analyses. Citation counts and 500 one-step ego networks were extracted from this engine. Results sh...

This paper aims to make a comparative analysis between the personal profiling capabilities of the two most important free citation-based academic search engines, namely Microsoft Academic Search (MAS) and Google Scholar Citations (GSC). Author profiles can be very useful for evaluation purposes once the advantages and the shortcomings of these serv...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to detect whether both file type (a set of rich and web files) and language (English, Spanish, German, French and Italian) influence the web visibility of European universities. Design/methodology/approach – A webometrics analysis of the top 200 European universities (as ranked in the Ranking web of World Uni...

Purpose – Title and URL mentions have recently been proposed as web visibility indicators instead of inlink counts. The objective of this study is to determine the accuracy of these alternative web mention indicators in the Spanish academic system, taking into account their complexity (multi-domains) and diversity (different official languages). D...

The purpose of this paper is to analyse and describe the topological properties of the institutional and national collaboration network from the profiles extracted from Google Scholar Citations (GSC). 19,912 unique profiles with "co-authors" were obtained from a web crawl performed in March 2012. Several statistical and network analysis techniques...

Purpose The aim of this paper is to present network visualisation as a way to analyse and to test the design of a website. Design/methodology/approach A network graph of the access to the webometrics.info site from its web logs was analysed. Several graphs (navigational and query graphs) with different added variables were explored. SNA indicators...

This paper introduces a keyword map of the labels used by the scientists registered in the Google Scholar Citations (GSC) database from December 2011. In all, 15,000 random queries were formulated to GSC to obtain a list of 26,682 registered users. From this list a network graph of 6,660 labels was built and classified according to the Scopus Subje...

This chapter introduces Webometrics as an emerging discipline focused on the understanding and assessment of the flow of Web based academic information. It describes the principal web-based techniques and tools used to evaluate the performance of higher education websites and to explain how these information networks are created and modelled. The c...

The aim of this paper is to observe differences between research areas when it comes to establish collaboration ties with local, national or international partners. It also intends to determine in what extent the collaboration can influence the patent transfer. A collaboration network between CSIC researchers and their external collaborators was bu...

This paper attempts to build a classification model according to the research products created by those institutes and hence to design specific evaluation processes. Several scientific input/output indicators belonging to 109 research institutes from the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) were selected. A multidimensional approach was propose...

This paper aims to analyse the collaboration network of the 6th Framework Programme of the EU, specifically the “Life sciences, genomics and biotechnology for health” thematic area. A collaboration network of 2,132 participant organizations was built and several variables were added to improve the visualization such as type of organization and nati...

Recently there is increasing interest in university rankings. Annual rankings of world universities are published by QS for the Times Higher Education Supplement, the Shanghai Jiao Tong University, the Higher Education and Accreditation Council of Taiwan and rankings based on Web visibility by the Cybermetrics Lab at CSIC. In this paper we compare...

This paper aims to explore the role of each country in the health thematic area of the 6th Framework Programme (6FP) of the EU. We try to explain how the collaborative research processes are generated in a research programme using social network analysis (SNA) tools. We have modelled a one-mode network set up by 2,132 organizations which participat...

The objective of this work is to describe the distribution of different types of participating organizations in the health thematic area of the 6th Framework Programme. A total of 2132 different organizations were classified according to four types and then grouped by country. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was carried out on the percentage o...

The aim of this paper is to characterize the distribution of number of hits and spent time by web session. It also expects to find if there are significant differences between the length and the duration of a session with regard to the point of access–search engine, link or root. Web usage mining was used to analyse 17,174 web sessions that were id...

The aim of this work is to describe the participation of Spanish institutions in the 6th Framework Programme’s thematic area on health. It presents a structural analysis of the collaboration network among the different organizations that participate in these projects, as well as a description of the degree of participation and of the results obtain...

The Ranking Web of World Repositories (http://repositories.webometrics.info) is introduced. The objective is to promote Open access initiatives (OAI) supporting the use of repositories for scientific evaluation purposes. A set of metrics based on web presence, impact and usage is discussed. The Ranking is built on indicators obtained from web searc...

The aim of this paper is to model and study the age of the Web using a sample of about four million of web pages from the 16 European Research Area countries obtained during 2004 and 2005. Web page time-stamp (date when the web pages were created or last changed for last time), format and size in bytes data have been analysed. Several indicators ar...

This work provides a visual display of the domain network the most important Iberoamerican universities. The topological characteristics of this network are described, and the web relationships among the universities of different countries and continents are examined. The top 350 institutions of higher education of Iberoamerica were selected from t...

This work analyses how Spanish university scholars are adopting the use of the Internet, focusing on the Universidad Complutense de Madrid. The web visibility of the works published by the university’s scholars was examined, and a comparison made of the observed gender pattern with that apparent in bibliometric studies. The publications of 289 of t...

A visual display of the most important universities in the world is the aim of this paper. It shows the topological characteristics and describes the web relationships among universities of different countries and continents. The first 1000 higher education institutions from the Ranking Web of World Universities were selected and their link relatio...

10 pages, 5 figures, 9 tables.-- PMID: 19211075 [PubMed].-- Printed version published on Feb 7, 2009. More information on the Ranking of World Hospitals available at: http://hospitals.webometrics.info/ [ES] Para muchas instituciones sociales, entre las que se encuentran los hospitales, la Web se ha convertido en una interesante herramienta de traba...

The analysis of web usage information is an important cybermetric tool for describing the visits and visitors to a website, and their navigation behaviour, which can help in designing the structure and contents of the webpages. The paper describes the main concepts (log file, session, user) and introduces both manual and automated techniques to stu...

Análisis estructural de una red social en línea: la red española de Flickr El profesional de la información, v.17, n. 6, noviembre-diciembre 2008 Análisis estructural de una red social en línea: la red española de Flickr Por José-Luis Ortega e Isidro-F. Aguillo Resumen: El presente trabajo analiza desde un punto de vista estructural la red de miemb...

The aim of this paper is to study the link relationships in the Nordic academic web space – comprised of 23 Finnish, 11 Danish and 28 Swedish academic web domains with the European one. Through social networks analysis we intend to detect sub-networks within the Nordic network, the position and role of the different university web domains and to un...

Today the worldwide web (web) is one of the main sources of information and the main showcase for everyone (institutions, business enterprises, individuals, etc.) who wants to be recognized on in the 'real world'. At the academic level, universities have a very important role as a means to communicate scientific and cultural achievements. Web publi...

This communication tries to analyse and visual-ize the German academic web space. It intends to show the structural characteristic of the net-work, showing groups and detecting the highest degree universities. Its relationships with the remaining European countries are also de-scribed. A network graph was built from the link relationship among 110...

This national-level study intends to describe the existing relationships between the number of web pages, inlinks to and outlinks from Europe and national or internal links in the European Higher Education Area through a sample of 535 European universities web domains. Several geographical maps are introduced to summarize and visualize this statist...

This paper shows maps of the web presence of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) on the level of universities using hyperlinks and analyses the topology of the European academic network. Its purpose is to combine methods from Social Network Analysis (SNA) and cybermetric techniques in order to ask for tendencies of integration of the European...

Se pretende representar visualmente la situación de la web académica española y su relación con el contexto del espacio web universitario europeo, con la finalidad de conocer su topología, sus universidades más destacadas y su posición respecto al resto de espacios web europeos. Para ello se han utilizado mapas de co-enlaces y grafos que han permit...

Spain's academic web space is diagrammed, together with its relationship with the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), with the goal of determining the topology, the outstanding universities, and our standing with respect to other European web spaces. Several co-link maps and network graphs visually represent these relationships among universitie...

Resumen. Utilizando los datos cibermétricos de las 500 primeras universidades latinoamericanas de acuerdo a indicadores Web obtenidos mediante motores de búsqueda, se analiza la comunicación de sus actividades científicas y aca-démicas a través de Internet. Se presta especial atención al uso de los llama-dos ficheros ricos, normalmente asociados a...

The top 500 Latin American universities according to Webindicators derived from search engines were selected in order to obtainwebometric data for the analysis of their commitment to the publication oftheir scientific effort in the Net. The target of the study were the rich files,a format usually devoted to documents intended to be used as scientif...

The aim of this work is to describe the interdisplinary research relationships among several Spanish university departments and research groups located in the Spanish web space. 699 web sites from 2390 were selected according to whether a web site receives or links to at least one of the rest. The links between them were extracted with a commercial...