Jon C. Day

James Cook University | JCU · College of Science and Engineering

Synopsis Over recent years, recognition of the need to develop climate-smart marine spatial planning (MSP) has gained momentum globally. In this roundtable discussion, we use a question-and-answer format to leverage diverse perspectives and voices involved in the study of sustainable MSP and marine conservation under global environmental and social...

This report describes the outcomes from an application of the Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI) for the St Kilda WH property, the first application undertaken anywhere in the world for a mixed heritage property (i.e., recognised for both natural and cultural values). The CVI workshop for St Kilda: + involved property managers, researchers and repre...

Planning of marine areas has spread widely over the past two decades to support sustainable ocean management and governance. However, to succeed in a changing ocean, marine spatial planning (MSP) must be ‘climate-smart’— integrating climate-related knowledge, being flexible to changing conditions, and supporting climate actions. While the need for...

This paper addresses an acknowledged knowledge gap by exploring both impact and risk in an African cultural context. It is the first paper to assess the same methodology at two very different site types in two very different regions. It provides a bottom-up, values-based and community focused approach to understanding climate risk. It therefore pre...

Seagrass is an important natural attribute of 28 World Heritage (WH) properties. These WH seagrass habitats provide a wide range of services to adjacent ecosystems and human communities, and are one of the largest natural carbon sinks on the planet. Climate change is considered the greatest and fastest‐growing threat to natural WH properties and ev...

Recent trends for rapidly establishing large protected areas demonstrate ongoing global interest in protected our remaining natural environments. However laudatory, these efforts rely on a significant, but uncertain assumption: that this protection will be effective. Unfortunately, many past efforts have been ineffective due to numerous types of im...

Climate Vulnerability Index Assessment for the Old and New Towns of Edinburgh World Heritage property

Climate Vulnerability Index Assessment for the Antonine Wall component of the Frontiers of the Roman Empire World Heritage property.

Climate Vulnerability Overview of Scotland's World Heritage properties

Integrated management (IM) has been widely proposed, but difficult to achieve in practice, and there remains the need for evaluation of examples that illustrate the practical issues that contribute to IM success or failure. This paper synthesises experiences of academics and practitioners involved in seven Australian case studies in which there hav...

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are key tools in addressing the global decline of sharks and rays, and marine parks and shark sanctuaries of various configurations have been established to conserve shark populations. However, assessments of their efficacy are compromised by inconsistent terminology, lack of standardized approaches to assess how MPAs...

Summarizes the four Australian World Heritage properties that include coral reefs; the Great Barrier Reef, the Lord Howe Island group, Shark Bay and the Ningaloo Coast.

This chapter provides a brief overview of zoning in the GBR, but concentrates mainly on the Representative Areas Program (RAP) and the concurrent GBR-wide rezoning that led to the 2003 Zoning Plan. There were no precedents for the innovative policy process that involved all levels of government, a variety of industries whose livelihoods depended on...

Climate change has been identified as the fastest-growing threat to World Heritage (WH) and many WH properties are already experiencing related effects. The High Coast/Kvarken Archipelago WH property reflects a landscape that is already constantly changing – post-glacial land uplift means today there is 1% more land than there was in 2006. However...

Online article in The Conversation - available at https://theconversation.com/we-all-know-the-great-barrier-reef-is-in-danger-the-un-has-just-confirmed-it-again-195551

Abstract Climate change is increasingly threatening World Heritage (WH) properties and their Outstanding Universal Value (OUV). Climate change impacts the attributes that collectively contribute to the OUV; these attributes can be natural (e.g., seagrass) or cultural (e.g., monuments). A recent UNESCO report showed that seagrass habitats within WH...

In a collaboration between the UK Government’s Department for Digital, Culture, Media & Sport (DCMS) and the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC), the Global Challenges Research Fund (GCRF) Urgency Grants invited proposals from researchers using innovative approaches to address the impacts of natural disasters and climate change on tangible...

This paper reviews the concept of governance in protected areas, providing details about nine key principles of governance as they relate to marine protected areas (MPAs). Following a theoretical description of each principle, real-world examples of the principles are presented from the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) Marine Park, where marine governance...

Nature Ocean Sustainability

Climate change is a major risk to World Heritage (WH) and many sites are already experiencing impacts from climate change related hazards. This report outlines the results of applying the Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI) to Sukur Cultural Landscape, a WH property in northeastern Nigeria. The CVI methodology is a technique to assess rapidly the vul...

The Yuku-Baja-Muliku (YBM) people are the Traditional Owners (First Nation People) of the land and sea country around Archer Point, in North Queensland, Australia. Our people are increasingly recognizing climate-driven changes to our cultural values and how these impact on the timing of events mapped to our traditional seasonal calendar. We invited...

UNESCO World Heritage properties are the Earth's most exceptional places, significant for natural and/or cultural heritage. The values for which they are internationally recognised are impacted by various threats, the foremost of which is climate change. Responding to this global-scale threat is confounded by the vast number and diverse types of pr...

Climate change is recognised as the fastest growing threat to World Heritage (WH) properties by ICOMOS and the IUCN. The Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI) was first piloted at the Natural WH property of Shark Bay, Western Australia in 2018; the first application to a Cultural WH property took place in April 2019 at the Heart of Neolithic Orkney in...

The online article was published in The Conversation. It can be viewed at the hyperlink: https://theconversation.com/the-1-billion-great-barrier-reef-funding-is-nonsensical-australians-and-their-natural-wonder-deserve-so-much-better-175924

Many coastal and marine ecosystems around the world are under increasing threat from a range of anthropogenic influences. The management of these threats continues to present ongoing challenges, with many ecosystems increasingly requiring active restoration to support or re-establish the ecosystem's biological, cultural, social and economic values....

The Aldabra Atoll World Heritage property is among the largest atolls in the world and its remote location has resulted in a high level of biodiversity and endemism. Aldabra Atoll was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1982, in recognition of its Outstanding Universal Value (OUV). This report describes outcomes from an application of P...

Consistency in conservation Marine protected areas (MPAs) are now well established globally as tools for conservation, for enhancing marine biodiversity, and for promoting sustainable fisheries. That said, which regions are labeled as MPAs varies substantially, from those that full protect marine species and prohibit human extraction to those that...

The online article was published in The Conversation. It can be viewed at the hyperlink: https://theconversation.com/not-declaring-the-great-barrier-reef-as-in-danger-only-postpones-the-inevitable-164867

Federal environment Minister Sussan Ley wrote an opinion article saying the Great Barrier Reef didn't deserve to be the poster child for climate change perils. We disagree. https://theconversation.com/is-australia-really-doing-enough-for-the-great-barrier-reef-why-criticisms-of-unescos-in-danger-recommendation-dont-stack-up-163641

https://theconversation.com/australian-government-was-blindsided-by-un-recommendation-to-list-great-barrier-reef-as-in-danger-but-its-no-great-surprise-163159

Real-world examples of transformative environmental policy reform are rare. An example of such reform at an ecosystem-wide scale is the policy process that led to the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Zoning Plan 2003. The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is the largest coral reef ecosystem on the planet, and the GBR rezoning is widely regarded as a valuable...

This report describes outcomes of the first workshop of key international Wadden Sea experts representing different scientific and academic sectors centred around the OUV of the property, held in Hamburg, Germany (10–11 February 2020). This workshop applied the first phase of the Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI) for the Wadden Sea. The CVI is a me...

https://theconversation.com/severely-threatened-and-deteriorating-global-authority-on-nature-lists-the-great-barrier-reef-as-critical-151275

Ecosystem based management, spatial orientation, a multilevel policy framework and integration have all been identified as essential components of effective marine spatial planning (MSP). Integration has been noted by researchers and through international forums as being essential to achieve effective oceans governance. However, integrated policy a...

The Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI) is a rapid assessment tool custom-designed for application in World Heritage properties. This report describes outcomes from its application for the Shark Bay, Western Australia property. Vulnerabilities of the World Heritage values and attributes, and of the community associated with the property were each ass...

Protecting demographic connectivity is a challenge because the patterns of dispersal are poorly understood and are spatiotemporally stochastic. Nevertheless, the principles of representative systematic conservation planning allowed the Great Barrier Reef to protect connectivity of key fishery species, even without direct data.

Max Day (1915–2017) entomologist, scientific diplomat and conservationist, was a national scientific leader across the twentieth century, a time that spanned the rise of the idea of the environment and of concern about ecological limits. He was a pioneer in Australia of integrated, cross-disciplinary science and an important advocate of evidence-ba...

Climate change is the fastest-growing global threat to the world's natural and cultural heritage. No systematic approach to assess climate vulnerability of protected areas and their associated communities has existed-until now. The Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI) is scientifically robust, transparent, and repeatable, and has now been applied to v...

Climate change is the fastest-growing global threat to the world's natural and cultural heritage. No systematic approach to assess climate vulnerability of protected areas and their associated communities has existed-until now. The Climate Vulnerability Index (CVI) is scientifically robust, transparent, and repeatable, and has now been applied to v...

Australia has just submitted its 2019 State Party Report of the Great Barrier Reef to UNESCO. This was in response to a decision made by the World Heritage Committee in 2017 that included a request that Australia provide such a report by Dec 2019. The latest report does provide a wealth of information, but it fails to provide an useful summary of t...

The development of this second edition of these guidelines was in part a response to evidence of the widespread incorrect application of the categories to marine protected areas (MPAs). Marine management and sustainable fisheries management are critical elements of good oceans management, but are not the same as protected areas management, where th...

The 2019 Great Barrier Reef Outlook Report (OR) contains an assessment of the heritage values of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) including its World Heritage (WH) values. This assessment is required under the GBR Marine Park Regulations and is produced by the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority every five years. This review report, commissioned b...

When the managers of the Great Barrier Reef recently rated its outlook as very poor, a few well-known threats dominated the headlines. But delve deeper into the 2019 Outlook Report and you’ll find that this global icon is threatened by a whopping 45 risks. The most publicised main threats relate to climate change and poor water quality, and are un...

https://theconversation.com/from-shark-bay-seagrass-to-stone-age-scotland-we-can-now-assess-climate-risks-to-world-heritage-119643

Ecosystem based management, spatial orientation, a multilevel policy framework and integration have all been identified as essential components of effective marine spatial planning (MSP). Integration has been noted by researchers and through international forums as being essential to achieve effective oceans governance. However, integrated policy a...

In the face of climate change, warming oceans, and repeated mass coral bleaching, coral reef conservation is at a timely crossroads. There is a new urgency to support and strengthen a rich history of conservation partnerships and actions, while also building toward new actions to meet unparalleled global threats. The goal of this white paper is to...

The world's coral reefs are rapidly transforming, with decreasing coral cover and new species configurations. These new Anthropocene reefs pose a challenge for conservation; we can no longer rely on established management plans and actions designed to maintain the status quo when coral reef habitats, and the challenges they faced, were very differe...

This chapter provides a brief overview of the current GBR Marine Park zoning and other key management tools used in the Marine Park. Also provides a summary of the rezoning program (the Representative Areas Program) that led to the current zoning. It is one of 32 chapters in the 2nd edition of the book "The Great Barrier Reef: Biology, Environment...

This article develops an integration framework to analyse MSP practices across several Baltic Sea Region cases studies as well as cases studies from Australia (Great Barrier Reef) and the US (Rhode Island). While integration has been universally adopted as a policy principle to strive for, there is confusion about what it means, how to do it and wh...

This article develops an integration framework to analyse MSP practices across several Baltic Sea Region cases studies as well as cases studies from Australia (Great Barrier Reef) and the US (Rhode Island). While integration has been universally adopted as a policy principle to strive for, there is confusion about what it means, how to do it and wh...

Marine Protected Areas

Systematic conservation planning (SCP) has increasingly been used to prioritize conservation actions, including the design of new protected areas to achieve conservation objectives. Over the last 10 years, the number of marine SCP studies has increased exponentially, yet there is no structured or reliable way to find information on methods, trends,...

Systematic conservation planning (SCP) has increasingly been used to prioritize conservation actions, including the design of new protected areas to achieve conservation objectives. Over the last 10 years, the number of marine SCP studies has increased exponentially, yet there is no structured or reliable way to find information on methods, trends,...

Marine conservation actions are promoted to conserve natural values and support human wellbeing. Yet the quality of governance processes and the social consequences of some marine conservation initiatives have been the subject of critique and even human rights complaints. These types of governance and social issues may jeopardize the legitimacy of,...

Large-scale marine protected areas (LSMPAs) are rapidly increasing. Due to their sheer size, complex sociopolitical realities, and distinct local cultural perspectives and economic needs, implementing and managing LSMPAs successfully creates a number of human dimensions challenges. It is timely and important to explore the human dimensions of LSMPA...

A hundred research priorities of critical importance to protected area management were identified by a targeted survey of conservation professionals; half researchers and half practitioners. Respondents were selected to represent a range of disciplines, every continent except Antarctica and roughly equal numbers of men and women. The results analys...

Background The Great Barrier Reef (GBR) is the world’s most iconic coral reef ecosystem, recognised internationally as a World Heritage Area of outstanding significance. Safeguarding the biodiversity of this universally important reef is a core legislative objective; however, ongoing cumulative impacts including widespread coral bleaching and other...

Table S2. Scale-based levels of threat.

Table S1. Key threats/pressures impacting species within the Great Barrier Reef.

Although focused on aiding managers, these Guidelines are for anyone involved in supporting Large scale MPAs (LSMPAs) or the communities that hold an interest in them. It is hoped these Guidelines will also assist new LSMPAs from the earliest design phase, and enhance the management of existing LSMPAs from planning and implementation through ongoin...

This unpublished book about of the life and career of Dr Max Day is Supplementary Material for Robin, L with Day, MF (2017). Changing Ideas about the Environment in Australia: Learning from Stockholm. Historical Records of Australian Science 28(1) 37 - 49. In Robin's abstract, she writes "It is..very rare to find an individual like Max Day, whose...

This short orbituary remembers Dr Max Day who passed away aged 101 after a life devoted to science. During his career, Max was also a champion for both the environment and Australian forestry. More about his life and career can be found at https://ceh.environmentalhistory-au-nz.org/wp-content/uploads/Compilation-for-100th-birthday_Max-Day_18Dec2015...

The Representative Areas Program (RAP) was, at the time, the most comprehensive process of community involvement and participatory planning for any environmental issue in Australia. The RAP was a key component of the widely acclaimed rezoning of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park, and although completed in 2003, many lessons learned are still relev...