Jose Ramon Garcia

• Professor (Associate) at University of Valencia

Purpose This paper aims to analyse the stabilizing macroeconomic effects of economic policies during the COVID-19 crisis in Spain. Design/methodology/approach The contribution of the structural shocks that explain the behaviour of the main macroeconomic aggregates during 2020 are estimated, and the effects of economic policies are simulated using...

In a standard Diamond-Mortensen-Pissarides labour market with frictions, the authors seek to determine when there is more employment with individual wage bargaining than with collective wage bargaining, using a wage equation generated by the standard total surplus sharing rule. Using a Cobb-Douglas production function, they find that if the bargain...

In this article, we construct a homogeneous series of vacancies for the Spanish economy from 1980 to 2016, which enables us to perform an analysis of the effects of the economic cycle on the relationship between unemployment and vacancies. The methodology proposes a link between the old series of vacancies from the former INEM (National Employment...

Using the Mortensen and Pissarides model of a labor market with frictions, this paper proposes a new method, simpler than the one presented in Michaillat (), for decomposing unemployment into frictional and non-frictional (rationing) unemployment for a derived rigid wage-setting rule. We use it to compute the frictional and non frictional unemploym...

This paper investigates socially optimal patterns of economic growth and environmental quality in a neoclassical growth model with endogenous technological progress. In the model, environmental quality has a positive effect not only on utility but also on production. Moreover, cleaner technologies can be used in the economy if a part of the output...

El presente trabajo analiza los efectos que tiene la estructura impositiva en el mercado de trabajo sobre el nivel de desempleo durante el periodo 1965-2004 en los países de la OCDE. El marco de análisis teórico tiene en cuenta la existencia de un mercado de bienes no competitivo e ineficiencias en la provisión de bienes por parte del gobierno. Asi...

This paper considers the financing of productive public goods and social benefits through different types of taxes in a model with unemployment. We incorporate unemployment, caused by the wage-setting behaviour of a monopolistic union, in a neoclassical growth model which integrates a quite detailed structure of taxes used to finance productive pub...

The aim of this paper is to analyse whether the impact of European shocks in the Spanish economy has increased after the entry of Spain into the European Community. Using VAR models, we try to disentangle if the changes observed are due to a change in the size of the shocks or in the propagation effects. The results shows that after 1986, despite t...

The aim of this paper is to analyse whether the impact of European shocks in the Spanish economy has increased after the entry of Spain into the European Community. Using VAR models, we try to disentangle if the changes observed are due to a change in the size of the shocks or in the propagation effects. The results shows that after 1986, despite t...

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar si ha aumentado la influencia de los shocks europeos en la economía española tras el proceso de integración en Europa, distinguiendo si los cambios observados se deben a un cambio en la magnitud relativa de los shocks (mundiales, europeos e internos) y/o a cambios en el grado de respuesta. Los resultados mues...

In this paper we evaluate the incidence of the tax structure on the labor market. To do so we go beyond the traditional examination of the “level” effect of the fiscal wedge and consider a “composition” effect defined as a payroll tax bias (PTB): the proportion of payroll taxes paid by employees with respect to the one paid by firms. We develop a r...

In this work we elaborate a data base that includes 21 OECD countries along the 1965-2001 period. It includes average effective tax rates on consumption, capital and labour, which are adequate to analyse macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy. Additionally, we make a description of the most important features of fiscal structures in OECD countries...

En este trabajo se elabora una base de datos para veintiún países de la OCDE en el período muestral 1965-2001. Se incluyen tipos impositivos medios efectivos sobre el consumo, el capital y el trabajo adecuados para analizar los efectos macroeconómicos de la política fiscal. Adicionalmente, se lleva a cabo una descripción de los principales rasgos d...

En el presente trabajo se ha procedido al análisis de los efectos sobre el empleo y la producción agregada de la armonización, con el resto de Europa, del tipo medio de cotización a la seguridad social pagado en el conjunto de países más alejados de la media de la OCDE. A tal efecto se han simulado dos modelos de negociación considerando que las ho...

In this paper we examine Australian data on national and regional employment numbers, focusing in particular on whether there have been common national and regional changes in the volatility of employment. A subsidiary objective is to assess whether the results derived from traditional growth rate models are sustained when alternative filtering met...

En el presente trabajo se ha procedido al an�lisis de los efectos sobre el empleo yla producci�n agregada de la armonizaci�n, con el resto de Europa, del tipo medio decotizaci�n a la seguridad social pagado en el conjunto de pa�ses m�s alejados de lamedia de la OCDE. A tal efecto se han simulado dos modelos de negociaci�nconsiderando que las horas...

In this paper we introduce a progressive income tax in the shirking model with union bargaining presented by in Altenburg and Straub (2002). Indeed, we differentiate taxation on employees and employers for the fiscal policy analysis. The main results show that it is possible, with a constant revenue reform, to enhance employment by shifting the tax...

This paper analyses the relationship between tax structure and unemployment in thelabour market of OECD countries for the period 1960-1996. In this work, the sample ofcountries is divided in three groups based on institutional aspects that determine thewage bargaining in the labour market. In addition, the labour tax burden was separatedbetween pay...

This paper analyses the optimal choice of fiscal policy in a model where public spending enters the production and utility functions and can be financed using flat rate taxes on consumption and on capital and labor incomes. Within this framework we generalize some previous results in the literature. Our results show that the optimal tax structure i...

We analyse how that tax structure has affected economic growth in OCDE countries from 1960 to 1995. The effects of the tax structure upon economic growth and per capita income are first illustrated by means of the simulation of endogenous and exogenous growth models. In general, the empirical evidence confirms the theorical results: the financing o...

Este trabajo analiza cómo ha afectado la estructura impositiva al crecimiento de los países de la OCDE en el periodo 1960-1995. Para ello, se presentan los resultados de simulaciones que ilustran los efectos de la estructura impositiva sobre el crecimiento y el nivel de la renta per capita utilizando modelos que, según los supuestos sobre el tipo d...