José Afonso

José Afonso
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José verified their affiliation via an institutional email.
Verified
José verified their affiliation via an institutional email.
University of Porto | UP · Faculty of Sports

Ph.D. in Sports Sciences

About

325
Publications
192,493
Reads
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4,582
Citations
Additional affiliations
September 2006 - present
University of Porto
Position
  • Professor
Education
February 2017 - November 2018
Faculty of Medicine - University of Porto
Field of study
  • Anatomic Dissection
June 2014 - June 2016
Faculty of Sport - University of Porto
Field of study
  • Exercise periodization and sports coaching
September 2008 - February 2013
Faculty of Sport - University of Porto and Liverpool John Moores University
Field of study
  • Decision-making in sports

Publications

Publications (325)
Article
Full-text available
Publication bias refers to a systematic deviation from the truth in the results of a meta-analysis due to the higher likelihood for published studies to be included in meta-analyses than unpublished studies. Publication bias can lead to misleading recommendations for decision- and policy-making. In this education review, we introduce, explain, and...
Article
Full-text available
The warm-up is considered beneficial for increasing body temperature, stimulating the neuromuscular system and overall preparing the athletes for the demands of training sessions and competitions. Even when warm-up–derived benefits are slight and transient, they may still benefit preparedness for subsequent efforts. However, sports training and com...
Article
Full-text available
Background Stretching has garnered significant attention in sports sciences, resulting in numerous studies. However, there is no comprehensive overview on investigation of stretching in healthy athletes. Objectives To perform a systematic scoping review with an evidence gap map of stretching studies in healthy athletes, identify current gaps in th...
Article
In the context of training load monitoring, the most demanding periods of play (MDPs) have increasingly caught the interest of researchers. However, the MDPs analysis is currently embryonic, raising some conceptual and methodological questions. This current opinion synthesizes the methods used for the MDPs analysis while highlighting conceptual and...
Article
Full-text available
In recent years, the EnodePro® device has been one of the most frequently used velocity sensors to track the bar velocity in resistance training, with the aim of providing load–velocity profiles. However, recent articles highlight a lack of reliability and validity in the estimated maximal strength, which can cause a serious health risk due to the...
Article
Background: A well-developed physical fitness (e.g. sprinting; jumping) is required to meet the demands of soccer competitions. Jump training, an umbrella term encompassing a wide range of variation in jump-related exercises, provides with ample options to target a well-developed physical fitness profile in soccer players. Indeed, soccer-related ju...
Article
Planning is essential for organising learning content in sports coaching and physical education (PE) contexts but depends on multiple and mutable circumstances in each context. Although learning and performance are present in both contexts, planning in PE is typically more centred on learning, while coaching tends to focus more on performance. None...
Chapter
A equidade deve ser considerada não apenas no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, mas também na avaliação dos alunos. Além disso, a visão tradicional da avaliação como um momento exclusivo para mensurar e classificar deve ser reconsiderada. A avaliação deve, pois, ser entendida e praticada como uma oportunidade de aprendizagem e um momento valioso par...
Article
Embracing a tailor-made approach to training, the aim of this study was to understand how ongoing adaptation and planning of training sessions (through bidirectional feedback between planning and assessment) contrasts with a more rigid planning with only 4-weeks adaptations, and how those differences impact on learning trajectories. A longitudinal,...
Article
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Asymmetry is a hot topic that has motivated a continued interest in sports science and medicine [...]
Article
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The effects of specific training protocols to improve repeated sprint ability are well known; however, the utility of non-specific training for this purpose is doubtful. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of a specific (sport-related) vs. non-specific (general physical development) eight-week training protocol on developing or maint...
Article
Full-text available
Ground reaction forces (GRF) are a critical element acting on the joints of the lower limbs and the presence of fatigue may potentially modify running biomechanics. This systematic review aimed to assess and synthesize the current evidence on the effects of fatigue on GRF-related variables in long-distance runners. Following the PRISMA 2020 guideli...
Article
Skeletal muscle (SM) injuries are a very common occurrence among athletes during training and/or competitive periods, resulting in time loss and absence from sports. Of several existing interventions to improve SM recovery, the nutritional approach has emerged as integral part to improve the physiological response and maintain the body composition...
Poster
Full-text available
Surf therapy is gaining popularity for improving mental health, but the evidence to substantiate these claims is unclear. This systematic review assessed randomized and nonrandomized studies analyzing the efficacy of surf therapy in improving symptoms of mental illness compared to non-exercising controls and/or alternative intervention.
Article
Full-text available
Objectives To evaluate the acute effect of exposure to a potentiation warm-up protocol compared to a usual warm-up program. Design Randomized parallel control trial. Setting Synthetic grass in the club’s facilities (Portugal). Participants Seventeen female football players (age: 23.9 ± 3.9 years), were randomly allocated to a control (n = 8) and...
Article
Full-text available
Background The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 8-week resistance training with different training volumes on body composition, maximum strength, peak power, and muscle thickness in non-training women. Methods This was a 3-arm, prospectively designed, randomized controlled trial. A total of 45 adult women aged 20.7 ± 1 years...
Article
Full-text available
Background Surf therapy is gaining popularity for improving mental health. However, there is limited research evidence to substantiate these claims. Therefore, this systematic review aimed to assess randomized or non-randomized studies analyzing the efficacy of surf therapy in improving symptoms of mental illness compared to non-exercising controls...
Article
Full-text available
Background The complex-contrast training (CCT) method utilizes two exercises with different loads and movement velocities in a set-by-set fashion to induce multiple neuromuscular adaptations. The speculated primary mechanism involves the post-activation potentiation or post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) of the muscles used during the he...
Article
Full-text available
The incorporation of triaxial accelerometers into Global Positioning Systems (GPS) has significantly advanced our understanding of accelerations in sports. However, inter-positional differences are unknown. This study aimed to explore the variability of acceleration and deceleration (Acc) distribution curves according to players' positions during s...
Article
Combining traditional resistance and ballistic exercises in a complex training (CT) format has shown improved physical fitness compared to the control conditions. However, no meta-analysis has directly compared CT with traditional resistance training (RT) alone. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and WoS. Thirty-two studies involv...
Article
Full-text available
Background There has been an increase in studies examining the demands of soccer relative to each playing position in recent years. Understanding the physical, physiological, and technical demands on soccer players according to their positional role during competitive matches is necessary to understand match requirements and develop position-specif...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
Introduction: Expert performance relies on the athlete’s capacity to functionally adapt their movements to the dynamics of complex performance environments. We hypothesised that, in expert-level volleyball serve-reception: i) reception type is associated with receiver’s role, but not with reception efficacy, set outcome and receiver’s attack availa...
Article
Full-text available
Despite decades of literature on (de)hydration in healthy individuals, many unanswered questions remain. To outline research and policy priorities, it is fundamental to recognize the literature trends on (de)hydration and identify current research gaps, which herein we aimed to pinpoint. From a representative sample of 180 (de)hydration studies wit...
Article
Full-text available
The aim of this systematic review was to assess the effects of plyometric-jump training (PJT) on the physical fitness of youth with cerebral palsy (CP) compared with controls (i.e., standard therapy). The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were followed. Eligibility was assessed using the PICOS approach. Literature searches were conducted using the PubMed, Web...
Article
Full-text available
In the pursuit of optimal athletic performance, a multitude of factors converge, each playing a crucial role in defining an athlete's capabilities. Central among these determinants is the methodology employed in training by coaches. The efficacy of training methodology pivots upon various dimensions, encompassing the intensity and distribution of t...
Article
Full-text available
Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the My Jump 2 app in measuring jump height, flight time, and peak power among elite women beach volleyball players on sand surfaces. Methods: Eleven elite female beach volleyball players (aged 23.6 ± 6.2 years; weight 66.3 ± 5.8 kg; height 174.4 ± 5.8 cm; with 8.4 ± 4.8 ye...
Article
Full-text available
Background Maximal strength may contribute to soccer players’ performance. Several resistance training modalities offer the potential to improve maximal strength. During recent years, a large number of plyometric jump training (PJT) studies showed evidence for maximal strength improvements in soccer players. However, a comprehensive summary of the...
Article
Full-text available
There is limited research on female football players, especially related to their physical and cognitive performance under different climactic conditions. We analyzed the impact of a hot environmental temperature on physical performance and anticipation in elite female football players during a fatigue‐inducing intermittent protocol. Elite female p...
Preprint
Full-text available
Phone: +351 912 356 094. 2 This is a PrePrint Version Citation: André M., Ivan B., Fábio Y. N. et al. The influence of competition time in soccer players performance factors: A scoping review with evidence-gap map.
Article
This study aimed to bridge the gap in the literature on real-world analyses of coaches' approaches to planning. A 12-week qualitative case study of a Spanish canoeing coach was carried out to examine the relationship between long-and short-term planning, analyze adaptations made to the original designs, and thus, enhance current understanding of th...
Article
Full-text available
This study aimed to compare the effects of six-weeks volume-equated PJT using drop jump (DJ), countermovement jump (CMJ), or combination of both (COMB), on the physical fitness of adult males. Participants were randomly assigned to DJ (n=10), CMJ (n=9), or COMB (n=10) training groups, or an active control group (n=7). Performance data were collecte...
Article
Beyond teaching models/approaches, currently sports coaching literature is lacking on conceptual frameworks that offer a pedagogical structure capable of being adjusted and applied (i.e., appropriated) to athletes’ needs and diverse sport contexts. The Appropriateness Framework (AF) is a pedagogical structure to help sport practitioners in building...
Article
The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to compare the endurance performance chronic adaptations induced by running-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT), small-sided games (SSGs), and combined HIIT+SSGs in male and female youth and adult soccer players. The studies included in this review followed the PICOS criteria:...
Article
Objectives We aimed to assess the available evidence on the biophysics of the tennis serve, mapping the populations, interventions, contexts and other relevant information to highlight what is already known and to identify gaps in the literature. Design Systematic scoping review with evidence gap map. Methods The protocol was designed according t...
Article
This study aimed to contrast the impacts of an exercise intervention using either bounce drop jump (DJ; fast stretch-shortening cycle [SSC] exercise) or countermovement jump (CMJ; slow-SSC exercise) on measures of physical fitness in young females. A total of twenty-three young females (age: 19.7±1.0 years, height: 159.8±4.2 cm, body mass: 54.3±14....
Chapter
Lower limbs muscle injuries (LLMI) are the most common sports-related injuries during practice and/or competition. The most affected muscle groups are the adductors, hamstrings, quadriceps, and calf muscles. These injuries generate a considerable competitive and economic burden, justifying a comprehensive investment in strategies focused on reducin...
Article
Full-text available
This descriptive study aimed to investigate the current practices of Portuguese and Brazilian soccer coaches in the design and implementation of small-sided games (SSGs) in soccer. A total of 187 male coaches participated in the online survey, consisting of 82 Portuguese and 105 Brazilian individuals. These coaches held various positions within the...
Article
Full-text available
This systematic scoping review aimed to comprehensively identify and analyze the available evidence pertaining to the effects of plyometric training interventions on handball players. The search for relevant literature was conducted across prominent databases, including PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science Core Collection. The eligibilit...
Article
Full-text available
Background Upper-body plyometric training (UBPT) is a commonly used training method, yet its effects on physical fitness are inconsistent and there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the topic. Objective To examine the effects of UBPT on physical fitness in healthy youth and young adult participants compared to active, specific-active, and pass...
Article
Full-text available
We systematically reviewed the effect of ambient temperature on football players’ performance during a football-specific fatigue protocol. Data sources: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science. Eligibility criteria followed the P.I.C.O.S. approach: (i) Healthy football players regardless of sex, age, or competitive level; (ii)...
Article
Full-text available
Volleyball performance depends partially on lower limb strength. The phase angle (PhA) is a marker of functional muscle mass and a surrogate measure of athletic muscle performance. This study aimed to verify the correlation between PhA (bioimpedance) and lower limb muscle strength in young volleyball athletes. The sample included 38 young male voll...
Article
Full-text available
Dear Editor, Due to the relevance of plyometric training for the strength and conditioning community and the exponential rise in the number of original research and systematic reviews on the topic, an umbrella review is needed, as it summarises findings from published meta-analyses which could meaningfully advance knowledge in this field of resear...
Article
Full-text available
Elite athletes are reportedly more resistant to mental fatigue and are less negatively influenced by pre-induced mental fatigue. However, such evidence has not been verified in the context of open sports, such as football. This study investigated the effects of pre-induced mental fatigue on tactical behaviour and performance among Brazilian male el...
Article
Full-text available
The increase in the economic value of soccer occurred in parallel with an increase in competing demands. Therefore, clubs and federations evolved to greater specialization (e.g., state-of-the-art facilities and high-profile expertise staff) to support players’ performance and health. Currently, player preparation is far from exclusively club or nat...
Article
Full-text available
Objective: To compare the physical demands among training and match activities in women beach volleyball players. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: World top-level beach volleyball team. Patients or Other Participants: One defender (24 years-old, and 8 years of professional experience) and one blocker (25 years-old, and, 9 years of profession...
Article
Full-text available
The stereotyped sequence of volleyball actions allows organising them into six game complexes (K), each with specific dynamics. The purpose of this study was to verify the game flow in high-level women's volleyball through the sequencing of game complexes, their relative importance within the game and their relationship to attack efficacy. Seven ma...
Article
Full-text available
The phase angle (PhA) of bioelectrical impedance determines primary factors such as age, body mass index and sex. The researchers’ interest in applying PhA to better understand the skeletal muscle property and ability has grown, but the results are still heterogeneous. This systematic review with a meta-analysis aimed to examine the existence of re...
Poster
Full-text available
BACKGROUND/AIM The 2014 World Cup at Brazil exposed players to high temperatures, drawing attention to the need to study and understand the effect that heat has on physical, physiological and anticipatory performance of players [1]. This systematic review examined the effect of ambient temperature on football players who followed an assessment of t...
Article
Full-text available
This study characterised the sport participation patterns of 546 male youth team sport players. A retrospective questionnaire was used to identify the sport starting age (general sports and main sport) and the quantity and type of sports undertaken during the early years of development. A mixed-ANOVA and Chi-square tests were implemented. All parti...
Article
Full-text available
Background Among youth, plyometric-jump training (PJT) may provide a safe, accessible, and time-efficient training method. Less is known on PJT effectiveness according to the maturity status. Objective This systematic review with meta-analysis set out to analyse the body of peer-reviewed articles assessing the effects of PJT on measures of physica...
Article
Full-text available
Background: The reactive strength index (RSI) is meaningfully associated with independent markers of athletic (e.g., linear sprint speed) and neuromuscular performance (e.g., stretch-shortening-cycle [SSC]). Plyometric jump training (PJT) is particularly suitable to improve the RSI due to exercises performed in the SSC. However, no literature revie...
Article
Full-text available
Intracycle velocity variation is a swimming relevant research topic, focusing on understanding the interaction between hydrodynamic propulsive and drag forces. We have performed a systematic scoping review to map the main concepts, sources and types of evidence accomplished. Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases...
Article
Full-text available
Case-based learning (CBL) is a teaching method centered on active student learning that can overcome the limitations of traditional teaching methods used in undergraduate medical education. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the effectiveness of CBL against other teaching methodologies in terms of academic performance and perceptions...
Article
Full-text available
Aim: The aims of this scoping review were (i) to characterize the main methodological approaches to assessing individualized running speed thresholds in team sports players; (ii) to assess the use of traditional arbitrary (absolute) thresholds compared to individualized running speed thresholds in team sports players; (iii) to provide an evidence g...
Article
Full-text available
One of the most often-used task constraints in designing small-sided games (SSGs) is the manipulation of pitch size to promote increases or decreases in the relative area per player. Such adjustments cause changes in the acute responses during SSGs. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of smaller vs. larger pitch s...
Article
Full-text available
Background: Hamstrings injuries are common in sports and the reinjury risk is high. Despite the extensive literature on hamstrings injuries, the effectiveness of the different conservative (i.e., non-surgical) interventions (i.e., modalities and doses) for the rehabilitation of athletes with acute hamstrings injuries is unclear. Objective: We aime...
Article
Full-text available
According to the Quality Education and Gender Equality ambitions established at the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals, we aimed to test the feasibility of a flexible planning and assessment process, using ongoing, bidirectional feedback between planning and assessment. Eighteen players (11.5 ± 0.5 years of age) from a U13 female volleyb...
Article
Full-text available
Background A growing body of literature is available regarding the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) on measures of physical fitness (PF) and sport-specific performance (SSP) in-water sports athletes (WSA, i.e. those competing in sports that are practiced on [e.g. rowing] or in [e.g. swimming; water polo] water). Indeed, incoherent findings...
Article
Full-text available
Background Field-based tests are important since they can guarantee ecological validity. Although most such tests are designed to assess physical fitness, tactical and technical dimensions are also determinants in a full battery of tests. Objectives This systematic review aimed to (a) summarize the criterion validity and reliability of technical a...