José Carlos Maldonado

• PhD
• Professor (Full) at University of São Paulo

Context: The Internet of Things (IoT) involves heterogeneous devices that interact and process data via the Internet. In the development of IoT systems, requirement elicitation is crucial. However, challenges such as heterogeneity, interoperability, scalability, and requirements volatility necessitate new approaches or adapting traditional techniqu...

Background: The Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm involves a network of devices that exchange data through the Internet. Defining IoT systems' requirements addresses their functionality, device interactions, and data integration while meeting stakeholder needs. Design Thinking (DT) may support this process with its user-centered techniques. However...

Context: This paper reports the experience of re-implementing Design Thinking (DT) in a Technological Development Institute that faced potential closure due to the departure of its sponsors (funding companies). Following the departure of the sponsors, the Institute relocated its operations, resulting in a significant reduction of the team to 33 emp...

The Internet of Things (IoT) comprises devices that communicate and process data over the Internet. Requirement elicitation in IoT systems is crucial but faces challenges such as heterogeneity, interoperability, scalability, and requirements volatility. This work introduces two new techniques to support this phase: the Sensorina Map, inspired by th...

Context: Requirements Engineering is crucial in software development, and Design Thinking (DT) emerges as an alternative to improve it, especially in requirements elicitation. The literature reports the utility of DT in this activity, offering a large number of techniques, although choosing one of them can be challenging. To mitigate this challenge...

Context: Testing activities are essential for the quality assurance of mobile applications under development. Despite its importance, some studies show that testing is not widely applied in mobile applications. Some characteristics of mobile devices and a varied market of mobile devices with different operating system versions lead to a highly frag...

A gamificação de atividades avaliativas utilizando de elementos de jogos pode contribuir significativamente no engajamento e na motivação de estudantes, gerando um aumento na fixação do conhecimento. Vincular a gamificação a um Small Private Online Course (SPOC), que são cursos online voltados a um número reduzido de participantes, é benéfico, pois...

Context: The Internet of Things (IoT) consists of networks of physical objects embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies to maintain communication and exchange data over a network. These characteristics bring new challenges to the entire development cycle, including requirements engineering (RE). RE practices have been adapted to meet...

Context: Requirements Engineering (RE) is essential to software quality. Studies have shown that software engineers often make mistakes , such as insufficient or misunderstood requirements. Therefore , it is necessary to support all the RE phases, especially eliciting requirements. In this context, Design Thinking (DT) is commonly used to deal with...

The architecture of a software product line is an important artifact which represents an abstraction of the products that can be generated. It is crucial to evaluate the quality attributes of a product line architecture to improve the product line process, in terms of productivity and reduction of the time to market. The evaluation of PLA can serve...

In this chapter we present the Stereotype Management of Variability (SMarty) approach, its UML 2 compliant profile, and its process to guide users at identifying and representing variabilities in UML-based Software Product Lines (SPL). UML plays a central role as it is the standard modeling language and it is used from now in this book, as well as...

Nowadays, SPOCs (Small Private Online Courses) have been used as complementary methods to support classroom teaching. SPOCs are courses that apply the usage of MOOCs (Mas-sive Open Online Courses), combining classroom with online education, making them an exciting alternative for contexts such as emergency remote teaching. Although SPOCs have been...

Since the beginning of the release of open data by many countries, different methodologies for publishing linked data have been proposed. However, they seem not to be adopted by early studies exploring linked data for different reasons. In this work, we conducted a systematic mapping in the literature to synthesize the different approaches around t...

Os dados abertos disponibilizados por governos em todo o mundo têm sido usados para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas, serviços e políticas públicas, gerando insights e embasando ações. Um desafio atual é a dificuldade em conectar diferentes fontes desses dados para realizar cruzamentos complexos, devido a problemas como interoperabilidade e alinhamen...

Online Learning Communities (OLC) are nowadays one of the most important producers of Big Data in education. However, the investigation of such environments is underrepresented in educational research. There is a lack of methods and tools that characterize the massive learning associated with the student participation in large OLC. This paper prese...

Governments worldwide have invested resources in publishing open data to promote new business and services and to promote transparency and accountability of public policies. However, due to different factors, such as different file formats and different information granularity, these data end up in informational silos, without having additional val...

Context: In order to preserve the value of Systematic Reviews (SRs), they should be frequently updated considering new evidence that has been produced since the completion of the previous version of the reviews. However, the update of an SR is a time consuming, manual task. Thus, many SRs have not been updated as they should be and, therefore, they...

The presentation of results from Systematic Literature Reviews (SLRs) is generally done using tables. Prior research suggests that results summarized in tables are often difficult for readers to understand. One alternative to improve results' comprehensibility is to use graphical representations. The aim of this work is twofold: first, to investiga...

Background: A systematic literature review (SLR) is a methodology used to aggregate all relevant existing evidence to answer a research question of interest. Although crucial, the process used to select primary studies can be arduous, time consuming, and must often be conducted manually. Objective: We propose a novel approach, known as 'Systematic...

A systematic literature review (SLR) is a methodology used to find and aggregate all relevant existing evidence about a specific research question of interest. Important decisions need to be made at several points in the review process, relating to search of the literature, selection of relevant primary studies and use of methods of synthesis. Visu...

Online Learning Communities (OLC), supported by social web technologies, have proved to be beneficial for collaborative knowledge building, mainly in informal environments. There is an increasing interest in assessing online Social Learning (SL) in these communities. However, there is no agreement on how their performance can be measured. This pape...

A Loggi, criada em 2013, é uma das empresas unicórnios no Brasil, com soluções inovadoras e relevantes no setor de logística, com forte base em tecnologias digitais. O conhecimento teórico, o conhecimento de aspectos de automatização do processo e de evidências do custo e eficácia de critérios, técnicas e ferramentas de testes são de fundamental im...

Question classification is a key point in many applications, such as Question Answering (QA, e.g. Yahoo! Answers), Information Retrieval (IR, e.g. Google search engine) and E-learning systems (e.g. Bloom's tax. classifiers). This paper aims to carry out a systematic review of the literature on automatic question classifiers and the technology direc...

Resumo-Diversas açaç˜ações podem ser colocadas em prática para despertar o interesse de mulheres pelos cursos de ciências exatas e tecnologia. Com essa finalidade, o Instituto de Ciências Matemáticas e de ComputaçComputaç˜Computação (ICMC) da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) apresenta, pela primeira vez, um grupo de extensão dedicado para a realizaç...

Mutation test is a criterion for creating and evaluating test sets. It is recognized as a criterion capable of creating test sets with high effectiveness, that is, with high capacity to reveal defects in the software, when present. On the other hand, a serious problem for its practical use in the software industry is the large number of mutants tha...

Com o intuito de permitir que alunas do ensino médio e fundamental da cidade de São Carlos e região pudessem descobrir e desvendar o universo do Technovation Challenge, o Instituto de Ciências Matemáticas e de Computação da Universidade de São Paulo (ICMC-USP) promoveu o Technovation Hackday que reuniu 74 estudantes mulheres entre 10 e 18 anos, de...

Interactive educational resources can promote a virtual environment that enable their users to acquire knowledge, train skills and have constant feedback. However, for an educational resource to be effective, its development should be systematic and multidisciplinary. Different methods have been proposed to provide support for the educational resou...

Context: Software testing is an important task in software product quality assurance. Alternatives approach for teaching and training students and professionals have been addressed in many studies, recently. In this article, peer testing is investigated as one alternative approach to mitigate the current lack of well-trained professionals. Objectiv...

Mutation testing is a program-transformation technique that injects artificial bugs to check whether the existing test suite can detect them. However, the costs of using mutation testing are usually high, hindering its use in industry. Useless mutants (equivalent and duplicated) contribute to increase costs. Previous research has focused mainly on...

Mutation testing is a program-transformation technique that injects artificial bugs to check whether the existing test suite can detect them. However, the costs of using mutation testing are usually high, hindering its use in industry. Useless mutants (equivalent and duplicated) contribute to increase costs. Previous research has focused mainly on...

Software testing is a relevant activity to provide evidence of qualifty of software products. However, there is a lack of qualified professionals in this area. This can be caused due to difficulty in teaching software testing through approaches that use only theoretical classes and traditional tools. In addition, there is a lack of motivation due t...

Software testing is an essential activity for software product quality assurance. For historical reasons, there is lack of qualified professionals in this area as well as of studentsmotivation in learning software testing related contents. To mitigate these problems, some approaches have been proposed in educational games perspective. Among them, t...

Background Traditionally, mutation testing is used as test set generation and/or test evaluation criteria once it is considered a good fault model. This paper uses mutation testing for evaluating an automated static analyzer. Since static analyzers, in general, report a substantial number of false positive warnings, the intention of this study is t...

Plataformas de Recursos Educacionais Abertos (REAs) são sistemas que centralizam e auxiliam na distribuição destes materiais, com base nos 4Rs (Revisão, Remixagem, Reúso e Redistribuição). Entretanto, faltam mecanismos nos sistemas atuais para motivar e engajar discentes e docentes no reúso e redistribuição desses materiais. Este trabalho apresenta...

The test is a mandatory activity for software quality assurance. The knowledge about the software under testing is necessary to generate high-quality test cases, but to execute more than 80% of its source code is not an easy task, and demands an in-depth knowledge of the business rules it implements. In this article, we investigate the adequacy, ef...

Context: Software architecture and software testing have widely contributed to improve the quality of software systems, but they have been sometimes investigated in separated ways. Besides, there is a lack of work that presents an overview on how they can be combined to promote the advantages of each other. Objective: The main contribution of this...

Systems-of-Systems (SoS) refer to large, complex, and software-intensive systems, resulted from the interoperability among heterogeneous, independent constituent systems. The main purpose of SoS is to perform tasks that could not be achieved by these constituents separately; besides, unique SoS characteristics impose new challenges to their develop...

Extended finite state machines (EFSMs) provide a rigorous model for the derivation of functional tests for software systems and protocols. Various types of data-flow, control-flow, graph-based, and state machine based test selection criteria can be used for deriving tests from a given EFSM specification. Also, traditional types of state machine bas...

The systematic review (SR) is a methodology used to find and aggregate all relevant existing evidence about a specific research question of interest. One of the activities associated with the SR process is the selection of primary studies, which is a time consuming manual task. The quality of primary study selection impacts the overall quality of S...

Background: Since the first discussions of new challenges posed by aspect-oriented programming (AOP) to software testing, the real difficulties of testing aspect-oriented (AO) programs have not been properly analysed. Firstly, despite the customisation of traditional testing techniques to the AOP context, the literature lacks discussions on how har...

Software testing is a relevant activity to provide evidencies of the quality of software products. However, few courses in the computing area provide an adequate body of knowledge to the students and few of them pursue the software development practices and activities related to VV&T (Verification, Validation, and Testing), specifically testing, le...

Context: Software testing is an important activity to ensure quality for software products. However, there is a lack of qualified professionals and a lack of motivation to work with software testing. Objective: To identify the state of art about teaching software testing. Method: We performed a systematic mapping based on digital libraries and manu...

Usability is related to software quality, improving its ability to be understood, operated and attractive to users. We proposed the Design Usability Evaluation (DUE) technologies to allow identifying usability problems earlier in the development of Web applications, through the inspection of mockups. While we found that the DUE technique and tool w...

One of the activities associated with the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) process is the selection review of primary studies. When the researcher faces large volumes of primary studies to be analyzed, the process used to select studies can be arduous. In a previous experiment, we conducted a pilot test to compare the performance and accuracy of...

SOFTWARE LIVRE E CONTEÚDOS EDUCACIONAIS ABERTOS TÊM GANHADO CRESCENTE IMPORTÂNCIA COMO FORMA DE PROMOVER MECANISMOS EFETIVOS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO ABERTA E FLEXÍVEL, AMPLIANDO O ACESSO AO CONHECIMENTO COM CUSTOS REDUZIDOS E VALORIZANDO A COOPERAÇÃO E COLABORAÇÃO COMO PRÁTICAS EMERGENTES E INOVADORAS.

Currently, software-intensive systems have become larger and complex, resulting from the interoperability of several sometimes distributed, independent systems so that emergent, broader missions can be performed. So referred as Systems-of-Systems (SoS), this new class of systems has emerged in special in critical application domains. In another per...

Usability inspections in early stages of the development process help revealing problems that can be corrected at a lower cost than at advanced stages of the development. The MIT 1 (Model Inspection Technique for Usability Evaluation) is a usability inspection technique, which aims to anticipate usability problems through the evaluation of use case...

Both software testing and programming foundations are difficult subjects to be taught. In case of programming, experiences have suggested that the mastering of testing can contribute to enhance the students' skills of comprehension and analysis. So, automatic test-based assessment systems have been developed and adopted in programming courses. Aimi...

Context: In order to preserve the value of Systematic Reviews (SRs), they should be frequently updated considering new evidence that has been produced since the completion of the previous version of the reviews. However, the update of an SR is a time consuming, manual task. Thus, many SRs have not been updated as they should be and, therefore, they...

This chapter first discusses the definitions given to reference architectures; Then, It clarifies the differences between the reference architecture and reference model, as well as between the reference architecture and product line architecture (i.e. the architecture of software product line). Following this, It presents a model that describes the...

Reference architectures have emerged as a special type of software architecture that achieves well-recognized understanding of specific domains, promoting reuse of design expertise and facilitating the development, standardization, and evolution of software systems. Because of their advantages, several reference architectures have been proposed and...

Many test selection criteria are considered for the derivation of functional tests for reactive systems and protocols modeled using formal techniques such as Extended Finite State Machines (EFSMs). In this paper, we consider three known EFSM specifications and analytically compare the effectiveness of many EFSM test suites. The assessment is conduc...

Systematic Reviews (SRs) have recently intensified in Software Engineering. However, there is a lack of work that makes explicit how the process to perform SR is in practice. The goal of this paper is externalising the process that reflects how SRs are currently performed, transforming tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge. We describe the phases...

Background: Systematic literature reviews (SLRs)are an important component to identify and aggregate research evidence from different empirical studies. One of the activities associated with the SLR process is the selection of primary studies. The process used to select primary studies can be arduous, particularly when the researcher faces large vo...

Embedded systems are increasingly present in many electronic devices and is often related to critical applications. Therefore, the need for a well planned and executed testing procedure is even higher. We intend to contribute in this area by presenting an experimental evaluation of the pairwise combinatorial approach as a technique for test data ge...

Mutation testing is a test selection criterion that relies on the assumption that test cases which can reveal artificial faults in the software are also good to reveal the real ones. It helps to expose faults which would go otherwise unnoticed. This criterion has been shown to be a promising means to deal with testing-related specificities of conte...

Software Product Line (SPL) has arisen as an approach for developing a family of software-intensive systems at lower costs, within shorter time, and with higher quality. In particular, SPL is supported by a product line architecture (sometimes also referred to as reference architecture) that captures the architectures of a product family. From anot...

Software product line (PL) is an approach focused on a systematic software reuse that has been successfully applied to specific domains. One of its essential activities is the variability management to which there are several existing approaches, including the UML-based SMarty approach. Although there are several variability management approaches f...

The International Workshop on Software Engineering for Systems-of-Systems (SESoS 2013) was held in Montpellier, France, on July 2nd, 2013, as a joint workshop of the 7th European Conference on Software Architecture (ECSA 2013), the 9th European Conference on Modeling Foundations and Applications (ECMFA 2013), and the 27th European Conference on Obj...

This paper reports on a historical perspective of the evaluation studies present in software testing research published in the Brazilian Symposium on Software Engineering (SBES) in comparison to the International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE). The survey characterizes the software testing-related papers published in the 25-year history...

Population aging has been taking place in many countries across the globe and more recently in emerging countries. In this context, Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) has become one focus of attention, including methods, products, services, and AAL software systems that support the everyday lives of elderly people, promoting mainly their independence an...

The architecture of a software product line is one of its most important artifacts as it represents an abstraction of the products that can be generated. It is crucial to evaluate the quality attributes of a product line architecture in order to: increase the productivity of the product line process and the quality of the products; provide a means...

Variability management is an important issue for the software-intensive systems domain. Such an issue is essential for the success of software product line (SPL) adoption strategies. Although it is a well-discussed subject in the SPL community, there is a lack of tool support for environments that handle UML-based SPL variabilities, as several vari...

Learning environments are moving away from monolithic applications towards more open, flexible components, capable of interoperating with other learning components. In spite of the diversity of learning environments, there is a lack of uniformity regarding their basic functionalities. Thus, the establishment of core functionalities represents an is...

One of the activities associated with the systematic literature review (SLR) process is the selection of primary studies. When the researcher faces large volumes of primary studies to be analysed, the process used to select studies can be arduous, specially when the selection review activity is performed and all studies under analysis are read more...

ContextSystematic Literature Reviews (SLRs) are an important component to identify and aggregate research evidence from different empirical studies. Despite its relevance, most of the process is conducted manually, implying additional effort when the Selection Review task is performed and leading to reading all studies under analysis more than once...

Research on software product line evaluation has resulted in a variety series of approaches and techniques. Such approaches and techniques have evolved all over the years. However, they are not clearly mapped, thus supporting the search for respective information. This paper aims to present the landscape of research on software product line evaluat...

The software product line (PL) approach aims at promoting the generation of specific products based on the reusing of its core assets. Such core assets contain similar elements as well as features which vary according to specific products. The variability management has been an intensive and essential activity for the PL development. Several approa...

Model-based testing is focused on testing techniques which rely on the use of models. The diversity of systems and software to be tested implies the need for research on a variety of models and methods for test automation. We briefly review this research area and introduce several papers selected from the 22nd International Conference on Testing So...

Plugin development techniques and the software product line (SPL) approach have been combined to improve software reuse and effectively generate products. However, there is a lack of tools supporting the overall SPL process. Therefore, this paper presents an automated environment, called PlugSPL, for supporting plugin-based SPLs. Such environment i...

Embedded systems have gained more and more attention, as variety and complexity of these systems have increased. In particular, many of these systems are also critical regarding dependability, safety, security, among others. In parallel, since software architectures and reference architectures form the backbone of any successful system, including e...