José Manuel Guerrero

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• Ph.D in Electrical Engineering
• Postdoctoral Researcher at University of the Basque Country

Fault location in medium-voltage direct current (MVDC) systems is an essential yet underexplored area compared to high-voltage (HVDC) and low-voltage (LVDC) systems. MVDC systems, characterized by intermediate line lengths and fault resistances, as well as rapid fault clearance requirements, demand specialized solutions. This paper proposes a novel...

The utilization of Direct Current (DC) railway systems is increasingly prevalent, as it constitutes the majority of urban tram power supply systems. Despite their high efficiency, the risk of ground faults is ever-present due to environmental issues and aging of the catenaries. These faults can interrupt the service for hours until repaired, requir...

The need of efficient electric transmission systems, the rise of renewable energy production, and the development of battery storage systems have driven the adoption of Modular Multilevel Converters (MMC), which offer better performance than conventional converters. However, the diagnosis of electrical faults in MMC is more challenging because more...

This paper addresses the challenge of developing a cost-effective and efficient soft-starting method for doubly fed induction machines (DFIMs), a critical requirement for various industrial applications, such as pumped-storage hydropower. The research aims to improve a previously developed starting method by introducing a rotor-side synchronization...

Faulty synchronizations of synchronous generators can cause significant detrimental effects, primarily due to a large current and high electromagnetic torque. These effects not only impact the generator but they can also extend to the prime mover and the step-up transformer. Furthermore, such events can trigger disturbances in the power system, pot...

This paper presents an advanced automatic fault classification method for detecting rotating rectifier faults in brushless synchronous machines (BSMs). The proposed approach employs a multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network to classify the operational states of the rotating rectifier, including healthy conditions and common fault types: open-dio...

Due to their exceptional operational versatility, doubly fed induction machines (DFIM) are widely employed in power systems comprising variable renewable energy-based electrical generation sources, such as wind farms and pumped-storage hydropower plants. However, their starting and grid synchronization methods require numerous maneuvers or addition...

The use of Double Fed Induction Machines (DFIM) is widely implemented in wind farms and pumping stations due to their capacity to regulate voltage and frequency. Typically, they are connected to low-power converters to vary the machine's operational point by changing the frequency of the rotor, which is, in fact, one of the most expensive component...

Variable Speed Drives (VSDs) are key pieces in most of the industrial processes and thus, a secure operation must be ensured against possible harmful events such as ground faults. Fault location is a complex task that has been aggravated by the increasing presence of power converters. The switching commutations as long with the high frequency leaka...

The increasing presence of electric drives demands the development of new detection and diagnosis methods of electrical faults. In particular, ground faults are the most common type of faults in electrical systems. Locating these faults is not trivial, as they depend not only on the position, but also on its fault resistance. This paper proposes a...

With the increasing demand of renewable energy and recent research in smart Direct Current (DC) microgrids, electric systems with high presence of power electronics are gaining momentum. One piece of evidence is the emergence of ungrounded low voltage DC (LVDC) microgrids and their energy management, which are crucial for achieving high efficiency...

The use of multi-terminal high voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission systems is being adopted in many new links between different generation and consumption areas due to their high efficiency. In these systems, cable energization must be performed at the rated voltage. Healthy energizations at the rated voltage result in large inrush cur...

This study investigates the implementation of project-based learning (PBL) in electro-mechanical engineering education, emphasizing the modeling and application of an innovation process to enhance student engagement, motivation, and employability. Initially, the innovation process was systematically modeled using Structured Analysis and Design Tech...

There are numerous methods for detecting interturn faults (ITFs) in the field winding of synchronous machines (SMs). One effective approach is based on comparing theoretical and measured excitation currents. This method is unaffected by rotor temperature in static excitation SMs. However, this paper investigates the influence of rotor temperature i...

Non-toroidal-shaped primary pass-through protection current transformers (CTs) are used to measure high currents. Their design provides them with a big airgap that allow the passing of several cables per phase though them, which is the main advantage versus toroidal types, as the number of CTs required to measure the whole phase current is drastica...

Non-toroidal shape primary pass through protection current transformers (CTs) are used to measure high currents. Their design provides them with a big airgap that allow passing several cables per phase though them, which is the main advantage versus toroidal types, as the number of CTs required to measure the whole phase current is drastically redu...

Brushless synchronous machines (BSMs) are replacing conventional synchronous machines with static excitation in generation facilities due to the absence of sparking and lower maintenance. However, this excitation system makes measuring electric parameters in the rotor challenging. It is highly difficult to detect ground faults, which are the most c...

For power grid operators, knowing the transient response of the synchronous generators (SGs) included in their grids is important in order to simulate and monitor faults and other contingencies. However, the time constant of the automatic voltage regulator (AVR) and speed governors of SGs are not fast enough to show their transient dynamics in the...

Brushless Synchronous Machines (BSM) are replacing conventional synchronous machines with static excitation in generation facilities due to the absence of sparking and lower maintenance. However, this excitation system makes challenging measuring electric parameters in the rotor. This fact highly difficult the detection of ground faults, which are...

Brushless excitation systems have many advantages mainly related to the low maintenance. A failure in the rotating diodes leads to an increase in the exciter field current and an unbalance in the currents supplied by the exciter armature. This produces additional losses in the exciter and, in some cases, severe damage in the machine if operated for...

Spanish Patent: Método de arranque de una máquina de inducción de rotor bobinado (1) que comprende: a) con el rotor parado y el interruptor (6) del estator abierto, alimentar el devanado del estator (4) a frecuencia de la red eléctrica (5) mediante una fuente de tensión y frecuencia regulable (3), obteniendo en el devanado del rotor (2) una tensión...

Converters are one of the most sensible components of any power conversion system when it comes to electrical faults. Moreover, if these converters are used in a rotating system, as is the case with rotating rectifiers used in brushless synchronous machines, apart from also being exposed to mechanical effects and thus having a greater likelihood of...

Although Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) is a renowned diagnostic technique in the field of power transformers, it has not gained much traction yet in the domain of rotating electrical machinery. This paper presents a novel diagnostics technique that applies FRA to the detection of ground faults in the wound field poles of synchronous machines. T...

The lack of available measurements makes the detection of electrical faults in the rotating elements of brushless synchronous machines particularly challenging. This paper presents a novel and fast detection method regarding interturn faults at the field winding of the main machine, which is characterized because it is non-intrusive and because its...

Ground faults are the main cause of electrical failure in transmission and distribution systems. In ungrounded distribution networks, it is difficult to detect where a first ground fault has happened as only capacitive currents are available. Also, it is important to trip only the faulty line in order to ensure the systems reliability. Directional...

Inter-turn faults are among the most common failures in electrical machines. While Frequency Response Analysis, (FRA) has been extensively used for power transformers diagnosis for the last 40 years. In this conventional, accurate and non-destructive technique for power transformer diagnosis, it is a usual practice to connect the chassis of the FRA...

Sweep Frequency Response Analysis (SFRA) is an extended and non-invasive technique used for transformer condition assessment. In the last years, its proven sensitivity and ease of testing have generated interest for rotating machine applications. Since SFRA measurements are curves plotted on Bode diagrams, the failures can be detected by comparison...

Utility model in spanish: La presente invención se refiere a un sistema de medición 5 de degradación o contaminación de fluidos utilizados en procesos e instalaciones industriales capaz de determinar el envejecimiento del fluido y calcular la cantidad de los componentes de su degradación que se encuentren disueltos manteniendo el proceso industrial...

Direct current (DC) systems have an increasingly important role in electrical systems, especially photovoltaic (PV) solar power plants and battery storage systems as they are essential for the development of more sustainable, efficient, and reliable electrical systems. PV panels and batteries are generally composed of multiple series-parallel cells...

Spanish Patent: Sistema y método de localización de faltas a tierra en el lado de corriente alterna en instalaciones eléctricas con conversión entre corriente continua y corriente alterna (AC) basados en la medida de la tensión en un subsistema de puesta a tierra (8) instalado en un punto medio/neutro de la instalación eléctrica, en la medida de te...

Método y sistema de supervisión del sistema de excitación indirecta de una máquina síncrona, donde dicho sistema de excitación indirecta comprende una excitatriz (4) y un rectificador (8) formado por un puente de diodos, y donde el sistema de excitación está configurado para excitar con corriente continua el devanado de campo de una máquina síncron...

Spanish Patent: Método y sistema de supervisión del devanado de campo y del sistema de excitación indirecta de una máquina síncrona basado en el análisis del flujo magnético axial del devanado de campo de la máquina síncrona principal. El sistema de la invención es capaz de detectar defectos entre espiras y fallos en los diodos del rectificador del...

Spanish Patent: Sistema y método de localización de excentricidades en máquinas eléctricas rotativas basados en la medida de flujo disperso (13), (14), (15) de la máquina rotativa a monitorizar mediante al menos cuatro sensores (8) de flujo disperso opuestos geométricamente e instalados en el exterior de dicha máquina rotativa, permitiendo detectar...

Power converters are essential for process optimization and electric drives control. However, the presence of both dc and ac currents in the same circuit makes the diagnosis and protection of this type of systems difficult. For this reason, a new ground fault location method for the controlled ac drive side of a dc–ac system is presented in this ar...

Ground fault diagnosis is difficult to carry out in dc–ac systems due to the presence of power electronics. Additionally, it is common that neither relays could protect efficiently these systems as ac devices are not prepared to actuate under dc currents and vice versa. Previous studies were able to detect if the fault was in ac or dc but the fault...

Sistema y método de localización de faltas a tierra en el lado de corriente alterna (6) de una instalación eléctrica con conversión entre corriente continua y corriente alterna (DC/AC) basados en la medida de tensión en un subsistema de puesta a tierra (8) instalado en un punto neutro de una instalación con corriente continua y alterna, en la medid...

The use of multiterminal HVDC networks is increasingly relevant in electrical power systems for transporting high powers over long distance. HVDC networks are not free from ground faults that represent the main cause of failures in electrical power systems. Their quick detection and actuation in an accurate and selective way is essential to avoid p...

Numerous electrical machines use power converters for their efficient operation. However, their insulations experience a fast deterioration due to high frequency electrical stresses. This loss of insulation can lead into ground faults, which are the most common electrical faults. Convectional protection relays are not specifically designed to prote...

Solar photovoltaic energy and electrochemical energy storage are key elements for the development of more sustainable and efficient electrical energy systems such as electric vehicles or microgrids. These systems require of multiple series-parallel cell connections that complicate enormously the location of possible ground faults. In this context,...

Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) is an extended technique for transformer condition assessment. In recent times, its proven sensitivity for detecting different type of faults have generated interest for rotating machine applications. However, at present the interpretation of FRA results is mostly made by visual inspection of curves and is a hard t...

Spanish Patent: Sistema y método de localización de rama con falta a tierra en sistemas eléctricos de corriente continua con varias ramas en paralelo, mediante la medida de la corriente de cada rama paralelo del sistema de corriente continua, y mediante el cálculo de la variación relativa de corriente de cada rama al conmutar un elemento de puesta...

Synchronous generators are key pieces in any power system. Therefore, it is essential to have effective protection and diagnosis techniques for these machines. Ground faults are the most common issue in rotor windings and several damages can be originated if a second fault occurs, consequently, the detection of the first one is crucial. After detec...

Spanish Patent: Sistema y método de localización de faltas a tierra en instalaciones eléctricas de corriente continua (1) basados en la medida de tensión o en la medida de corriente, en una impedancia de puesta a tierra (7). Esta impedancia de puesta a tierra (7) se conecta de forma secuencial en el terminal positivo (10), negativo (11) y punto med...

Spanish Patent: Sistema y método de localización de faltas a tierra en devanados de excitación de máquinas síncronas con excitación indirecta basado en la puesta a tierra del neutro del devanado de inducido de la máquina excitatriz mediante una impedancia de alto valor óhmico. El sistema y método determinan la posición del defecto mediante el análi...

Spanish Patent: Sistema y método de localización de faltas a tierra en devanados de máquinas eléctricas. Método y sistema de localización de faltas a tierra (4) en devanados (3) de máquinas eléctricas basados en el análisis de respuesta en frecuencia del circuito de la máquina, alimentando en bornes del devanado (3) a analizar, en un dispositivo (1...

The probability of faulty synchronization of a generator is very small, but not impossible. The main cause of a faulty synchronization is due to wiring errors caused during maintenance or commissioning when voltage transformer and synchronizing equipment are connected or reconnected wrongly. Faulty synchronizations of synchronous generators cause o...

The use of variable speed drives made essential the presence of power electronic in electrical systems. The AC to DC and DC to AC conversions thanks to rectifiers and inverters cause difficulties in the ground fault detection. In this paper, a new method to detect ground faults in variable speed drives is presented. It is based on the analysis of t...

Condition monitoring of large power transformers is of paramount importance in power systems. One of the most common indicators of transformer aging is moisture content in oil. In this paper, a capacitive sensor able to online measuring moisture content is presented. The output of this sensor is recorded using a Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) de...

Spanish Patent: Método y sistema de detección de faltas a tierra en instalaciones eléctricas con conversión entre corriente continua y corriente alterna, basados en la medida de tensión o en la medida de corriente, de un dispositivo de puesta a tierra conectable entre un punto neutro del transformador de alimentación y tierra o entre un neutro arti...

High speed trains supply is, nowadays, performed by 2 x 25 kV power systems. If a ground fault occurs, its location and correction are crucial to minimize downtime. One of the methods for locating ground faults in power systems is the impedance method. This was a good solution for 1 x 25 kV railways power systems, as the ratio between reactance and...

Spanish Patent: Sistema y método de localización de faltas a tierra en arrollamientos eléctricos. Método y sistema de localización de faltas a tierra en arrollamientos eléctricos basados en el análisis de respuesta en frecuencia del arrollamiento eléctrico alimentando en sentido directo e inverso y posterior tratamiento de las frecuencias de resona...

Electrical industry uses oils for cooling and insulation of several machines, such as power transformers. In addition, it uses water for cooling some synchronous generators. To avoid malfunctions in these assets, fluid quality should be preserved. To contribute to this aim, a sensor that detects changes in fluid composition is presented. The design...

The growing adoption of electric vehicles has recently attracted increasing attention of scientists and brought about pioneering research studies from various fields. Safety concerns particularly those regarding ground faults detection and protection, have extensively been addressed. Ground faults occur quite frequently in electric vehicles and the...

Spanish Patent: Invención de un método y sistema de localización de faltas a tierra en corriente alterna en sistemas eléctricos en corriente continua con inversores basados en el cálculo estadístico sobre la medida de tensión en un dispositivo instalado entre un punto neutro del sistema y tierra que permite calcular la fase que tiene la falta, así...

The analysis of the stray flux for electrical machine condition monitoring is a very modern and active research topic. Thanks to this technique, it is possible to detect several types of failures, including stator and rotor inter-turn faults, broken rotor bars and mechanical faults, among others. The main advantages are that it involves a non-invas...

Spanish Patent: Invención de un método y sistema de localización de faltas a tierra en corriente alterna en sistemas eléctricos en corriente continua con inversores basados en el cálculo estadístico sobre la medida de tensión en un dispositivo instalado entre un punto neutro del sistema y tierra que permite calcular la fase que tiene la falta, así...