José Joaquín Muros

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• PhD
• Lecturer at University of Granada

Background Over the past three decades, there has been a significant increase in the prevalence and incidence of overweight and obesity worldwide. The obesogen hypothesis suggests that certain external agents may affect pathways related to fat accumulation and energy balance by stimulating fat cell differentiation and proliferation. Previous resear...

Objectives: The present study aimed to examine the relationship between screen time (ST), sleep time (SLT), physical fitness (PF), Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence, eating behaviours, and body mass index (BMI) in a sample of pre-schoolers from Granada (Spain). In order to address this aim, an explanatory model was developed to examine existing rel...

Objectives: Physical activity (PA) has many significant health benefits for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of the present systematic review was to synthesise published studies focusing on the effect of PA interventions on executive function (EF) 6-12-year-old-children with ASD. To our knowledge, no systematic review has yet b...

Nutrition is much more than food [...]

Objective The present study examined the association of body mass index (BMI), fat mass, physical activity engagement (PA), maximal oxygen consumption (VO 2 max), screen time and academic performance (AP) with Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence in a sample of high socioeconomic status (SES) children. Design A non-randomized design was used. A multi...

INTRODUCTION: AlcaLip® is a commercial nutritional supplement composed of alpha-lipoic acid and acetyl-L-carnitine(1). Acetyl-L-carnitine could have positive effects on high-intensity exercise performance(2) and alpha-lipoic acid have shown to reduce exercise-related oxidative stress(3). In the cycling field, there is growing evidence showing that...

(1) Background: The present study aimed to examine the relationship between physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence, self-esteem (SE) and academic performance (AP) in primary education students. In order to address this aim, an explanatory model was developed to examine the existin...

Adequate physical activity (PA) engagement and Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence are important for improving health. Children's lifestyles have been affected by lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is also possible that the initial detrimental impact of the pandemic on children's health continues beyond the period in which confinement was impo...

Increasing food security is one of the Sustainable Development Goals. One of the main risks in food is the increase in food contaminants. Processing methods, such as the addition of additives or heat treatment, influence contaminant generation and increase their levels in food. The aim of the present study was to create a database using a methodolo...

Background: It is known that the promotion and acquisition of healthy attitudes is a key factor depending on the academic training provided by the university studies on which students are enrolled.The aim of the present research is to analyse and compare lifestyle habits and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as a function of academic training...

Purpose Certain anthropometric characteristics are required for athletes to successfully perform in elite endurance sports. The present study aims to analyse the anthropometric characteristics of professional cyclists according to their specialty. Method Anthropometric measurements were conducted of the body composition of seventy-six male profess...

The first aim of the present study was to assess the dietary intake of professional cyclists during pre-season. The second aim was to assess the dietary habits of this population during a complete season. Fifteen elite male (age: 23.2 ± 5.4 years) and twenty-three elite female (age: 20.1 ± 7.0 years) cyclists volunteered to participate in the study...

Background: Despite previous research suggesting that certain anthropometric characteristics are required to successfully perform in track cycling, current literature fails to describe these characteristics in depth in large cohorts of professional UCI cyclists. The main aims of the present study were to determine the anthropometric characteristic...

Regular physical activity and good adherence to the Mediterranean diet are important for improving physical and mental health. Confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a lack of exercise and poor nutrition. Preadolescent mental health, specifically regarding self-esteem, may have been affected. This is particularly relevant between the a...

There is a lack of sufficient information on the dietary intake and nutritional supplementation of recreational endurance athletes throughout the year. The present observational study sought to assess the dietary intake and nutritional supplementation habits of recreational cyclists and triathletes from Spain. 4,037 cyclists and triathletes complet...

The present research aims to analyse the psychometric properties of the AF5 questionnaire for its adaptation for use with young people during a lockdown period. Research was conducted with a sample of 534 students aged between 13 and 17 years (M = 14.49; SD = 1.805). Exploratory factor analysis was conducted using the FACTOR program and confirmator...

Background There is a lack of sufficient information on the dietary intake and nutritional supplementation of recreational endurance athletes throughout the year. The present observational study sought to assess the dietary intake and nutritional supplementation habits of recreational cyclists and triathletes from Spain. Methods 4,037 cyclists and...

Resumen. En la adolescencia temprana se dan numerosas transformaciones y la adquisición de un estilo de vida saludable es trascendental para disminuir la aparición de enfermedades no transmisibles. Objetivo: analizar la relación entre la práctica de la actividad física (AF), la adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (DM) y el nivel socioeconómico (NSE)...

Los programas de intervención orientados hacia hábitos de vida saludables son cada vez más imprescindibles en la sociedad actual, siendo las poblaciones jóvenes los principales interesados en los mismos, por tanto, se presenta un estudio de revisión de literatura, con los objetivos de realizar una revisión teórica de artículos relacionados con prog...

Background During recent years, there has been increasing interest in the study of eating disorders within sports practitioners, with prevalence being reported to be higher than in the general population. The aim of this study was to describe and predict eating disorders according to sex, body mass index, age and sport discipline within a sample of...

The first aim of the present work was to examine the effects of a physical activity sports program, specifically Kin-Ball, within a group of individuals with intellectual disabilities, on decreasing sedentary behavior and improving basic physical skills. The second aim was to evaluate social validity and acceptability of the intervention. In this p...

The social, personal and work demands of society within the digital era are making life become more and more stressful for many. As a result, an increasing number of people are suffering from some kind of mental health condition, with youth being a critical period during which such conditions arise. The purpose of this chapter is to review the most...

The purpose of the present study was to describe the anthropometric characteristics, body composition and somatotype of elite male young runners (EYR), and to compare these variables according to the specialty in which they engaged (middle-distance vs. long-distance). This will enable an anthropometric profile chart to be established for them. Nine...

The aims of this study were to describe and compare the anthropometric and physical fitness attributes of male padel players according to their competitive level, and to establish a functional anthropometric and physical profile. A total of 60 males participated in the present study. Athletes were grouped according to competition level, forming an...

Purpose The interaction between thyroid status and brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation is complex. We assessed the effect of autoimmune hypothyroidism (ATD) in female children on BAT activation, measured using infrared thermography. Methods Twenty-six female participants (14 with ATD and 12 healthy controls) aged between 5-17 years old attended...

S) Revisión sistemática de la relación de los hábitos de vida saludables en la infancia y adolescencia y su influencia en la salud Resumen Partiendo de la consideración de la salud como un estado dinámico pero a la vez de equilibrio positivo de la persona en relación con su propio bienestar y provocado por la interacción con el medio ambiente, abor...

Objective: Cold stimulation, acting through β 3-adrenergic adrenoreceptors, is the primary functional regulator of brown adipose tissue. Diet can also stimulate heat production from brown fat, contributing to dietary-induced thermogenesis. It is not known, however, whether this is a direct effect of the food, its metabolism, or stimulation of tempe...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207860.].

In childhood and adolescence an adequate mineral intake is essential for normal growth and immune function, and to prevent chronic diseases in adulthood. The aim of this study was to analyse the dietary intake of Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and Cu in children and adolescents from an orphanage-school in Guatemala and to assess the mineral contribution of nutriti...

Objective: Retrospective studies of brown adipose tissue (BAT) function assessed by the uptake of fluorine-18-fludeoxyglucose using a positron emission tomography/ computed tomography scans primarily in cancer patients, indicate that BAT activity differs with sex and body mass index (BMI) in adult humans. The extent to which comparable findings are...

The present study defines and contrasts an explanatory model of alcohol and tobacco consumption, and physical activity engagement according to the five dimensions of self-concept in a sample of 2.134 adolescents from the province of Granada (Spain). The instruments used were the Self-concept Questionnaire Form-5, the Test for the Identification of...

Resilience is a psychological characteristic which enhances personal assets and protects individuals from potential negative effects of various stressors. While this topic has been considered in the separate context of sports injuries and anxiety states, these issues have rarely been considered together. The objective of this study is to analyse th...

Multigroup structural equation model: Injured. Note 1: LCC, locus of control and commitment; DCOA, defiance of conduct oriented to the action; ARM, self-efficacy and resistance to malaise; OASE, optimism and adaptation to stressful situations; and ES, spirituality. (DOCX)

Model theories: Resilience and Anxiety. Note 1: LCC, locus of control and commitment; DCOA, defiance of conduct oriented to the action; ARM, self-efficacy and resistance to malaise; OASE, optimism and adaptation to stressful situations; and ES, spirituality. (DOCX)

Multigroup structural equation model: Non-injured. Note 1: LCC, locus of control and commitment; DCOA, defiance of conduct oriented to the action; ARM, self-efficacy and resistance to malaise; OASE, optimism and adaptation to stressful situations; and ES, spirituality. (DOCX)

Weights and standardized regression weights in injured players. Note 1: P.R., Regression Weights; P.E.R., Standardized Regression Weights; S.E., Estimation of error; C.R., Critical Ratio. Note 2: LCC, locus of control and commitment; DCOA, defiance of conduct oriented to the action; ARM, self-efficacy and resistance to malaise; OASE, optimism and a...

Weights and standardized regression weights in non-injured players. Note 1: P.R., Regression Weights; P.E.R., Standardized Regression Weights; S.E., Estimation of error; C.R., Critical Ratio. Note 2: LCC, locus of control and commitment; DCOA, defiance of conduct oriented to the action; ARM, self-efficacy and resistance to malaise; OASE, optimism a...

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) has rapidly declined in Mediterranean countries due to the increasing introduction of the Western diet. The aim of this study was to describe adherence to the MD within a sample of athletes from Spain. A second aim was to predict adherence to various components of the MD according to region, sex, and sport d...

(1) Background: The aim of this study was to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and to examine the relationship between MD adherence, physical activity, self-concept, and other sociodemographic factors; (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study (N = 597; 18.99 ± 0.64 years) was conducted in a sample of university students from Ceuta, Melill...

The aim of this study was to quantify the food intake of an International Cyclist Union (UCI) World Tour professional cyclist team and to analyse changes in body composition during the Tour of Spain. Nine male professional road cyclists (31.3 ± 3.0 years) volunteered to participate in the study. Nutritional data were collected each day throughout t...

Overweight and obesity have increased alarmingly in developed countries, reaching regarded as the biggest problem for public health in the XXI century. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in a representative population of schoolchildren aged 10-11 years in Santiago (Chile). A cross-sectional stu...

Introducción: la etapa escolar representa un periodo de riesgo en el desarrollo de hábitos como el ocio digital sedentario, que favorece patologías futuras como la obesidad. La práctica de actividad física (AF) y el nivel de adherencia a la dieta mediterránea (DM) permiten su prevención, por lo que es esencial promover climas motivacionales hacia e...

Introduction: the school stage represents a period of risk in the development of habits such as sedentary digital leisure, which favours future pathologies such as obesity. The practice of Physical Activity and the level of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MD) allows its prevention, being essential to promote motivational climates in sport tha...

Overweight and obesity have increased alarmingly in developed countries, reaching regarded as the biggest problem for public health in the XXI century. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in a representative population of schoolchildren aged 10-11 years in Santiago (Chile). A cross-sectional stu...

The aim of this research was to develop an explanatory model of body mass index (BMI), health-related quality of life, and physical activity , and to analyse the effects of the physical variables on the levels of physical activity, self-esteem and health-related quality of life. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 631 Spanish schoo...

(1) Background: Several studies have shown how certain types of motivation for sports can favour healthy habits or can cause risk behaviours. (2) Methods: The aim of this study was to establish and verify an explanatory model for motivational climate in sport which considers other possible influential variables related to health. This research was...

(1) Background: Different authors have established that each type of motivation to sports can favor healthy habits in men and women, being important to promote more self-determined motivations. (2) Methods: The present study was designed to assess selected psychometric properties of the Perceived Motivational Climate in Sport Questionnaire and stud...

Aims. This study aims to identify the relationship between problematic consumption of substances and video games use with sex and place of residence in a sample of Spanish university students. Methods. The research was conducted with a sample of 490 university students (M = 22.8 years; SD = 3.63). The main instruments used were the Fagerström Test...

Aim Healthy habits are influenced by several factors such as geographical location. The aims of this study were to describe and compare healthy habits within two populations of sixth-grade primary school children (aged 11–12 years) from northern and southern Spain. Subjects and methods A cross-sectional study using two representative samples of sc...

Resumen: En la actualidad el conocimiento de los aspectos físicos y cogni-tivos es esencial en el contexto deportivo, ante esta situación la imagen que tiene una persona sobre sí mismo (autoconcepto) y el cómo se encuentra emocionalmente (inteligencia emocional) repercute en la acción deportiva. Ante esta situación se plantea el siguiente trabajo c...

Objective: The aim of this research was to examine the association between body mass index, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and health‐related quality of life in a sample of Spanish adolescents. Method: The study involved 456 adolescents aged between 11 and 14 years. They completed questionnaires on the Mediterranean diet (K...

During adolescence individuals experience a number of cognitive, physical, psychological and emotional changes which can impinge on their health and wellbeing. The aim of this study was to identify associations with five components of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children. Data were collected from 456 children attending one of five sch...

Situando la visión teórica de diferentes autores en conceptos tan relevantes como la actividad física y la salud, se puede tener un enfoque aproximado de cómo intervenir para mejorar ambos, teniendo en cuenta la relación tan estrecha que existe entre ellos y, al mismo tiempo, sin olvidar un tercer factor muy relevante como la relación que existe en...

Espejo, T.; Chacón, R.; González, G.; Padial, R.; Linares, M.; Muros, J.J. (2017). Efectos del ciclismo en la potencia aeróbica (VO2Max). Journal of Sport and Health Research. 9(supl 1):171-176.

Polyphenols are bioactive substances of vegetal origin with a significant impact on human health. The assessment of polyphenols intake and excretion is therefore important. The Folin-Ciocalteu (F-C) method is the reference assay to measure polyphenols in foods as well as their excretion in urine. However, many substances can influence the method, m...

The present research examined the association of Mediterranean diet adherence and physical activity with self-esteem through five components of health-related quality of life. Data were collected from 456 adolescents attending one of five schools in Granada, Spain using a cluster-randomised design. Participants completed questionnaires on Mediterra...

Background: The aim of the study was to describe the anthropometric profile of male Olympic cross country (XCO) mountain bikers. Methods: Fifty one XCO bikers participated in this study, divided into an elite group who competed in top level international competitions, and a non-elite group who competed at a national level. The elite group was fu...

Physical activity, obesity and self-esteem in chilean schoolchildren Background: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic disease and a problem for the Chilean society. Aim: To analyze the relationship between physical condition, body mass index (BMI), level of physical activity and self-esteem. Material ad Methods: Questionnaires to assess self-esteem (Ros...

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) within a population of children from Santiago, Chile. A secondary aim was to examine the relationship between MD adherence, body composition, physical fitness, self-esteem, and other lifestyle factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional study of a sample of child...

Objective: The aim of this research was to examine the association between body mass index, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and health-related quality of life in a sample of Spanish adolescents. Method: The study involved 456 adolescents aged between 11 and 14 years. They completed questionnaires on the Mediterranean diet...

The aim of the study was to determine and analyze the relationships between motivational climate, physical self-concept and resilience, based on gender. 148 judokas participated with a mean age of 23.09 years (SD = 6.731) of Chile. Completed questionnaires motivational climate (PMCSQ-2), physical self (AF-5) and resilience (CD-RISC). For statistica...

Background & Study Aim: At achievement goal theory states that the way in which individuals demonstrates competence can influence their motivation to enact behaviour in training, or in performance. The general aim of this study is the relationship between motivational climate, physical self-concept and resilience based on the competitive level of j...

The main objective of this study is to analyze the state of anxiety state and trait anxiety of Chilean judokas based on gender, level of competition and training hours. This research involved a total of 148 judokas Chileans of both sexes (58.1% men and 41.9% women), 18 to 63 years (M = 23.09 years, SD = 6,731) of 11 Chilean Judo clubs. It was used...

Introduccion: la sociedad actual esta experimentando reducciones significativas en los niveles de actividad fisica, y estos niveles de sedentarismo estan asociados a un aumento de la obesidad. Objetivo: describir y analizar las relaciones entre composicion corporal, realizacion de actividad fisica y condicion fisica, ademas de describir los indices...

Introducción: Guatemala ha estado experimentando una transición en sus estilos de vida. Mientras que la desnutrición crónica sigue siendo prevalente, se ha experimentado un aumento sustancial de los casos de obesidad. Objetivo: proporcionar información actualizada sobre las nuevas tendencias en cuanto al estado nutricional en Guatemala. Métodos: se...

Introduction: Guatemala has been experiencing a lifestyle transition. While chronic malnutrition remains prevalent obesity, has increased substantially. Objective: The study aimed to provide current information on nutritional status trends in Guatemala. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two different regions of Guatemala.A random sa...

Introduction: Society is currently experiencing significant reductions in physical activity levels and increases in sedentary behavior are associated with obesity. Objective: The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a group of school children in Santiago, Chile and explore the relationship between body compo...

Introduction: Mediterranean diet (MD) is one of the most complete and healthy dietary models according to numerous studies. In this sense, the university stage involves a substantial change in the eating habits of young adults away from the standards associated with MD. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the level of adherence to the...

The present research sheds light on the importance of physical activity with regards to self-concept in Spanish adolescents and considers physical exercise, family and academic variables. An explanatory and relational study was conducted. A total of 2, 134 teenagers aged between 15 and 18 years old participated in the study. A descriptive and relat...

Introduction: Nutrire® is a computer programme, a product of three innovation teaching projects of the University of Granada (Spain), designed to carry out the assessment of the nutritional status by anthro-pometric, dietetic and biochemical parameters. Objectives: The main aim of this study is to present its overall results and to analyze its stre...

Hidden hunger occurs in the presence of an otherwise nutritionally or energetically appropriate diet that is deficient in essential vitamins and minerals. Guatemala has the highest rate of child malnutrition in Latin America and the prevalence of hidden hunger is high. The aim of this study was to determine the Mn, Se and Cr dietary intakes in Guat...

The aim of this study was to analyse the relationships between physical activity level and anthropometric parameters, adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) and screen time in a representative sample of schoolchildren in Santiago. The girls showed spend fewer hours in front of the screen than boys (2.12 ± 0.93 vs 2.64 ± 0.93) and greater adherenc...

Appropriate nutrition through adequate dietary intake of total calories, macronutrients, and micronutrients is an essential component of optimizing the performance of all elite athletes. The aim of this study was to describe the food intake, body composition, and biochemical profile of professional cyclists during the Tour of Andalusia, a four-stag...

Introduction: In recent decades, attention has been directed at global theories that attempt to prevent childhood obesity by exposing them to healthy environments. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of health-promoting environments in primary schools in Logroño (La Rioja, Spain) on the habits of school children. Methods: The dire...

Introduction: Self-esteem seems to be an important predictor of depressive symptoms in adolescents, especially in females. Some authors suggest that there is a relationship between adolescents with overweight or obesity and lower self-esteem. In addition, sports participation has been associated with a higher self-esteem. Objectives: To analyses...

Introduction: During the last decades, the increase in the rate of children and adolescents that are overweight or obese is alarming and it is related with a lower social competency, and low self-esteem. Method: A transversal study was conducted with a representative sample of 292 students enrolled in years 8 and 9 at secondary school (13.05±0.9...

During the last decades, the increase in the rate of children and adolescents who are overweight or obese is alarming and it is related with a lower social competency, and low self-esteem.

Introducción: La autoestima parece ser un importante predictor de síntomas depresivos entre los jóvenes, y sobre todo en el género femenino. Algunos autores sugieren que la existencia de sobrepeso y/o obesidad en jóvenes se relaciona con una menor autoestima así como la participación deportiva se ha asociado con unos valores más altos de la misma....

Introduction: child overweight and obesity have become, in recent decades, an epidemic that affects developed countries in particular. Many increasingly negative health impacts are related to childhood obesity. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obese people in a city of northern Spain, and to identify the facto...

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of nutritional education and vigorous physical activity on health-related parameters. The sample group consisted of 134 children from five rurally-located schools. Participants were divided between five different experimental groups: control group (CG), physical activity group (PA), nutritional edu...

In recent decades, attention has been directed at global theories that attempt to prevent childhood obesity by exposing them to healthy environments. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of health-promoting environments in primary schools in Logroño (La Rioja, Spain) on the habits of school children. The directors of the 31 primary sc...

Introduction: Current lifestyles have led to an increase in sedentary activities and a decrease in physical activity, which can lead to a worsening of the present and future health of children. Aims: This study sought to describe the lifestyle and physical activity habits of schoolchildren in a city in northern Spain and to analyse the relationship...

Introduction: child overweight and obesity have become, in recent decades, an epidemic that affects specially to developed countries. Many increasingly negative health impacts are related to childhood obesity. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a northern Spain city, and to identify the factors that i...

Introduction: Childhood obesity is an epidemic that is more prevalent in developed countries, but the negative effects it has on children's health could be decreased by good physical fitness. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the level of physical fitness of a group of school children in a city in the North of Spain (Logrolio, La R...