John Winterdyk

Mount Royal University | MT Royal · Department of Justice Studies

This paper explores how colonialism still influences the laws and their application regarding sex trafficking and slave trade in India, tracing its developments from the British era to its present-day implications in the current anti-trafficking legislation. In colonial India, prostitution was predominantly perceived as an organised trade requiring...

There is no corner of the world where crime cannot be found. Increasingly, conventional crimes are being compounded by transnational crimes which know no borders. Concern for public safety and security nationally, regionally, and internationally have increasingly becoming an international issue and concern. This has been reflected in the 16th of th...

Editorial by John Winterdyk & Christina Zarafonitou. Special issue “Human trafficking and Urban Safety: Exploring pathways to prevention, protection, partnerships, and beyond”, Vol.3, Issue 1, May 2022, “Urban Crime. An International Journal”.

Canada has a rich and diverse criminal justice system. Before its colonization by mostly Europeans, Canada’s Aboriginal peoples had their unique model of justice. As has been well documented, the Aboriginal people practiced what is now commonly referred to in the criminological and criminal justice literature as ‘restorative justice.’ However, beca...

Educating young people on the risks of forced labour is not only one of the most critical duties in eradicating human trafficking, but due to its clandestine nature, it is also one of the most challenging. Drawing on practical experiences in Colombia, the authors exalt the value of integrating co-creation and innovation tools to promote a more effe...

The Epilogue begins by describing the ambiguity of the meaning of human trafficking (HT) before offering a review of the 4P's that represent the primary responses to combatting HT. A brief reference is then made to a 'new' P-participation-and how it can play an essential role in fighting HT. The article then notes that there remains a dearth of res...

This handbook is an international, comprehensive, reference tool in the field of trafficking in people and slavery. It covers everything from historical perspectives to cutting-edge topics to provide a high-level and systematic examination of the field which is at the forefront of both research and practice. It has an impressive breadth of entries...

Studies involving illegal gambling in sports are important, though most lack a theoretical framework. The current study examines illegal gambling in sports using a mediational model of General Strain Theory. This features a survey of three-hundred and ninety-two (n = 392) gamblers in Rasht, Iran. Results indicate that participants who experience su...

Trafficking in persons is one of the most complex and challenging problems faced by the world today. The United Nations has attempted to build a global momentum to combat this crime, commencing with the 1949 Convention for Suppression of the Traffic in Persons, and the millennial Convention against Transnational Organized Crimes and its Protocol (a...

Human trafficking is perceived to be a "moral evil" obligating every state to prevent and protect the current and future victims. Such an obligation attains higher priority when victims are children. There is a global consensus that child trafficking is one of the most inhumane forms of trafficking where children are traded as commodities to be exp...

This book is an international, comprehensive reference tool in the field of trafficking in people and slavery. It is both at the forefront of research and of practice. It provides a high level, systematic and comprehensive book due to its breadth of entries from leading experts, to international organisations, and to NGOs on the ground, covering ev...

This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the research and programs related to Indigenous youth crime across four jurisdictions with significant Indigenous populations (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States). The chapter itself has been organized into several sections in order to more readily provide readers with a conceptua...

This contribution represents a synopsis of the discussions held over two days in plenary and groups at the Oñati International Institute for the Sociology of Law. The first group’s discussions centred on detailed recommendations for updating the EU Anti-Trafficking Directive with justifications from the expert groups as to the reasons for the chang...

The presentation/paper focuses on the challenges and necessity of building capacity at local, national, and international levels with a focus of how to more effectively combat trafficking in human beings (THB). Insight from several of initiatives are shared with the aim of illustrating how to capitalize on the vast number of opportunities that alre...

The Introduction begins with an outline of what human trafficking entails and the international and regional legal regime as it currently stands. It contends that human trafficking occurs across the globe, requiring international, regional and local responses that incorporate different actors, both state and non-state. The ten contributions in the...

Despite increasing awareness of human trafficking in Canada (and internationally), there is limited knowledge about how local communities are responding to the experiences of trafficked persons. By focusing on the case of counter-trafficking responses in a major city in western Canada, this project represents the first Canadian attempt to document...

Even though migration has been seen as an expression of people's willingness to overcome adversity to find and live a better life within the complex socio-political and diverse world of today, it has become a problematic phenomenon in Canada, and elsewhere. Aside from definitional challenges, the illegal movement of people presents a wide range con...

Historically, Canada's corrections system was influenced by former colonial affiliation with England. The British North America Act of 1867 laid the skeleton framework for the correctional model in Canada today. As evidenced in virtually every other jurisdiction around the world, Canada's adult and juvenile correctional philosophy and practices hav...

The predicament of juvenile delinquency for most nations, including that of the Balkan region at large, has been something of an enigma ever since juvenile justice legislation was first introduced. In recent years, juvenile delinquency in the Balkans has not only been increasing but its gravity has also trended upward and added to the burden of a s...

Juvenile delinquency and its relationship to the complex contemporary challenges that confront (certain) young people remain an enigma for many national juvenile justice systems (JJS). One exception to this global trend is Norway, which has experienced low levels of youth crime even though it processes youth within the adult criminal justice system...

Malgré la sensibilisation accrue en matière de la traite des personnes au Canada, les connaissances portant sur la manière dont les communautés réagissent à l’expérience des victimes sont limitées. En se concentrant sur les interventions de lutte contre la traite des personnes à Calgary, en Alberta, ce projet représente la première tentative canadi...

In-custody deaths have garnered considerable attention in recent years, both within Canada and internationally. This study represents the first examination of death-in-custody cases across three provinces - Alberta, British Columbia, and Ontario - between 2000 and 2009. To provide context, the article reviews deaths in custody in several internatio...

This Special Issue of the International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies is distinctive on a number of levels. First, not all the articles speak directly to families and/or children, as is the case with virtually all articles that appear in this journal. But they do all speak to the issue of crime prevention that directly and/or indirectl...

This study examined risk and protective factors for criminal reoffending behaviour among a group of Canadian young people who had committed at least one substantive criminal offence in the past and fell into one of four ethnic groups: (a) Canadian born, parents Canadian born; (b) Aboriginal/Métis; (c) first or second generation immigrant, Caucasian...

In the aftermath of 9/11, concerns surrounding global security have elevated to unprecedented levels. As a result, most Western democracies have taken significant steps to heighten border and national security. Moreover, most of these nations have commissioned public relations campaigns to highlight their post-9/11 security efforts. Australia and C...

This book investigates the phenomenon of racist victimization in a number of countries, uncovering and analyzing its historical roots, its relation to the legal system in a particular national context, its extent and the response to it. Through the international comparative approach adopted and the broad geographical range of studies presented, inc...

Human trafficking is a crime that undermines fundamental human rights and a broader sense of global order. It is an atrocity that transcends borders - with some regions known as exporters of trafficking victims and others recognized as destination countries. Edited by three global experts and composed of the work of an esteemed panel of contributor...

In response to the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and subsequent global ‘War on Terror’, on December 12th, 2003 Canada consolidated its customs, immigration, and food inspection services into the Canadian Border Services Agency (CBSA). This paper examines how the establishment of the CBSA, along with other North American post‐9/11 security reforms, have...

Responses from a survey of gang management strategies were collected from U.S. prison systems holding 1.19 million inmates. The results provided insight into the prevalence of gang members in prisons, gang structure, as well as the strategies used to manage the threat that these groups pose. Officials from most prison systems reported an increase i...

This special issue focuses on a crime that has been classified by the United Nations as the third most profitable crime in the world — human trafficking (Fichtelberg 2008). 1 The international contributions in this issue cover a range of key social, economic, political and legal issues as they relate to human trafficking. The genesis for this colle...

While there is considerable descriptive information on identity theft and identity fraud originating from a few countries, there is a dearth of information about people's knowledge and awareness of identity theft and their potential risk of becoming a victim. This study measured the self-reported perception and awareness about the nature, risk and...

Several recent reports have recognized identity theft as a major concern to law-enforcement agencies and the judicial system in Canada. While there is considerable descriptive information on identity theft and identity fraud in Canada, there is a dearth of information about peoples' knowledge and awareness of identity theft and their potential risk...

The smuggling of migrants is not a new phenomenon but in recent years it has attracted increasing international attention. Within the European context, Greece represents a unique case because of its social, economic, political and geographical location. Drawing on a variety of information sources, such as interviews with the police, official statis...

A true experimental design with 60 male probationers, ages 13-16, was used to evaluate the viability of an Ontario-based 21-day wilderness adventure program as an alternative for adjudicated juveniles placed on probation. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group and an experimental group. The experimental group was subdivided into 3 g...

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Simon Fraser University, 1987. Bibliography: leaves 226-244. Microfiche.