Jonas Wood

Jonas Wood
University of Antwerp | UA · Centrum voor Longitudinaal en Levenslooponderzoek (CELLO)

PhD Sociology, MS Sociology, MS Statistics

About

65
Publications
7,853
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Introduction
Family Policy, Maternal Employment and Fertility Outcomes: 2015-.. (FWO-project-G032715N): Using longitudinal individual-level data from the 2001 Census and the Crossroads Bank for social security, this project analyses socio-economic and gender differentials in the uptake of childcare and parental leave in Belgium between 2000 and 2010, and the effects on fertility and maternal employment.
Additional affiliations
September 2011 - present
University of Antwerp
Position
  • Predoctoral researcher
Description
  • Socio-Economic Differentials in Family Formation: 2011-2015 (FWO-G012011N10 & UABOF-NOILP). This project investigates socio-economic differentials in family formation in Europe between 1970 and 2010.
Education
September 2013 - July 2014
KU Leuven
Field of study
  • MS Statistics
September 2011 - August 2014
University of Antwerp
Field of study
  • PhD Social Sciences
September 2010 - July 2011
University of Antwerp
Field of study
  • MS Sociology

Publications

Publications (65)
Chapter
The swift and effective labour market integration of new migrants is a highly ranked policy priority. Consequently, policies across high-income countries progressively provide migrant specific Active Labour Market Policies (ALMP), such as language training or civic integration courses, but also stimulate enrolment in ALMP provided for all jobseeker...
Article
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Host country language acquisition is widely considered an important factor to prevent the social and economic exclusion of immigrants. High-income countries invest considerably in language courses for new immigrants, yet hitherto our understanding of when participation in such courses seems to stimulate language acquisition remains limited. As a re...
Article
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The association between economic cycles—typically measured in terms of GDP growth or swings in unemployment—and macro-level fertility trends has received ample attention in the literature. Compared to studies that consider macro-level fertility, individual-based models can address the association between economic cycles and specific stages of famil...
Article
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Policy-makers in many countries increasingly voice concerns about fathers’ low uptake of parental leave, given numerous potential dividends regarding children’s development, fathers’ wellbeing, and household gender equality. In response, scholars have put forward complementary ideological, policy-related, or economic explanations for fathers’ paren...
Article
Although formal childcare is considered a key social investment policy to combat inequality, available research indicates that in most European and other high-income countries parents with lower socio-economic positions are less likely to use formal childcare. As the literature on the underlying causes of this so-called Matthew effect has not yet c...
Article
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Although the gender gap in labour force participation has narrowed considerably in many European countries, life course scholars have shown that the transition to parenthood exacerbates gender inequality in couples’ division of paid work. Hitherto, variation by migration background has received limited attention in research on the effect of parenth...
Article
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Active labour market policies, like training, aim to increase the employability of unemployed population subgroups. Research indicates that the most vulnerable groups—such as women of migrant origin—are less likely to participate in the most effective programmes. Prior studies have established that household composition affects the labour market ou...
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Background: The relationship between socioeconomic position and union formation has frequently been studied in majority populations. Despite the growing importance of minority groups in European populations and their often different patterns of union formation and labour market positions, variation in the socioeconomic preconditions for union forma...
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and the national COVID-19 measures might have increased potential barriers to abortion care and created new ones, especially for vulnerable groups. This study documents the impact of the pandemic and the lockdown measures on the profile of people going through the abortion process. Methods: Using anonymized pati...
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Previous studies have repeatedly shown that all‐cause mortality is subject to spatial variation within countries and that acculturation of migrant mortality to native patterns occurs gradually with increasing duration of residence. This suggests that spatial variation in mortality is likely to differ between migrants and natives and that the migran...
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This study focuses on the role of parenthood ideologies on the micro and meso level as individual determinants to take up parental leave among fathers in Belgium. Belgian parental leave policies are characterized by a “laisser faire” mentality regarding the division of parental leave uptake. Based on in-depth interviews with 20 heterosexual couples...
Article
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In recent decades, many Western European countries introduced parental leave policies to support the work–family combination in families with young children. However, these parental leave schemes often exhibit employment‐based eligibility criteria, so the question arises to which extent social inequalities emerge in the access to parental leave, an...
Article
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Objective: we explore migrant-native differentials in the uptake of formal and informal childcare and whether this is induced by lower demand for childcare versus differential access to (in)formal childcare compared to natives. Background: The rise in female labour market participation in recent decades has challenged parents to negotiate work and...
Article
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A sizeable body of literature has shown that the migrant-native employment gap is larger among women with children than among childless women, suggesting that the transition to parenthood has a stronger impact on the employment trajectories of migrant origin women compared to those of native women. However, due to the limited use of longitudinal da...
Article
Objective To study whether the social correlates of subsequent abortions vary depending on the order of the abortion. Methodology: Drawing upon the Flemish abortion centres’ anonymized patient records (2010–2019), discrete-time hazard models were used to examine whether individual abortion experiences across women’s reproductive life course have di...
Article
For a long time, high‐income countries tended to report a negative association between female educational attainment and childbearing. Belgium was among the first countries that seemed to witness the emergence of a positive educational gradient in female fertility. It has been argued that—alongside other contextual correlates—this trend reflects th...
Article
De arbeidsmarkt in Vlaanderen werd de voorbije jaren gekenmerkt door een historische daling van het werkloosheidscijfer – tot 2,9% in het vierde kwartaal van 2019 – en een dienovereenkomstige toename van de arbeidsmarktkrapte (STATBEL, 2020; WSE, 2019). Ook nationaal bereikte het werkloosheidscijfer in 2019 zijn laagste peil sinds 1975 (figuur 1a)....
Article
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BACKGROUND Rising symmetry in public gender roles as a result of women’s rising educational and labour market participation could make both partners’ labour market positions equally relevant with respect to family formation. It is, however, unclear whether and to what extent this evolution has materialised. To date, few studies have examined couple...
Book
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Dit onderzoek gaat na welke hindernissen personen met een (niet-Europese) migratieachtergrond ondervinden in hun weg naar de arbeidsmarkt, in welke mate zij instromen in taal-, inburgerings- en activeringstrajecten en wat de effectiviteit van deze trajecten is. Daartoe werden gegevens rond de arbeidsmarktpositie vanuit de KSZ over de periode 2005-2...
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Although the hypothesis that formal childcare reconciles work and family life-and thus stimulates the transition into parenthood-is theoretically well-grounded and partially empirically supported, available literature has hitherto insufficiently acknowledged differential effects by population subgroups. This is remarkable as population subgroups ar...
Article
Full-text available
The theoretically well-grounded hypothesis that the availability of formal childcare has a positive impact on childbearing in the developed world has been part of the population literature for a long time. Whereas the participation of women in the labour force created a tension between work and family life, the increasing availability of formal chi...
Article
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The limited increase in fathers’ involvement in childcare tasks in response to the unprecedented rise in female labour market participation illustrates the incomplete nature of the gender revolution. Available research provides evidence for micro-economic mechanisms and the influence of gender norms and social policy design on couples’ gendered div...
Article
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Parental leave schemes undoubtedly facilitate the combination of work and family life during leave-taking. In addition to this instantaneous effect of parental leave uptake, a growing yet limited body of research addresses the question of subsequent effects of parental leave uptake. As work-family policies, such as parental leave, are geared toward...
Article
Bien que les pays occidentaux aient connu un développement sans précédent du modèle des couples à double revenu, l’égalité entre les hommes et les femmes sur le marché du travail reste insuffisante : la division du travail rémunéré entre les sexes continue d’être inégale après les naissances, et les congés parentaux sont très largement pris par les...
Article
Although the hypothesis that formal childcare reconciles work and family life – and thus stimulates the transition to parenthood – is theoretically well-grounded and partially empirically supported, available literature has hitherto insufficiently acknowledged differential effects by population subgroups. This is remarkable as population subgroups...
Article
Full-text available
This study focuses on early labour market trajectories of Turkish and Maghreb origin women who graduated in Belgium (Flanders) between 2005 and 2016. In contrast to available literature that largely focuses on employment positions at one point, we assess whether there are ethnic differentials in entering a sustainable employment spell, operationali...
Article
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Motherhood negatively affects female employment in majority populations across Europe. Although employment levels are particularly low among women of migrant origin, little is known about the motherhood–employment link in migrant populations. This paper investigates whether family formation differentially affects the labour market position of migra...
Article
Although young couples increasingly divide paid and unpaid work equally, the transition to parenthood is associated with the production of gender inequality. Given the rising prevalence of female breadwinner households in Europe, this paper assesses whether the parenthood effect on gender inequality in employment is counteracted in couples where wo...
Article
Family policies such as parental leave schemes increasingly support the work–family balance. Low maternal employment in migrant populations raises questions on family policy uptake among mothers of migrant origin. This study documents differences in parental leave uptake between native and migrant mothers of different origin groups and generations,...
Article
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In France, where unemployment is high, it is often difficult for young people to find a stable job after completing their education. This was already the case before the recent economic crisis. In parallel, age at first union formation is increasing. How do young people's labour market difficulties affect their decision to enter a first cohabiting...
Article
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Gezinsbeleid ondersteunt in toenemende mate de combinatie van werk en gezin. Werkzaamheid bij moeders met migratie-achtergrond blijft echter zeer laag, wat vragen oproept over het gebruik van gezinsbeleid bij migranten. In deze bijdrage wordt aan de hand van longitudinale data van de Kruispuntbank van de Sociale Zekerheid (1999 – 2010) onderzocht (...
Article
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Several studies have looked into the socio-economic gradients of cohabitation and non-marital fertility. According to the theory of the Second Demographic Transition, highly educated individuals can be considered as forerunners in the Western European spread of non-marital family forms after the 1970s. In Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), however,...
Article
Both macro and micro level research exhibits signs of a turnaround in the relation between female labour force participation and fertility. However, it can be expected that this association varies considerably between population subgroups. Drawing on 2001 Belgian census data combined with birth registers for first, second and third births for the p...
Article
Full-text available
Family Formation and Labour Force Participation Maternal Employment and Educational Differentials in Europe Despite the rise in maternal employment in Europe between 1970 and the 2000s, women’s labour market positions continue to depend much more strongly on family formation than those of men. The available literature on educational gradients in m...
Article
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The extent to which mothers progress to a second child varies greatly between European countries. Although both institutional and economic context are believed to be partly responsible for these differences, available research on economic conditions and fertility mostly focuses on first births and studies on family policy and fertility have hithert...
Thesis
Full-text available
As a result of declining fertility levels in Europe in the late twentieth century, an increasing share of European governments consider the level of fertility in their country too low. At the macro level, the trend of fertility decline has contributed substantially to the acceleration of population ageing which has become a key challenge to Europea...
Article
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Despite the rise in maternal employment in Europe between 1970 and the 2000s, women’s labour market positions continue to depend much more strongly on family formation than those of men. The available literature on educational gradients in maternal employment is largely based on cross-sectional comparisons. This study is among the first to decompos...
Article
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La mise en couple tardive est considérée comme l’un des principaux canaux par lesquels le contexte économique et la situation vis-à-vis de l’emploi influent sur la fécondité. L’article s’appuie sur des données individuelles longitudinales issues des deux premières vagues de l’enquête française Étude des relations familiales et intergénérationnelles...
Book
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Current demographic trends raise new questions, challenges and controversies. Comparing demographic trends in Europe and the NAME-region (North Africa and the Middle East), this book demonstrates how population change interacts with changing economic landscapes, social distinctions and political realities. A variety of drivers contribute to demogra...
Article
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Background: A key feature of the Generations & Gender Programme (GGP) is that longitudinal micro-data from the Generations and Gender Surveys (GGS) can be combined with indicators from the Contextual Database (CDB) that provide information on the macro-level context in which people live. This allows researchers to consider the impact of socio-cultu...
Article
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Background: Although the association between fertility and education is central to several theories of fertility behaviour and is frequently explored in empirical work, educational differentials in childlessness and cohort parity progression have been scarcely documented and few cross-country comparisons have been made. Objective: This article ex...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The impact of policy uptake on childbearing has hitherto largely been neglected in most contributions. This paper studies the impact of leave-taking for the first child on second birth hazards in Belgium, France and Germany using a shared frailty approach which allows to control for unobserved heterogeneity. Results show a positive relation between...
Conference Paper
Full-text available
The decline of period fertility below the replacement level in the early 1970s and 1980s in many European countries was largely driven by the postponement of family formation to older ages, which was in turn induced by increasing enrolment of younger generations in education and increasing female labor force participation in a context characterized...
Article
Full-text available
Objectives: The economic crisis that emerged after 2008 caused speculation about further postponement of fertility and a recession-induced baby-bust in countries affected by the economic downturn. This paper aims to disentangle short-term and long-term effects of economic context on entry into parenthood and explores variation of postponement and...

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