Jorge Pedro Galve

• PhD
• Professor (Associate) at University of Granada

The Stream Length-Gradient (SL) index is used to detect knickpoints potentially related to surface and sub-surface deformation processes. In this work, the SL index has been calculated along streams draining the southern sector of the Emilia-Romagna Region within the Northern Apennines (Italy), to detect knickpoints associated with ac- tive la...

Recognition and assessment of sinkholes as geosites: lessons from the Island of Gozo (Malta) There is a wide literature on sinkhole or doline classification, formation and evolution. However, despite the fact that they are often characterised by spectacular morphological features, sinkholes are not normally described as geological resources which m...

Sinkholes in karst areas disrupt transportation route serviceability causing significant direct and indirect economic losses and may lead to accidents involving fatalities. A quantitative procedure has been developed to identify the most suitable mitigation designs for a road recently built in an area with a very high probability of sinkhole occurr...

This work presents a methodology for elaborating sinkhole hazard models that incorporate the magnitude and frequency relationships of the subsidence process. The proposed approach has been tested in a sector of the Ebro valley mantled evaporite karst, where sinkholes, largely induced by irrigation practices, have a very high occurrence rate (>50 si...

Multiple sinkhole susceptibility models have been generated in three study areas of the Ebro Valley evaporite karst (NE Spain) applying different methods (nearest neighbour distance, sinkhole density, heuristic scoring system and probabilistic analysis) for each sinkhole type separately (cover collapse sinkholes, cover and bedrock collapse sinkhole...

The disruption of vehicle traffic on important transport infrastructure has a major economic impact. Therefore, the instability of highway cut-slopes poses a significant risk for major infrastructures crossing mountainous regions and rocky coasts. The use of Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is of great help in the prevention of road cut-slope failur...

The availability of displacement maps based on Multi-Temporal Satellite SAR Interferometry (MT-InSAR) has greatly increased, particularly since the launch of the Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellites in 2014. These satellites provide open and free data, leading to services like the European Ground Motion Service (EGMS) which offers highly detailed displ...

Quantitative landslide hazard models provide estimations of the number of landslides per area and time that might be expected in the near future. These models are essential to calculate landslide risk in monetary terms. Although they are very useful tools for managing the activity of unstable slopes, their production calls for a vast amount of spat...

Costa Rica, a small tropical country with an area of 51,179 km2, has an extensive network of diverse streams controlled by varied environmental and geological conditions. Rugged terrain, active volcanism, and tectonic activity, along with intense precipitation, result in a dynamic drainage system characterized by a wide array of erosive and deposit...

The Caribbean coastal plains of northern Costa Rica have drawn little attention from geomorphologists even though this region possesses singular landforms resulting from exogenous and endogenous processes that shape the Costa Rican landscape. The Quaternary plain is the surface of a back-arc sedimentary basin called North Limón Basin that is fed by...

Geographic Information Systems (GISs) cover a wide range of Earth and environmental science disciplines that have become essential for spatial data management, easing the digital transformation needs of our society. Despite the usefulness of GISs, they remain underutilised in academia, and many students do not understand the possibilities that thes...

Urban resilience is critical to allow cities to withstand the challenges of the 21st Century. One factor that is often overlooked in such assessments is the role of the subsurface. A novel methodology called the Urban Geo-climate Footprint (UGF) has been developed to classify cities quickly and comprehensively from geological and climatic perspecti...

In carbonate coastlines, karst studies have traditionally focused on reconstructing Quaternary coastal uplift and sea level oscillations. However, their potential for investigating coastal subsidence remains unexplored in regions with limited sedimen-tary records and scientific monitoring. In line with this, our study delved into the utility of kar...

Tearing at the edges of subducted slabs permits the migration of narrow orogenic arcs. Dynamic models predict that the active segment of subvertical tears migrates in the sense opposite subduction modifying the topography and tectonic regime along its path. However, the effects of slab tearing on surface deformation and landscape evolution, remains...

Narrow Orogenic Arcs (NOA) on Earth are often biodiversity hotspots, where biogeographic evolution is influenced by tectonic forcing. However, the relationships between tectonic mechanisms intrinsic to NOA, landscape evolution and speciation forming biodiversity hotspots have not been dwelt with. Different mechanisms inherent to NOA, such as slab r...

Landslide research has benefited greatly from advances in remote sensing techniques. However, the recent increase in available data on land surface movement provided by InSAR techniques can lead to identifying only those areas that were active during data acquisition as hazardous, overlooking other potentially unsafe areas or neglecting landslide-s...

Manuscript under review submitted to "Cities" Journal related to the Urban Geo-climate Footprint tool.

Purpose: The development of accurate early warning systems for landslides is critical for reducing the risk of fatalities and economic losses. Machine learning techniques, specifically Deep Learning (DL) models, have demonstrated exceptional predictive capabilities for this purpose. Although comparisons of DL models for landslide prediction have ma...

Subduction Transform Edge Propagators (STEPs) bound the edge of subduction zones allowing slab rollback and the migration of narrow orogenic arcs and the basins they enclose. STEPs migrate in space and time changing the topography of the regions they traverse. Producing consecutive waves of subsidence/uplift related to tectonic mechanisms including...

Accurate early warning systems for landslides are a reliable risk-reduction strategy that may significantly reduce fatalities and economic losses. Several machine learning methods have been examined for this purpose, underlying deep learning (DL) models’ remarkable prediction capabilities. The long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit...

Cenozoic extension in the Western Mediterranean has been related to the dynamics of back‐arc domains. Although, in most of its orogenic belts extension propagated into the fore‐arc nappe domains. Here we revisit the structure, metamorphism and radiometric ages of the Tunisian Tell, where HP/LT rocks (350°C at 0.8 GPa), were exhumed by the sequentia...

An updated and complete landslide inventory is the starting point for an appropriate hazard assessment. This paper presents an improvement for landslide mapping by integrating data from two well-consolidated techniques: Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) and Landscape Analysis through the normalised channel steepness index ( k sn ). The...

Accurate landslide early warning systems are a trustworthy risk-reduction method that may greatly minimize human and economic losses. Several machine learning algorithms have been investigated for this goal, underlying the impressive potential in prediction capability of Deep Learning (DL) models. Despite this, the only DL models evaluated so far a...

Coastal regions in Southwest Europe have experienced major interventions and transformations of the territory with unprecedented urban development, primarily related to growing tourism activity. The coast is the place where marine and terrestrial processes converge, making it highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. However, the lack of...

This paper proposes a preliminary and large-scale survey methodology to identify areas suitable for indepth analysis for the application of Sustainable Drainage Systems and Managed Aquifer Recharge. These techniques are frequently applied to increase the natural infiltration capacity of water into the ground and their effectiveness depends on the l...

Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) is a consolidated tool for detecting and monitoring ground surface displacements. The availability of satellite data with free access policy and high monitoring capabilities (in terms of resolution and acquisition frequency) is increasing. Moreover, the first continental displacement map of Europe will be f...

Lateral spreading and block sliding are often associated in nature causing large rock blocks to progressively separate from a cliff (i.e. lateral spreading) and slowly slide down the slope of a hillside (i.e. block sliding). These large landslides generate landscapes with distinctive landforms that have been valued as part of the geological heritag...

Megafans are ever-evolving landforms and sedimentary bodies produced by rivers that regularly change their courses through avulsions, in which the processes that cause the avulsions and their rates are tightly linked to the formation and evolution of the fans. The commonly cited condition required for the formation of megafans is a highly variable...

The increase in the number of heavy precipitation events and drought periods due to climate change induce geohazards that significantly affect the economy and pose significant threats to the population. The coast is a particularly vulnerable territory, as it has been extensively modified by urban development mainly related to tourism. The RISKCOAST...

Cenozoic extension in the Western Mediterranean is related to the dynamics of back-arc domains. However, extension propagated into the external Foreland Thrust Belts (FTB) of the region. Here we revisit the structure, metamorphism and radiometric ages of the Tunisian Tell FTB, where HP/LT blastomylonitic rocks (300-370ºC at 0.9-1.0 GPa), were exhum...

The SAR Interferometry techniques, Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) among them, are nowadays known as important tools for monitoring Earth surface movements. Several regional and national Ground Motion Services based on PSI already exist. Moreover, since 2022 the European Ground Motion Service will be operational and will annually provide...

The exploitation of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imaging is rising higher and higher on the agenda of researchers, professionals and stakeholders working in the field of geomatics, geodesy, surveying, Earth sciences, land management and monitoring. Through their all-weather and day/night sensing capabilities, range of frequency bands, manifold s...

This study proposes a survey methodology for identifying areas for combined Sustainable Drainage Systems (SUDS) and Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) (Dearden et al. 2013, Sharp Jr., 1997); these techniques exploit the hydrogeological and geomorphological characteristics of an area, to increase the natural infiltration capacity of water into the g...

Geohazard prone areas require continuous monitoring to detect risks, understand the phenomena occurring in those regions and prevent disasters. Satellite interferometry (InSAR) has come to be a trustworthy technique for ground movement detection and monitoring in the last few years. InSAR based techniques allow to process large areas providing high...

Informes CONAMA sobre la defensa del medio natural Soluciones ante los riesgos climáticos en ríos y costas

The new European round Motion Service (Copernicus) opens a new perspective in the use of Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) products. Moreover, the start-up of new constellations with systematic acquisition policies and free data access like Sentinel-1, is increasing the interest in these techniques. In this context, not only...

Exploration of territories not previously analyzed by landslide experts provides interesting findings. The Chgega landslide, in northern Tunisia, represents a paradigmatic mass movement. It can be classified as a complex landslide, or more specifically as vast rock spreading that evolved into a block slide. It involves a great block of limestone-ab...

When an active landslide is first identified in an artificial reservoir, a comprehensive study has to be quickly conducted to analyse the possible hazard that it may represent to such a critical infrastructure. This paper presents the case of the El Arrecife Landslide, located in a slope of the Rules Reservoir (Southern Spain), as an example of geo...

[See the full-text in the following link: https://rdcu.be/cyFI0]. When an active landslide is first identified in an artificial reservoir, a comprehensive study has to be quickly conducted to analyse the possible hazard that it may represent to such a critical infrastructure. This paper presents the case of the El Arrecife Landslide, located in a s...

The tropical Northern Andes of Colombia are one the world's most biodiverse places, offering an ideal location for unraveling the linkages between the geodynamic forces that build topography and the evolution of the biota that inhabit it. In this study, we utilize geomorphic analysis to characterize the topography of the Western and Central Cordill...

This study proposes a survey methodology for identifying areas for combined Sustainable Drainage Systems (SUDS) and Aquifer Storage and Recovery (ASR) (Dearden et al. 2013, Sharp Jr., 1997); these techniques exploit the hydrogeological and geomorphological characteristics of an area, to increase the natural infiltration capacity of water into the g...

This century is the “century of the cities”, where rapid urbanization and greater global connection present unprecedented urban challenges and concentrates risk in urban areas making them increasingly vulnerable (Coaffee & Lee, 2016). The need arises for urban planning must be asked to fully incorporate an understanding of the sub-surface into the...

InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) cloud computing and the subtraction of LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) DEMs (Digital Elevation Models) are innovative approaches to detect subsidence in karst areas. InSAR cloud computing allows for analyzing C-band Envisat and Sentinel S1 SAR images through web platforms to produce displacement...

RESUMEN: La literatura vulcanológica internacional cita la actividad eruptiva del Turrialba restringida mayoritariamente a los años 1864-1866. Sin embargo, con base en una reinterpretación de los documentos históricos y el aporte de las dataciones de ra-diocarbono junto con las secciones estratigráficas, se evidenció que el Turrialba presentó al me...

The tropical Northern Andes of Colombia are one the world's most biodiverse places, offering an ideal location for unraveling the linkages between the geodynamic forces that build topography and the evolution of the biota that inhabit it. In this study, we utilize geomorphic analysis to characterize the topography of the Western and Central Cordill...

This paper describes a model for the prediction of sinkhole collapse for two-dimensional and axisymmetric conditions. The model explains the arching effect on the threshold of collapse by a catenary arch or dome that tries to redirect the self-weight of the unstable soil to the adjacent stable mass. The collapse mechanism considers the vertical dis...

A combined method was developed to forecast the spatial and the temporal probability of occurrence of rainfall-induced shallow landslides over large areas. The method also allowed to estimate the dynamic change of this probability during a rainfall event. The model, developed through a data-driven approach basing on Multivariate Adaptive Regression...

Data-driven methodologies are widely used for the reconstruction of shallow landslide susceptibility maps. The outputs of these models strictly depend on the type of landslide inventories used for the modelling. Thus, this work performed a deep analysis of the role of different inventories on the definition of shallow landslide susceptibility of a...

Some landslides around the world that have low-angle failure planes show exceptionally poor mechanical properties. In some cases, an extraordinarily pure clay layer has been detected on the rupture surface. In this work, a complex landslide, the so-called Diezma landslide, is investigated in a low- to moderate-relief region of Southeast Spain. In t...

Khelil et al. (2019) have made a useful contribution to our knowledge by satisfactorily modeling extension at the front of an accretionary wedge with contrasting basal frictional properties using both sandbox experiments and numerical calculations. They suggest, however, that the normal faults observed in the Mejerda basin above the boundary betwee...

Mapa de eventos metereológicos extremos en las costas de Portugal, España y sur de Francia durante los últimos 10 años. Pérdidas humanas y económicas.

Este informe tiene como finalidad resumir los mecanismos existentes en España para gestionar los peligros geológicos ligados al clima, así como ofrecer datos actuales sobre los mismos: inundaciones, deslizamientos y desprendimientos rocosos, riesgos costeros, etc. El trabajo analiza una serie de cuestionarios compartidos a la comunidad científica,...

Active shortening structures in Northern Tunisia have developed by tectonic inversion since the Pliocene, after Late Miocene extensional collapse of the whole region. Restored Plio-Quaternary deformation observed on reflection seismic lines indicates deformation rates around 0.6–0.8 mm/yr in the studied segments and larger amounts of shortening to...

Active shortening structures in Northern Tunisia have developed by tectonic inversion since the Pliocene, after Late Miocene extensional collapse of the whole region. Restored Plio-Quaternary deformation observed on reflection seismic lines indicates deformation rates around 0.6-0.8 mm/yr in the studied segments and larger amounts of shortening to...

La Actividad 1.1 del GT 1 de RISKCOAST tiene como finalidad llevar a cabo un exhaustivo inventario de los eventos costeros ocurridos durante los últimos 10 años, que hayan generado alarma y daños significativos en el territorio SUDOE de cada uno de los países participantes. Como «significativo» ha de entenderse eventos con víctimas mortales y/o dañ...

Slope failures occur in open-pit mining areas worldwide, producing considerable damage in addition to economic loss. Identifying the triggering factors and detecting unstable slopes and precursory displacements —which can be achieved by exploiting remote sensing data— are critical for reducing their impact. Here we present a methodology that combin...

The Camorro Fault is located at the foot of the northern slope of a limestone karstic massif that is called ‘Sierra de Las Chimeneas’, in the central sector of the Betic Cordillera (Southern Spain). The fault shows a well-marked surface expression. It is a 6 km-length strike-slip with extensional component fault that forms part of the Torcal Shear...

The European Space Agency’s Geohazard Exploitation Platform (GEP) (https://geohazardstep. eu/#!) is a web-based platform through users can perform independent analysis by exploiting satellite data. This platform hosts several thematic apps that allow to identify, monitor and asses hazard related to geological processes such as volcanism, land subsi...

Landslides in reservoir contexts are a well-recognised hazard that may lead to dangerous situations regarding infrastructures and people’s safety. Satellite-based radar interferometry is proving to be a reliable method to monitor the activity of landslides in such contexts. Here, we present a DInSAR (Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture...

To assess seasonal patterns of suspended sediment load and its erosion-transport interactions, 17 years of river monitoring data from the Isser River Basin (northwest Algeria) was studied, considering continuous and event-scale approaches. The results show significant differences in sediment yield and transport processes between dry and wet periods...

The recent geodynamic evolution of Iberia is recorded in its topography. Geomorphic markers and their dating; morphometric indices estimated through cutting-edge DEM analysis techniques; and the link of all this data with results of geophysical studies allow discussing why Iberia displays the highest average elevation in Europe and shows a particul...

Active tectonics in North Africa is fundamentally driven by NW-SE directed slow convergence between the Nubia and Eurasia plates, leading to a region of thrust and strike-slip faulting. In this paper, we analyse the morphometric characteristics of the northern Tunisia sector. We aim to identify unknown active tectonic structures, and to further und...

Geomorphological indices, such as the Stream Length-Gradient (SL) index, have been demonstrated to be suitable for detecting anomalies in stream-profiles. These anomalies (knickpoints) are generally related to active tectonics, lithological changes and large mass movements. This study aims to detect drainage areas affected by mass movements using S...

In this paper, we define the Camorro Fault as one of the several faults in the Torcal de Antequera Massif (MTA). Such massif is located in the central sector of the Torcal Shear Zone (ZCT). The Camorro Fault was previously defined as a dextral strike-slip fault, but field observations let us propose its recent transition to a normal fault regime. T...

The coast of Granada (southern Spain) has already been the subject of several studies about landslides in urban areas. This is the case of (1) Cármenes del Mar, (2) Marina del Este, (3) Alfamar and (4) Monte de los Almendros resorts. Previous studies evidence that Cármenes del Mar and Marina del Este resorts were built in hillsides affected by quie...

The Sentinel satellites of the Copernicus program provide free-of-charge data with global coverage. The different typologies of Sentinel sensors allow mapping and monitoring a wide range of natural (e.g., floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions) and man-made (e.g., land-use changes, urban growth, air pollution) hazards and processes. In this work,...

The Rules Reservoir is located in the Guadalfeo River to the south of Sierra Nevada (Betic Chain, SE Spain). This reservoir has a storage capacity of 117 hm3 and it supplies water to the populations, subtropical crops and greenhouses in the coast of Granada. The construction of the reservoir presented difficulties due to the instability of the subs...

Extensional denudation in the western Mediterranean formed deep basins in the core of subduction-related orogenic arcs. It has contributed to the exhumation of metamorphic rocks in the hinterland of the Betics, Appenines, Rif and Tell. However, fewer cases have been described of extensional denudation affecting Foreland Thrust Belts (FTB). Here we...

Lateral spreading forms when fractured rocks or soil mass slide slowly over a softer underlying material. In this work, we studied two cases, one in the south of Spain and other in the north of Tunisia. Both are rock spreadings and occur along shear or tensile fractures. These mass movements involve in almost all cases rocks and occur along shear o...

In this work, the Generalized Additive Model (GAM) technique was implemented for the landslide susceptibility assessment in the Gravegnola T. basin (Eastern Liguria, Italy), affected by many shallow landslides caused by the 25 October 2011 rainstorm. Nine morphological variables, river network, land use and geological settings were considered in GA...

Satellite remote sensing is a powerful tool to map flooded areas. In recent years, the availability of free satellite data significantly increased in terms of type and frequency, allowing the production of flood maps at low cost around the world. In this work, we propose a semi-automatic method for flood mapping, based only on free satellite images...

Satellite remote sensing is a powerful tool to map flooded areas. In the last years, the availability of free satellite data sensibly increased in terms of type and frequency, allowing producing flood maps at low cost around the World. In this work, we propose a semi-automatic method for flood mapping, based only on free satellite images and open-s...

It has long been recognized that earthquakes change the stress in the upper crust around the fault rupture and can influence the behaviour of neighbouring faults and volcanoes. Rapid estimates of these stress changes can provide the authorities managing the post-disaster situation with valuable data to identify and monitor potential threads and to...

Two orthogonal extensional systems produced the extensional collapse of the Tell and Atlas thrust belts in northern Tunisia during the Late Miocene to Pliocene in a context of NW-SE plate convergence between Africa and Eurasia. The older extensional system shows several low-angle normal faults (LANFs) and associated high-angle faults with ENE-direc...

The Albuñuelas asymmetric graben is located in the southeastern end of the Granada intramontane basin. Its structure is defined by a conjugate system of E-W normal faults that down-drop the Neogene sedimentary deposits and cross-out a system of north-vergent asymmetric folds. The observed structural features allow the reconstruction of the asymmetr...

Quantitative geomorphic parameters of drainage networks, like the normalized channel steepness index (Ksn) and the Stream Length-Gradient index (SL), have been demonstrated to be suitable for detecting anomalies on stream-profiles. Ksn and SL indices allow to detect knickpoints, which are generally related to active tectonics, lithological changes...

It has long been recognized that earthquakes change the stress in the upper crust around the fault rupture and can influence the behaviour of neighbouring faults and volcanoes. Rapid estimates of these stress changes can provide the authorities managing the post-disaster situation with valuable data to identify and monitor potential threads and to...

Rainfall-induced landslides constitute a major cause of damage and fatalities throughout the intramontane basins of the Andes. The geological and climatic setting plays a key role in the generation of a high number of landslides in this area. For this reason, a greater understanding of the relationship between landslide frequency and climate condit...

The analysis of remote sensing data to assess geohazards is being improved by web-based platforms and collaborative projects, such as the Geohazard Exploitation Platform (GEP) of the European Space Agency (ESA). This paper presents the evaluation of a surface velocity map that is generated by this platform. The map was produced through an unsupervi...

RESUMEN En el presente trabajo se muestra el caso de la urbanización Los Cármenes del Mar (Almuñécar, Granada). Parte de esta urbanización, de unas 416 viviendas, se construyó sobre un deslizamiento preexistente. Numerosas viviendas han sido evacuadas recientemente y se ha declarado oficialmente el " estado de emergencia " en el complejo urbanístic...

This work integrates detailed geological and hydrogeological information with PSI data to obtain a better understanding of subsidence processes detected in the detrital aquifer of the Vega de Granada (SE Spain) during the past 13 years. Ground motion was monitored by exploiting SAR images from the ENVISAT (2003-2009), Cosmo-SkyMed (2011-2014) and S...

Open image in new windowDeterministic methods are appropriate for analyzing specific slopes at site-scale where geotechnical parameters are better known. Probabilistic techniques provide better results than deterministic methods at regional scales (1:10,000–1:50,000). However, the performances of deterministic and probabilistic methods at large sca...

Open image in new windowIn this paper three different approaches for landslide susceptibility modeling—Shallow Landslide Stability model (SHALSTAB), Likelihood Ratio (LR) and Generalized Additive Model (GAM)—are compared. They are based on deterministic and statistical methods, respectively. These methods were tested in the Pogliaschina catchment (...

In this work, the role of different landslide inventories in susceptibility assessment was evaluated using a non linear regression technique, namely the generalized additive model (GAM).The investigation was carried out in three study areas: the Versa catchment (Oltrepò Pavese, Southern Lombardy, Italy), the Vernazza catchment (Cinque Terre, Easter...