Jose Jesus Castro-Schez

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• Full Professor
• Professor (Full) at University of Castilla-La Mancha

In the last decade, Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool for upper limb rehabilitation, effectively complementing conventional therapies. However, one of the main challenges lies in designing virtual environments that adapt to the specific needs of each patient, considering their unique motor limitations. An inadequately adapted env...

The technological revolution driven by advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) is radically transforming various sectors, with healthcare among the most positively impacted. This article is situated within the context of such transformation, highlighting the contribution of AI in supporting professionals dedicated to the physical rehabilitatio...

Over the past decade, Virtual Reality (VR) has achieved significant advancements in both quality and accessibility of its devices, particularly with VR headsets that offer an enhanced immersive experience at a reduced cost. This improvement is not only in graphical fidelity but also in interactivity within virtual environments, highlighted by advan...

In this paper, Virtual Reality Shopping Insights (VRSI) is presented, a framework that aids the development of Virtual Reality (VR) shopping applications as well as collecting data and analysing it. VRSI aims to help software developers and researchers by abstracting the layers needed to setup VR technology on applications developed with Unity. Mor...

E-commerce has become uniquely relevant to small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) as an essential catalyst for their growth and sustainability. SMEs see e-commerce portals as a strategic way to engage in digital business activities without having to implement costly proprietary e-commerce solutions. In addition, partnering with these portals fr...

Virtual Reality (VR) is and will be a key driver in the evolution of e-commerce, providing an immersive and gamified shopping experience. However, for VR shopping spaces to become a reality, retailers’ product catalogues must first be digitised into 3D models. While this may be a simple task for retail giants, it can be a major obstacle for small r...

Con fines predictivos y de diagnóstico, se presenta un estudio en el que se analiza la adquisición de las competencias docentes, la integración de las tecnologías en el aprendizaje, relacionado con la personalidad, de los estudiantes del Máster de Secundaria de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Metodología: han participado 241 estudiantes (105...

In this article, we present a framework, called Rehab-Immersive (RI), for the development of virtual reality clinical applications as a complement to the rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injuries. RI addresses the interaction of patients with virtual worlds, considering upper limb motor impairments. A preconfiguration allows customizatio...

In recent years, new technologies have contributed to an improvement in the upper limb rehabilitation process as a complement to the conventional therapy received by patients. In this context, technologies should facilitate accurate monitoring of the hands and serve to collect data on patient performance during functional tasks in order to objectiv...

Graphic design is the process of creating graphics to meet specific commercial needs based on knowledge of layout principles and esthetic concepts. This is usually an iterative trial and error process which requires a lot of time even for expert designers. This expert knowledge can be modelled, represented and used by a computer to perform design a...

Stroke is among the top 10 leading causes of death and disability around the world. Patients who suffer from this disease usually perform physical exercises at home to improve their condition. These exercises are recommended by therapists based on the patient’s progress level, and may be remotely supervised by them if technology is an option for bo...

Intelligent surveillance has been a hot area of research for the past two decades. However, the integral security of environments remains a challenge due to the presence of new types of threats and the very dynamism and complexity of these environments. To make further progress, new proposals are needed to facilitate the design and deployment of mu...

Stroke represents a global concern that currently affects a significant part of the world’s population. Physical rehabilitation plays a fundamental role for stroke patients to recover mobility and improve quality of life. This process is costly, considering that patients must attend face-to-face rehabilitation sessions in hospitals or rehabilitatio...

Coding skills are becoming more and more important in today’s world, especially within the context of the fourth industrial revolution. They also help practice other 21 century skills such as computational thinking, problem solving and teamwork. Unfortunately, learning how to program is tough and can be also frustrating for beginner students. In th...

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the top priority was to hinder the spread of the virus and prevent the collapse of the health systems. To achieve this, it was mandatory to ensure adequate supplies of personal protective equipment (PPE), which may not have been available in the short-term during the first months of the crisis. While leadin...

Physical rehabilitation of stroke patients is based on the daily execution of exercises with face-to-face supervision by therapists. This model cannot be sustained in the long term, due to the involved economic costs, the growing number of patients, and the aging population. Remote rehabilitation tools have emerged to address this unmet clinical ne...

The way in which people learn and institutions teach is changing due to the ever-increasing impact of technology. People access the Internet anywhere, anytime and request online training. This has brought about the creation of numerous online learning platforms which offer comprehensive and effective educational solutions which are 100% online. The...

The consequences of natural or man-made catastrophes can be devastating. To minimize its impact, it is crucial to carry out a rapid analysis of the affected environment in the moments after they occur, especially from the perspective of alert notification or crisis management. In this context, the use of UAVs, understood as the technological basis...

Physical rehabilitation of patients affected by neurological diseases is currently an unmet clinical need due to the high cost of health systems and the impact that rehabilitation has on patients and their families. This paper introduces an approach based on the idea of precision rehabilitation, where personalization of the physical rehabilitation...

Neurological disorders such as strokes, dementia, or ABI, among others, represent a major burden on European and worldwide healthcare systems, and can be understood as an unmet clinical need, recognised as a global challenge. This work discusses how agent technology can contribute to increase the autonomy of patients affected by neurological diseas...

Despite the continuous measures taken in large cities to improve road safety, pedestrian run-overs are still some of the main problems. In this paper an expert system is presented, whose aim is to reduce the number of run overs on pedestrian crossings with a luminous reinforcement system. An expert fuzzy system analyses the speed approaching vehicl...

The Internet expansion is not only impacting on our social behavior, but also on the way we learn and teach. Thus, more and more online teaching approaches are becoming common and usual. This work focuses on the field of Formal Languages and Automata Theory, describing the process of building an online teaching tool able to help students learn by t...

There can be little doubt that technology has made a contribution towards improving the preparation that professionals who have dedicated their lives to professional sports receive, both from a technical and a performance point of view. This improvement has taken place mainly on an individual level by means of tools that enable, for example, the pe...

The main goal of intelligent surveillance consists in providing security systems with the skills required for correctly detecting and analyzing events in monitored environments. Since these environments are complex and the information is distributed through them, the use of agent-based approaches has become more and more popular when monitoring mov...

This paper is focused on those systems that allow students to build their own knowledge by providing them with feedback regarding their actions while performing a problem based learning activity or while making changes to problem statements, so that a higher order thinking skill can be achieved. This feedback is the consequence of an automatic asse...

Intelligent surveillance systems should be able to carry out an exhaustive analysis from multi-sensor information according to multiple events of interest in order to classify situations as normal or abnormal. That is why the design of appropriate fusion methods is essential to combine the information from a number of monitored aspects and achieve...

In this paper, an approach to decision making is described. It combines a knowledge acquisition technique, a multi-attribute decision making technique, a validation technique and a machine learning algorithm. The suggested system is an extension of a previous decision support system based on the fuzzy repertory table technique. The aim is to increa...

In this paper, we propose a scalable multi-agent architecture to give support to smart grids, paying special attention to the intelligent monitoring of distribution substations. The data gathered by multiple sensors are used by software agents that are responsible for monitoring different aspects or events of interest, such as normal voltage values...

Systems that facilitate automation in the evaluation of learning tasks are usually domain dependent. Furthermore, they usually do not allow users to specify new tasks which are described by the users themselves. Therefore, the development of activities in which work is done in the higher levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy is limited. In this article, we in...

La materia de Procesadores de Lenguajes tradicionalmente ha estado presente como materia obligatoria u optativa en la mayoría de titulaciones relacionadas con la Informática. Esta materia trata sobre el desarrollo y la comprensión de los compiladores e intérpretes. En este trabajo se presenta el enfoque que se ha dado a dicha materia en el contexto...

In this work we discuss the advances in the development of an existing agent platform [20] taking in mind the domain of intelligent surveillance. We have paid special attention to key aspects such as scalability, robustness and flexibility. Furthermore, we have focused our effort to i) implement a scalable replication service for the main component...

Advanced Surveillance Systems are able to automatically understand events and behaviors. These systems carry out an exhaustive analysis from multi-sensor information, according to multiple aspects or events of interest in order to classify situations as normal or abnormal. Thus, developing appropriate methods in order to combine the information fro...

Intelligent surveillance refers to using Artificial Intelligence techniques in order to improve surveillance and deal with semantic information obtained from low-level security devices. In this context, the use of expert knowledge may offer a more realistic solution when dealing with the design of a surveillance system. In this work, a conceptual f...

Photo realistic Image Synthesis requires high computational power to generate virtual images from 3D models. In fact, the rendering of a single high-quality image may take days even on powerful computers. In this paper, we present a novel approach based on grid philosophy and the P2P model for distributed rendering. The grid allows us to face this...

Past years have witnessed a growing interest in e-commerce as a strategy for improving business. Several paradigms have arisen from the e-commerce field in recent years which try to support different business activities, such as B2C and C2C. This paper introduces a prototype of e-commerce portal, called e-Zoco, of which main features are: (i) a cat...

Intelligent surveillance involves the use of AI techniques to monitor environments whose analysis is becoming more and more complex because of the large number of sensors used and the need of monitoring multiple events of interest simultaneously. Most of the current surveillance systems provide solutions for particular problems but still suffer fro...

Since their first developments, traditional video surveillance systems have been designed to monitor environments. However, these systems have several limitations to automatically understand events and behaviours without human collaboration. In order to overcome this problem, intelligent surveillance systems arise as a possible solution. This kind...

Emotions play a key role in any purchasing process even more when it is done through web portals. In this paper, we present a fuzzy-logic based system aimed to generate emotions for a virtual seller or avatar. The 3D avatar is integrated within the e-Zoco e-commerce portal and its behaviour depends on the product search results. Moreover, the mood...

In this paper, the authors propose a method to develop intelligent surveillance systems based on surveillance components managed by software agents to deal with specific events of interest in complex environments.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce a multi‐agent architecture, which offers services to be applied in B2C e‐Marketplaces and to present the core system: the search agent. Design/methodology/approach The different parts that compose an e‐commerce portal are naturally performed through intelligent agents, which have the ability to com...

Rendering is the process of generating a 2D image from the abstract description of a 3D scene. In spite of the development of new techniques and algorithms, the computational requirements of photorealistic rendering are huge so that it is not possible to render them in real time. In addition, the adequate configuration of rendering quality paramete...

A new algorithm to classify moving objects in monitored environments is presented. The approach is based on a supervised machine learning algorithm and uses as input data the results obtained in a previously developed segmentation algorithm. The algorithm has a training stage which uses clustering algorithms and a learning stage to learn the featur...

Due to the growing of the Internet and the users' trend to acquire products via Internet, the e-commerce has become in a new very important business opportunity. In this paper we present a multi-agent and multi-layer architecture to support general purpose e-marketplaces. The presented system is compound of software agents that can be able to act i...

This paper presents a machine learning-based method to build knowledge bases used to carry out surveillance tasks in environments monitored with video cameras. The method generates three sets of rules for each camera that allow to detect objects’ anomalous behaviours depending on three parameters: object class, object position, and object speed. To...

Intelligent surveillance refers to using Artificial Intelligence techniques in order to improve surveillance and deal with semantic information obtained from low-level security devices. In this context, the use of expert knowledge may offer a more realistic solution when dealing with the design of a surveillance system. In this work, a conceptual f...

Users of B2C (Business-to-Consumer) portals often lack of detailed knowledge about the state of the market related to the product they want to purchase. This leads to consumers purchasing the most popular product of a category, although perhaps that is neither the best suited for their requirements nor at the best cost. In this paper, a methodology...

E-commerce is a business phylosophy that uses telematic platforms of Internet as a virtual place to do business, to deal with and to negotiate goods and services. E-commerce implies to carry out negotiations between buyers and sellers, and make a decision. In this paper, it is suggested a buyer agent for automatic negotiations in com-petitive frame...

E-commerce became very popular in recent years because of the great success achieved by some applications such as online auctions. However, currently the trend is that users of these portals execute more transactions in direct shopping than in online auctions and, probably because of the beginning of many of such portals as auctioning sites, their...

In this paper we present a system that, directly from compressed video domain, establishes a correspondence between objects in motion in a video scene and a concrete behaviour. This behaviour is expressed by using linguistic variables. Besides, with this fuzzy logic-based approach, the imprecision and vagueness of our primary source of information,...

Educational software tools are considered to enrich teaching strategies, providing a more compelling means of exploration and feedback than traditional blackboard methods. Moreover, software simulators provide a more motivating link between theory and practice than pencil-paper methods, encouraging active and discovery learning in the students. The...

Recently, there is a growing interest in the development and deployment of intelligent surveillance systems capable of finding out and analyzing simple and complex events that take place on scenes monitored by cameras. Within this context, the use of expert knowledge may offer a realistic solution when dealing with the design of a surveillance syst...

This paper presents a prototype system to automatically carry out surveillance tasks in monitored environments. This system consists in a supervised machine learning algorithm that generates a set of highly interpretable rules in order to classify events as normal or anomalous from 2D images without needing to build a D model of the environment. Ea...

Nowadays, the design and development of intelligent surveillance systems is a hot research topic thanks to the recent advances in related fields such as computer perception, artificial intelligence, and distributed devices infrastructures. These systems are gradually going from the classic CCTV passive surveillance systems towards systems which are...

The business achievement among consumers via e-commerce is getting more and more importance at the present time. In this paper, we propose to make use of fuzzy logic with the aim to improve the search and cataloguing of goods and services in Consumer-to-Consumer electronic commerce (E-commerce) portals (e.g. ebay). These portals are the media throu...

Machine learning algorithms can be used to discover patterns in data into e-commerce C2C portals and this knowledge can then be useful to help customers to refine their searches and to choose what to buy. In this work, it is proposed a new machine learning algorithm based on fuzzy logic. We describe the proposed algorithm for supporting customer se...

The aim of this work is to present a new method to compare dynamical systems by using Temporal Fuzzy Models (TFMs). To do that, first two TFMs are generated, after that, they are compared. The output obtained is the similarity of the two dynamical systems. This output is given by means of linguistic labels. Our method is checked by using two human...

Communication among intelligent agents which take part in negotiation protocols is not frequently considered as an important topic in the negotiation stage. These mechanisms are often designed for specific problems, without taking into account the interoperability among agents involved. In this paper, we suggest a standard communication protocol to...

In this paper the use of sequential machines for rec- ognizing actions taken by the objects detected by a general tracking algorithm is proposed. The system may deal with the uncertainty inherent in medium-level vision data. For this purpose, fuzzification of input data is performed. Besides, this transformation allows to manage data independently...

In this paper, we propose the use of temporal fuzzy chains for the modeling of dynamical systems in a way that is comprehensible. We are interested in helping the overall understanding of the system execution, over and during a precise and finite time. To this end, we model its input/output behavior and how this has changed in the past. There is a...

This work presents a new method to compare two Temporal Fuzzy Chains (TFCs). The TFCs comparison is used to compare the temporal evolution of two dynamical systems (TFCs). Firstly, the two TFCs that represent the two DSs are obtained. After that, the two obtained TFCs are compared, so the similarity of the two TFCs is obtained. This “similarity” is...

The business achievement among consumer via e-commerce is getting more important at the present time. In this paper, we propose to make use of fuzzy logic with the aim to improve the search and cataloguing of goods and services in Consumer-to-Consumer electronic commerce (E-commerce) portals (e.g. ebay). These portals are the media through most the...

in this work we present a system that describes linguistically the position of an object in motion in each frame of a video stream. This description is obtained directly from MPEG motion vectors by using the theory of fuzzy sets and approximate reasoning. The lack of information and noisy data over the compressed domain justifies the use of fuzzy l...

Global software development projects have to deal with a variety of challenges with respect to communication and control. For this reason, processes that are crucially based on communication, such as requirement elicitation, have to be specially rethought to minimize critical situations. As requirement elicitation is a human-centred process, we pro...

This paper is mainly concerned with the extension of fuzzy repertory table technique (FRT), so as to permit managers of organizations or groups to use it as a decision support system (DSS). The work considers the problem of decision making in environments in which the options are clear. In such environments, the manager must analyze each option mak...

A lot of current small businesses involve very simple interaction models that are being formalized for carrying out electronic commerce via open networks, like the Internet, or closed, private networks. E-commerce implies carry on negotiation between suppliers and customers, and makes a decision. We develop a technique for multi-issue negotiations...

Temporal fuzzy models (TFMs) are used to represent the dynamic systems (DSs) in a linguistic way. TFMs are composed of ordered temporal fuzzy rules (TFRs), thus, each rule represents a temporal zone. Normally, we obtain the TFMs by a fuzzy model induced by means of another induction algorithm, that is: first of all, an induction algorithm is used t...

The aim of this paper is to present a method of obtaining a linguistic model that reflects the behavior of a combined well-known data. The method is based on the technique of successive division of the input space as CART (Classification and Regression Tree, Wadsworth, Monterey, CA, 1984) and ID3 (Mach. Learning 1 (1986) 81). The obtained rules hav...

In this paper, we employ the fuzzy repertory table technique to acquire the necessary domain knowledge for software agents to act as sellers and buyers using a bilateral, multi-issue negotiation model that can achieve optimal results in semi-competitive environments. In this context, the seller's domain knowledge that needs to be acquired is the re...

In this paper, we develop a technique for acquiring the finite set of attributes or variables which the expert uses in a classification problem for characterising and discriminating a set of elements. This set will constitute the schema of a training data set to which an inductive learning algorithm will be applied. The technique developed uses ide...

The aim of this paper is to present an algorithm to induce the Temporal Fuzzy Chains (TFCs) (J. Moreno, 2002b). TFCs are used to model the dynamic systems in a linguistic manner. TFCs make use of two different concepts: the traditional method to represent the dynamic systems named state vectors (Ogata, 1998), and the linguistic variables (Zadeh, 19...

The aim of this paper is to present the Temporal Fuzzy Chains (TFCs) [3] to model the dynamic systems in a linguistic manner.

In this paper, we present an approach for the design of an intelligent agent capable of providing a list of suppliers of a product according to the restrictions defined by the buyer. This agent could be called by other intelligent agent, more particularly, the merchant broker agent. The agent suggested could be integrated in a multi-agent system in...

The aim of this paper is to present an algorithm to induce the Temporal Fuzzy Chains (TFCs) (J. Moreno, 2002b). TFCs are used to model the dynamic systems in a linguistic manner. TFCs make use of two different concepts: the traditional method to represent the dynamic systems named state vectors (Ogata, 1998), and the linguistic variables (Zadeh, 19...

In this paper, a fuzzy rule learning with exceptions is proposed to identify fuzzy models from examples, such a method has been developed trying to achieve a double goal: accuracy and interpretability. In order to do that, we apply a fuzzy repertory table to obtain the linguistic terms of the experts, and then maximal structure fuzzy rules with the...

The aim ofthis paperis topres" t a mechanis to model the dynamics ys tems Our mechanis makes us of two di#erent concepts the traditional method torepresP t the dynamics ys tems nameds tate vectors [4], and the linguisFP labels [7]us6 in fuzzy logic [6]. Thus our method is qualitative and repres - ts the "temporal zones usq( linguisPq s tates and li...

This paper shows how fuzzy repertory table technique (Castro et al., 2001) can be used as a simple decision support system for helping to a manager of a company when he is faced with a choice in which the options are clear (for instance, the choice of a suppliers from among all existing suppliers, or the choice of sell one product from among all ex...

Abstract The aim of this paper is to present the Temporal Fuzzy Models (TFMs). These models are used to represent the systems that change in time, i. e., dynamic systems. Temporal fuzzy rules of TFMs are ordered, so each rule represents a ”temporal zone”. An algorithm is presented to obtain the TFM. This algorithm needs as input a fuzzy model based...