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Introduction
Publications
Publications (178)
Stratigraphic and palaeontological analyses of the Middle Triassic (latest Anisian–Ladinian) in Muschelkalk facies are performed here to further unravel the palaeogeographic evolution of Sardinia in this time-frame. These shallow marine successions reveal a significant palaeontological record comprising facies and marker fossils (ammonoids, bivalve...
We report on a multi-proxy study of the Carnian Pluvial Episode in the continental Argana Basin (Morocco) based on mineralogy, geochemistry, paleosols and sedimentary features. The study focus on two sections of the Irohalene Member (unit t5) of the Timezgadiouine Formation dated as late Julian-early Tuvalian through clam shrimp (conchostracan) ass...
Until very recently, the early Alpine Permian-Triassic tectono-sedimentary phases preserved in the Cantabrian Mountains have suffered from important stratigraphic mismatches and wrong tectonics interpretations. The lack of precise ages and misunderstanding of the stratigraphical units were the main causes behind these problems. In consequence, the...
The scarce evidence of paleontological records between the upper Permian and the Anisian (Middle Triassic) of Western Europe could reflect (1) large stratigraphic gaps in the continental successions and/or (2) the persistence of disturbed conditions after the Permian–Triassic Boundary extinction event and the succession of ecological crises that oc...
In the northern Iberian Peninsula, the Pyrenean-Cantabrian orogenic belt extends E-W for ca. 1000 km between the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. This orogen developed from the collision between Iberia and Eurasia, mainly in Cenozoic times. Lower-middle Permian sediments crop out in small, elongated basins traditionally considered independent...
We report the results of a multidisciplinary study of the early Permian (Artinskian–Kungurian) Sotres Formation of northern Spain integrating sedimentology, palaeosols, mineralogy, stable isotopes, palynology, ichnology and tectonics. This continental unit was deposited in the near-equatorial Peri-Tethyan Cantabrian Basin. Having developed in the m...
The Capitanian (late middle Permian) and end‐Permian mass extinctions were particularly severe from a palaeoecological perspective. Previous studies of their expressions on land underscored their impacts on plants and vertebrates, but the effects on the continental invertebrate infauna remain poorly understood. A multiproxy analysis from the Iberia...
This study compares several geochemical factors (major and minor rare earth elements, Ti/Al ratios, and chemical index of alteration, CIA, values) in the Early Triassic Cañizar Formation (Fm) (Buntsandtein facies) of E Iberia with those of adjacent Middle Permian and Middle Triassic units (Alcotas and Eslida fms, respectively). According to signifi...
The present-day Cantabrian Mountains (N Spain) represent the western continuation of the Pyrenean-Cantabrian Orogen, which arose from a Cenozoic collision between the Iberian and Eurasian plates. The early Alpine sedimentary record of the Cantabrian basin is represented by the latest Carboniferous-Permian and Triassic rocks, mostly of continental o...
This work focuses on the Olenekian-Anisian (Early-Middle Triassic) continental record of the Central-Eastern Pyrenean basin (NE Spain), a near-equator (10°-14°N) basin located in the western peri-Tethys margin, inside the Variscan fold-belt. Due to the mass mortality of the end-Permian and the subsequent Smithian-Spathian Boundary (SSB) crisis, the...
The Late Carboniferous - early Permian was a time-interval of major geological and climatological
changes, mostly due to the transition to greenhouse conditions from the maximum glacial
coverage (Late Palaeozoic Ice Age or LPIA). This climatic change produced an increase of the
extinction rates on land plants and a variation on the constitution and...
La Manga Formation is a vast carbonate system developed in the Neuquén Basin. The age is based in ammonite faunas, ranging from Early Callovian (Bodenbenderi-Proximum Zone) to Middle Oxfordian (Cordatum Standard Zone to Transversarium Standard Zone, and probably to the lower part of the Bifurcatus Standard Zone). A stratigraphical and sedimentologi...
Several siltstone/claystone levels of the Permian succession in the Southern Pyrenees were
sampled for a detailed palynostratigraphic study. A new well preserved palynological
assemblage was obtained from this succession, which stands out because of its red continental
deposits interlayered by volcanic rocks radiometrically dated (281.5 ±2.3 Ma and...
A global view of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic geodynamic evolution of the Iberian microplate is necessary to determine the role of inherited Variscan structures in the configuration of the Alpine Cycle. Furthermore, it is important to reconstruct the extensional Mesozoic geometries of the Iberian margins, presently inverted during the Cenozoic compression...
The Permian-Triassic rifting represents the first of the two
Mesozoic rifting stages recorded in the Iberian Peninsula.
Its first phases of development started during the Early
Permian, and were linked to the beginning of the break-up
of Pangea, the large, unique and rheologically unstable
supercontinent that mainly resulted from the collision of
G...
During the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, Iberia experienced extensional and transtensional stresses leading to a complex rifting time interval. Africa–America–Europe relative motions determined the definition of the Iberian plate boundaries and the generation of rifted sedimentary basins and sub-basins along its continental margins and in the...
In recent years there is growing evidence of the importance of the Smithian-Spathian (Early Triassic) ecological crisis to explain the delayed recovery of life after the Permian-Triassic Boundary mass extinction. This study focuses on sedimentary continental rocks of middle Permian to Middle Triassic age from four different Peritethys basins in sub...
In their paper, Mujal et al. (2017) describe as exceptional a section in the E Pyrenees (namely the Coll de Terrers), considering it a continental succession that continuously spans in time from the Late Permian to the Early Triassic. These authors describe the sandy-clayey red-beds of the upper Buntsandstein unit as the upper part of the Upper Red...
In the western European basins, the paleoflora of late Pennsylvanian-early Permian transition is still a matter of discussion in terms of its age determination and biostratigraphic ranges. This study represents a review of the Upper Carboniferous and Permian stratigraphy of the Central and Eastern Pyrenees from continental successions with interbed...
The Pyrenean-Cantabrian Orogen arose through the collision of the Iberian and Eurasian plates, mostly in Cenozoic times. This orogen comprises two main mountain ranges, the Pyrenees to the east, and the Cantabrian Mountains to the west. To date, the early Alpine tectono-sedimentary phases preserved in the Cantabrian Mountains, of Permian and Triass...
This paper focuses on the diversity and biostratigraphical sense
of the “Thüringian” palynological assemblages in the middle-upper
Permian of the Iberian Peninsula (Ramos & Doubinger, 1979,
1989; Virgili et al., 1979, Virgili 2008). In this region, it has been
used the Permian classic division of Autunian and Thüringian to
refer to the lower and mi...
The break-up of Pangea remains one of the most interesting moments in the Earth's history. In the Pyrenees this geological moment is represented by continental successions, giving rise to a magnificent example of the creation of new basins and their sedimentary fill. In this work we present a study based on stratigraphy, sedimentology and synsedime...
This study examines rainfall variations of the Mid-Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE) based on the continental fluvial sedimentology, palaeosol and clay mineralogy records of the Stable Meseta (eastern Spain). In the formation examined, the Manuel Fm or K2 Fm, the CPE is represented by three regressive–transgressive sequences, or subunits K2.1, K2.2 and...
The Upper Carboniferous–early Permian stratigraphic succession of the Pyrenees is represented by
the volcanic-volcanoclastic deposits of the Grey Unit (GU), followed by the fluvial and lacustrine
deposits of the Transition Unit and the Lower Red Unit (Gisbert, 1981). The present work shows new
palynological data from the GU.
The GU is defined prima...
This paper focuses on the diversity and biostratigraphical sense of the “Thuringian”
palynological assemblages in the upper Permian of the Iberian Peninsula (Ramos &
Doubinger, 1979, 1989; Virgili et al., 1979, Virgili 2008).
Informally, the concepts of Autunian and Thuringian are used as chronostratigraphic
references to the lower Permian (Autunia...
The Triassic record in the SE Iberian Ranges starts with two tecto-sedimentary units of continental origin in Buntsandstein facies: and Cañizar and Eslida Formations. The Eslida Formation consists of sandstone bodies intercalated with thick, red siltstone beds. Where this unit is presented, it lies always conformably layers on top of the Cañizar Fo...
The late Palaeozoic-early Mesozoic stratigraphic succession of the Central Pyrenees provides the opportunity to study the evolution of sedimentary and volcano-sedimentary units deposited in a series of intracontinental basins. The genesis of these basins starts with a permo-carboniferous post-collisional, strike-slip tectonics, followed by an Early...
The late Carboniferous-Lower Triassic basins of the Central-eastern Pyrenees are the result of the post-orogenic transtension and extension after the Variscan orogeny. Several intramontane continental troughs formed in SW Europe following the Upper Carboniferous-Lower Permian crustal-scale dextral shearing. In this geodynamic scenario, a strong tec...
Paleokarst facies in la Manga Formation (middle Oxfordian), southern Mendoza province. Studies carried out in different outcrops of La Manga Formation (middle Callovian-middle Oxfordian) in southern Mendoza province, have allowed the recognition of an internal discontinuity characterized by the presence of a paleokarst. This surface was mentioned b...
Studies carried out in different outcrops of La Manga Formation (middle Callovian-middle Oxfordian) in southern Mendoza province, have allowed the recognition of an internal discontinuity characterized by the presence of a paleokarst. This surface was mentioned by Groeber as alveolar limestones. He also recognized surfaces displaying shades of yell...
This case-study examines correlations in the continental-marine sedimentary record for the Late Triassic Carnian Humid Episode in the western Tethys domain of present-day E Spain and islands of Majorca and Minorca.
The Permian and Triassic successions of the Catalan Pyrenees provide key information on the stratigraphic and paleontological record of Southern Europe. These deposits are encompassed in a long terrestrial succession ranging from the Late Carboniferous to the Middle Triassic, having been historically studied by different disciplines (e.g., Mey et a...
RESUMEN En este trabajo se presenta una recopilación de las especies de ammonoideos conocidas en los materiales de facies Muschelkalk del Triásico Medio de las diferentes cuencas españolas, como la Cordillera Costero Catalana, la isla de Menorca, la Cordillera Ibérica, la Cordillera Bética y la isla de Mallorca. Se aportan también las observaciones...
After some pioneering studies during the sixties and eighties of the last century, a few researches have been carried out on the continental Permian to Triassic sedimentary successions of central Pyrenees since the very recent and detailed insights of Gretter et al. (2015) and Mujal et al. (2016). In the frame of these last works, our aim is to cla...
The Triassic record in the SE Iberian Ranges starts with three tecto-sedimentary units of continental origin in Buntsandstein facies: Valdemeca Conglomerates Unit, Cañizar Sandstones Fm., and Eslida Mudstones and Sandstones Fm. (López-Gómez et al., 2012). The Eslida Fm. consists of sandstone bodies intercalated with thick and red siltstone beds. Wh...
Los estudios sobre la Formacion La Manga (Caloviano medio-Oxfordiano medio) en diferentes depocentros en el surmendocino han permitido reconocer la presencia de una discontinuidad interna caracterizada por procesos paleokársticos. Esta superficie aparece en el techo de las facies arrecifales y barreras oolíticas que definen una clara sucesión somer...
The Triassic record in the SE Iberian Ranges starts with three tecto-sedimentary units of continental origin in Buntsandstein facies: Valdemeca Conglomerates Unit, Cañizar Sandstones Fm., and Eslida Mudstones and Sandstones Fm. (López-Gómez et al., 2012). The Eslida Fm. consists of sandstone bodies intercalated with thick and red siltstone beds. Wh...
This paper focuses on the diversity and biostratigraphical significance of the “thuringian” palynological assemblages in the Upper Permian of the Iberian Peninsula (Ramos & Doubinger, 1979, 1989; Virgili et al., 1979).
To date, from the palynological point of view, it has been used the permian classic division of Autunian and Thuringian to refer t...
The continental Permian-Triassic transition in southern Europe presents little paleontological evidence of the Permian mass extinction and the subsequent faunal recovery during the early stages of the Triassic. New stratigraphic, sedimentological and paleontological analyses from Middle-Upper Permian to Lower-Middle Triassic deposits of the Catalan...
In this paper, a method based on element mapping of randomly selected areas of thin sections on electron microprobe is proposed to quantify the relative contents of strontium-rich hydrated aluminium phosphate-sulphate (APS) minerals in siliciclastic continental sedimentary rocks. The main problems for these minerals to be quantified are related to...
Until recently the climate of the Early–Middle Triassic at low latitudes was broadly considered as generally temperate-warm with no major climate oscillations. This work examines the climate of this period through a detailed study of the sedimentary, plant, soil and mineral records of continental rocks (Buntsandstein facies) in eastern Iberian basi...
The Eastern Catalan Pyrenees form the southernmost segment of the Pyrenean Axial Zone. They experienced complex multistage process as the result of both the Variscan and the Pyrenean orogenic cycles. After the Late Palaeozoic, several small extensional sub-basins were filled by continental successions as a response to the changing tectonic setting...
This article reports the first integrated study of the Middle Triassic of Iberia, based on the stratigraphy, sedimentology, and fossil fauna of Muschelkalk facies of the Iberian Ranges and the Catalan Coastal Ranges in Spain. On the basis of this study, new palaeogeographic reconstructions of the westernmost Tethys are proposed, and the evolution o...
Exceptionally preserved stromatolites have been found in the shallow marine carbonate facies of the Callovian-Oxfordian La Manga Formation, in the Neuquén Basin (Argentina). The stromatolites exhibit planar and crinkle lamination, often disrupted by sheet-cracks, mudcracks, and fenestral structures, which indicate periodic subaerial exposure. These...
The end of the Permian period is characterized by the largest mass extinction ever recorded in marine and terrestrial sedimentary rocks. The oldest plant macro-remains after the P–T boundary recorded in the Castilian Branch of the Iberian Range after this mass extinction belong to the Eslida Formation of Anisian age. These associations have been re...
The Callovian-Oxfordian of the Neuquén Basin (Argentina) is characterized by an extensive marine carbonate system (La Manga Formation) with a predominance of shallow and middle ramp deposits, although locally in tectonically controlled settings, deeper deposits also formed. These middle Oxfordian deeper deposits consist of mudstone-wackestone carbo...
Minorca was located in the westernmost Tethys area during the Triassic, in a key paleogeographic location close to the present-day Iberia, Sardinia and the Cottian and Southern Alps. The Middle-early Late Triassic carbonates of Minorca (Muschelkalk) have been studied in five sections across the northern area of the island. These units lie uncorform...
The Vaca Muerta Formation (early Tithonian-early Valanginian) is a rhythmic succession of marls and lime-stones, cropping out in the Neuquén Basin, west-central Argentina. This lithostratigraphic unit was traditionally interpreted as basinal to slope deposits. Detailed facies analysis allows to differentiate seven facies associations, representing...
The Upper Carboniferous–Early Triassic stratigraphic succession of Catalan Pyrenees consists of volcano-sedimentary Units that deposited in intracontinental sub-basins. The genesis of these troughs, starts with a post-collisional, strike-slip tectonic, followed by a Permian extensional setting with fluvial and lacustrine facies accompanied by exten...
The Early Triassic was still marked by the general perturbations related to the drastic palaeoenvironmental changes that occurred around the Permian–Triassic transition. These perturbations affected both marine and continental environments and were caused by events such as massive volcanism from the Siberian Traps and the consequent general geochem...
The Callovian-Oxfordian of the Neuquén Basin (Argentina) is characterized by an extensive marine carbonate system (La Manga Formation) with a predominance of shallow and middle ramp deposits, although locally in tectonically controlled settings, deeper deposits also formed. These middle Oxfordian deeper deposits consist of mudstone-wackestone carbo...
The Early–Middle Triassic siliciclastic deposits of the Catalan Ranges, NE Spain, are dominated by aeolian sediments indicating a predominance of arid climate during this time span, in sharp contrast with the coeval fluvial sediments found in the Castilian Branch of the Iberian Ranges, 300 km to the SW.
The NE–SW-oriented Catalan Basin evolved duri...
The La Manga Formation consists of marine carbonates and represents most of the sedimentary record of the Callovian-Oxfordian in the Neuquén Basin. Three localities in the southern Mendoza province were studied and their cyclicity was determined by means of facies analysis and their vertical arrangement. Facies of inner ramp, that were deposited in...
This work presents results of a compilation of all published palynological data as well as other unpublished data, on the basis of which a unified palynological biozonation is proposed for the Buntsandstein and Muschelkalk facies from the Iberian Ranges (Spain).
The presence of Sr-rich aluminium-phosphate sulphate (APS) minerals in continental sedimentary rocks from the Cañizar and Eslida Formations along the eastern part of the Iberian Range (Spain) is considered as evidence of acidic and oxidising conditions during Early–Middle Triassic times. The formation of APS minerals occurred shortly after sediment...
Aluminum-phosphate-sulfate (APS) minerals, formed during early diagenesis in relation to acid meteoric waters, are the main host of Sr and S in the Early-Middle Triassic continental sandstones of the Iberian Ranges (east of the Iberian Peninsula). The sources of these elements and the effects of paleoenvironmetal changes on these sources and on the...
At the beginning of the Late Triassic, a period of increased precipitation occurred over large tracts of Central Pangea, the “Carnian Pluvial Event”. It was a short-lived event (> 1 Ma), coeval with a marked sea-level fall and active rifting. The Keuper deposits of the Iberian Peninsula contain a siliciclastic interval, the Manuel (K-2) Fm., of flu...
A multiple basic to intermediate sill is reported for the first time in the south-eastern Iberian Ranges. It is composed of several tabular to irregular levels intercalated within the fl uvial sediments of the Alcotas Formation (Middle-Upper Permian). The sill could
represent the youngest Paleozoic subvolcanic intrusion in the Iberian Ranges.
The i...
The Middle and Late Permian are characterized by a pair of mass-extinction events that are recorded in both marine and continental environments. Here, we present the first continental western peri-Tethyan record of an extinction event located in the Middle–Late interval. In the SE Iberian Ranges, Central Spain, the transition between the Lower and...
