José Francisco López-Gil

Universidad de Las Américas | UDLA · One Health Research Group

Background The capacity to anticipate future health issues is important for both policy makers and practitioners in the USA, as such insights can facilitate effective planning, investment, and implementation strategies. Forecasting trends in disease and injury burden is not only crucial for policy makers but also garners substantial interest from...

Objective To evaluate the relationship between adherence to muscle-strengthening guidelines in young adulthood and inflammation markers over a 17-year follow-up period. Additionally, it aims to examine whether body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) act as mediators in this relationship. Methods The study analysed data from young adults...

The aim of this study was to estimate the temporal trends in adherence rates to the physical activity (PA) guidelines for aerobic and muscle-strengthening activities (MSA) among United States (US) adults with obesity. We retrieved data from 22 consecutive rounds of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) conducted between 1997 and 2018. Meeting...

Background Over the past several decades, the overweight and obesity epidemic in the USA has resulted in a significant health and economic burden. Understanding current trends and future trajectories at both national and state levels is crucial for assessing the success of existing interventions and informing future health policy changes. We esti...

Background and Objectives: Soccer is a sport characterized by various unpredictable situations in which physical abilities are associated with athletic performance. There are several capa- bilities that young soccer players must develop to adapt to the needs of the competition. This study analyzes the physical characteristics, tactical knowledge, e...

BACKGROUND: In type 1 diabetes, telomere length (TL) may predict complications and could be influenced by glycaemic control and physical activity, but its relationship with physical fitness in youths remains unexplored. The aim of the study was to assess the association between physical fitness and TL in youth with type 1 diabetes, both at baseline an...

Methods appendix to: GBD 2021 US Obesity Forecasting Collaborators. National-level and state-level prevalence of overweight and obesity among children, adolescents, and adults in the USA, 1990–2021, and forecasts up to 2050. Lancet 2024; published online Nov 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01548-4. This appendix formed part of the origin...

Supplementary appendix 2. Results appendix to: GBD 2021 US Obesity Forecasting Collaborators. National-level and state-level prevalence of overweight and obesity among children, adolescents, and adults in the USA, 1990–2021, and forecasts up to 2050. Lancet 2024; published online Nov 14. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01548-4 This appendix...

This commentary critically examines the article by Rodríguez-Cortés et al. on the links between circadian preferences, eating disorders, and obesity in pediatric populations, emphasizing the association between evening chronotypes and disordered eating behaviors. Key findings highlight the increased prevalence of food addiction (FA) and night eatin...

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between different screen time (ST)-related behaviors and mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and stress. In addition, this study aimed to determine the moderating role of socioeconomic status (SES). This was a cross-sectional study and included data from 620 adolescents, aged 1...

Objective This study aimed to assess associations between chronotype and obesity‐related indicators in a sample of Spanish adolescents. Methods This cross‐sectional study used data from The Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) Study, which included a representative sample of adolescents from Spain. A total of 820 adolescents (54.7% gir...

Insufficient and unequal access to food (i.e. food insecurity [FI]) has a negative impact on health, especially in vulnerable groups such as adolescents. This study investigates the prevalence of FI and its sociodemographic correlates among adolescents in the Valle de Ricote , Murcia, Spain. Using data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activit...

To our knowledge, no systematic review with meta-analysis has separately synthesized the effects of Mediterranean diet-based interventions in children and adolescents in relation to the effects on anthropometric measures. A better understanding of the effects of Mediterranean diet-based interventions on anthropometric variables could facilitate the...

Supplement to: GBD 2021 Tobacco Forecasting Collaborators. Forecasting the effects of smoking prevalence scenarios on years of life lost and life expectancy from 2022 to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Lancet Public Health 2024; 9: e729–44. Appendix 3: Authorship appendix to “Forecasting the effects of smokin...

Background : Smoking is the leading behavioural risk factor for mortality globally, accounting for more than 175 million deaths and nearly 4·30 billion years of life lost (YLLs) from 1990 to 2021. The pace of decline in smoking prevalence has slowed in recent years for many countries, and although strategies have recently been proposed to achieve t...

Background The actions required to achieve higher-quality and harmonised global surveillance of child and adolescent movement behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour including screen time, sleep) are unclear. Objective To identify how to improve surveillance of movement behaviours, from the perspective of experts. Methods This Delphi S...

Up-to-date estimates of stroke burden and attributable risks and their trends at global, regional, and national levels are essential for evidence-based health care, prevention, and resource allocation planning. We aimed to provide such estimates for the period 1990–2021. We estimated incidence, prevalence, death, and disability-adjusted life-year (...

Purpose In the digital age, engaging users in health-promoting activities through online platforms has become increasingly important. These platforms facilitate the easy sharing of accessible information, thereby mitigating the information gap regarding physical and sports activities for the young population. This project aimed to engage users in s...

Background: Up-to-date estimates of stroke burden and attributable risks and their trends at global, regional, and national levels are essential for evidence-based health care, prevention, and resource allocation planning. We aimed to provide such estimates for the period 1990–2021. Methods: We estimated incidence, prevalence, death, and disabilit...

Objective The aim of this study was twofold: first, to examine the association between perceived barriers to physical activity (PA) practice and depression, anxiety and stress in a sample of Spanish adolescents; and second, to determine which barriers are specifically associated with depression, anxiety and stress. Methods This cross-sectional stu...

Objetivo: Desarrollar y validar un instrumento para evaluar las barreras percibidas por los adolescentes brasileños para desplazarse activamente a la escuela. Métodos: Los participantes de este estudio fueron adolescentes brasileños (15-17 años) de escuelas públicas de la ciudad de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil. Se seleccionó una submuestra (n=44) para...

Background Understanding the relationship of social network use and addictive behaviors with adolescent psychosocial health is crucial in today’s digital age. Aim To verify the associations between social network use, messaging applications, and the addictive behaviors to social network with psychosocial health in Spanish adolescents. Methods A c...

Background Adiposity can be measured using BMI (which is based on weight and height) as well as indices of abdominal adiposity. We examined the association between BMI and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) within and across populations of different world regions and quantified how well these two metrics discriminate between people with and without hyper...

Prevalence studies about family meals, including large and representative samples of children and adolescents on this topic, are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was twofold: first, to determine the prevalence of daily family meals in large and representative samples of school‐going children and adolescents from 43 countries, and second, to...

This chapter explores the intricate relationships between physical activity (PA), screen time, and sleep duration, highlighting how these factors influence one another. This finding underscores the significance of adopting a holistic health strategy that acknowledges the relationship between these behaviors and their collective impact on one’s gene...

Background: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES), poverty rate, and the prevalence of overweight/obesity or obesity in children and adolescents aged 2–14. Methods: Parents or guardians reported the weight and height of participants, used to calculate body mass index (BMI) and BMI z-scores according to the...

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the association between meal duration and obesity indicators among Spanish adolescents. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) project involving 755 adolescents aged 12 to 17 years (54.8% girls) from three secondary schools in the Vall...

Background: Evidence assessing the relationship between chronotype and disordered eating in adolescents is scarce. The current study tried to evaluate the association between chronotype and disordered eating in a sample of Spanish adolescents. Methods: This secondary cross-sectional study analyzed data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activit...

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between social jetlag (SJL) and obesity-related outcomes among adolescents from Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia, Spain). We explored the relationship between SJL and body mass index (BMI) z-score, waist circumference, and body fat percentage, as well as the odds of having excess weight, obe...

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of HIIT and SIT programmes on body composition, blood pressure, lipid profile, glucose, cardiorespiratory fitness, and strength of adolescents and to compare the effect between those different protocols. Methods Sixty adolescents were recruited from a high school and were randomly placed i...

Purpose: The aim of the current study was to examine the association between dietary patterns and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Spanish children and adolescents. Methods: A modified version of the parental version of 10 items of the Screening for and Promotion of Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents—a European P...

Background The promotion of daily breakfast consumption and the importance of making appropriate breakfast choices have been underscored as significant public health messages. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between breakfast frequency and life satisfaction in large and representative samples of school-going children and adole...

Introduction Overalll, muscular fitness and academic performance are two variables widely studied in the literature. However, evidence on the relationship between muscular fitness and specific school subjects (e.g., physical education), as well as their differences by sex, is scarce. Objective The aim of this study was to examine the associations...

Background/objective This study aimed to explore physical literacy (PL) using the Canadian Assessment of Physical Literacy, second edition (CAPL-2), adapt it to the Spanish context and provide evidence of its validity for use in Spanish children aged 8–12. Methods A total of 280 students (150 girls, mean age 10.5±0.9 years) from Extremadura (Spain...

The available evidence on the impact of specific non-pharmacological interventions on glycaemic control is currently limited. Consequently, there is a need to determine which interventions could provide the most significant benefits for the metabolic health of young individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The aim of this study was to identify op...

Importance No prior systematic review and meta-analysis has specifically verified the association of Mediterranean diet (MedDiet)–based interventions with biomarkers of cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents. Objective To review and analyze the randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that assessed the effects of MedDiet-based interventions o...

Background Given the increasing prevalence of obesity in young people in Ecuador, there is a need to understand the factors associated with this condition. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of obesity in Ecuadorian children and adolescents aged 5–17 years and identify its associated sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Methods...

Purpose: The current research aimed to investigate the connection between food insecurity and sleep issues among Spanish adolescents aged from 12 to 17 years from the Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia, Spain). Methods: Data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities Study, which included a sample of 836 adolescents (55.3% girls), were analyz...

Introduction: Currently, we know little about the impact of determinants of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in children and adolescents with disabilities. This systematic review aims to summarise the existing evidence concerning the determinants of PA and SB in this population. Method: The systematic review was based on the DE-P...

Objective This study tried to examine the association between the frequency of family meals and excess weight using large and representative samples of children and adolescents from 43 countries. Methods This cross‐sectional study used data from the Health Behaviour in School‐aged Children (HBSC), which included nationally representative samples o...

Background Understanding the impact of social network use and addictive behaviors on adolescent psychosocial health is crucial in today's digital age. Aim To verify the associations between social network use, WhatsApp, and the addictive behaviors to social network with psychosocial health in Spanish adolescents. Methods a cross-sectional study w...

Background The consumption of ultra‐processed foods (UPFs) is associated with an increased risk of noncommunicable diseases and mortality in adults. The aim of this study was to analyse the association between mealtime television (TV) watching and UPF consumption in childhood. Materials and Methods Participants in the SENDO project recruited in 20...

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the associations of eating habits with self-rated health and life satisfaction in adolescents using a multiple-country sample. Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) 2013/2014 wave was used in this study. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect...

Summary Background Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded and improved upon previous forecasts produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injur...

Summary Background Future trends in disease burden and drivers of health are of great interest to policy makers and the public at large. This information can be used for policy and long-term health investment, planning, and prioritisation. We have expanded and improved upon previous forecasts produced as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injur...

In response to the mass adoption and extensive usage of Internet‐enabled devices across the world, a major review published in this journal in 2019 examined the impact of Internet on human cognition, discussing the concepts and ideas behind the “online brain”. Since then, the online world has become further entwined with the fabric of society, and...

Background: Physical activity (PA) is a modifiable protective factor against hypertension, but the optimum intensity of PA for prevention of hypertension remains unknown. It has been suggested that total energy expenditure is the crucial factor while intensity is non-differential provided it is moderate or above. Yet it is possible that higher inte...

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to analyze temporal trends of food consumption patterns, attitudes, and health-related knowledge in Tuvalu, a small Pacific Island country facing the triple threat of obesity, climate change, and food insecurity. Methods Two waves of the COMmunity-based Behavior and Attitude (COMBAT) survey were conducted in...

Background: the aim of this study was to assess the associations of family meals and social eating behavior with self-esteem levels among Spanish adolescents. Methods: This was a secondary cross-sectional study including 706 participants (aged 12 to 17 years; 56.1% girls) from the Eating Habits and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study. The evaluatio...

Purpose The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between perceived physical literacy and obesity-related outcomes among adolescents from Spain. Methods This is a secondary cross-sectional analysis including a total sample of 845 Spanish adolescents (55.3% girls) aged 12–17 years from the Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia) from...

ntroduction Food insecurity is a growing global issue that affects both developed and developing nations, and mounting evidence suggests that decreased consumption of healthy foods has been linked to lower academic performance in adolescents. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between food insecurity and academic performance in a s...

Introduction Admission to university has been identified as a period involving the adoption of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors. However, few studies have addressed the extent of this experience among Latin American university students. The aim of this study was twofold: first, to describe anthropometric variables, body composition, physical activity,...

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship of ultra-processed food (UPF) intake with the incidence of glaucoma in a large sample of Spanish university graduates followed prospectively. Methods: Prospective cohort study using data from the SUN Project. A final sample of 19,225 participants (60.1% women) was included in this stu...

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the association of family meals and social eating behavior with disordered eating behavior in Spanish adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that included 706 adolescents (43.9% boys) from the Eating Habits and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) study (aged 12 to 17) from Valle de Ricote, Reg...

Objective This study evaluated the relationship between physical literacy (PL) and muscular fitness (MF) as well as muscle-strengthening activities (MSA) in adolescents. Methods A secondary cross-sectional study included 823 adolescents (45.1% boys) from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities Study. The Spanish Perceived Physical Literacy In...

This study aimed to explore the association between meeting 24‐h movement guidelines and academic performance among Chinese children and adolescents. Cross‐sectional data on 67,281 Chinese children and adolescents were used for the analyses. Adherence to 24‐h movement guidelines and academic performance (i.e., grades in Chinese, Math, and English),...

The aim of this study was twofold: (1) to assess the association between meeting all three 24-h movement recommendations and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) in early childhood and (2) to examine whether participants who meet all three 24-h movement recommendations have greater adherence to the individual MedDiet foods/components than...