John W. Santrock

• The University of Texas at Dallas

Self-help materials have become a prime source of psychological advice for millions of Americans. While many self-help resources provide high-quality information, others may be misleading, inaccurate, or even harmful. This indispensable volume reveals which are the good ones, which are the bad ones, and why. Based on the results of 5 acclaimed nati...

Two experiments were designed to evaluate the importance of social comparison processes in sibling and peer interaction. The primary focus in Experiment I was to assess the influence of the social comparison process on the social behavior of a male child within the context of mother-sibling interaction and during subsequent peer interaction. Forty...

Two experiments are reported investigating the hypothesis that differences in either absolute or socially compared nurturance would affect children's subsequent levels of material self-gratification. Ss were four- and fiveyear- old children. There were 40 Ss in Experiment I, 56 in Experiment II, with equal numbers of boys and girls in each experime...

[The authors] obtained the self-help book ratings of more than 500 experts in clinical and counseling psychology. [This guide] can be used effectively by both mental health professionals and the lay public. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)

Reviews the book, Interventions for Children of Divorce: Custody, Access, and Psychotherapy (2nd ed.) by William F. Hodges (1991). In this book author attempts the mammoth task of reviewing the appropriate research and then deducing what the most viable interventions are with children of divorce. Hodges' review spans such important topics as the de...

Seventy-three sibling pairs between the ages of 4 and 11 years were videotaped for 30-min at thier school. Sessions were coded using both a continous 20 s behaviorally based time sample and overall ratings of the quality of sibling relationship. A maximum likehood factor analysis extracted 6 factors: Power/Status, Teach/Help, Cinflict, Positive Ton...

This investigation focused on the effects of divorce on the nature of adolescent possible future selves, marital expectations, and self-reported problems. The subjects were 48 adolescents, ages 13 to 15 years, and their mothers. Half of the adolescent subjects came from intact and half from divorced families; and half were males and half were femal...

Provides a historical background on the general effects of divorce, reviews several research studies of the effects of divorce on adolescents, suggests areas in greatest need of research (including the effects of father custody and joint custody as well as developmental consequences), and describes some of the methodological problems evident in pri...

A selective and critical review of research focused on adolescents in divorced families is provided. Three traditions of research on adolescents in divorced families are portrayed-family sociological, clinical, and quasi-experimental, developmental. These traditions are evaluated on seven research criteria, examples of each tradition are presented,...

73 children 7-8 years old were videotaped as they interacted with a sibling in cooperative, competitive, and neutral situations. The effects of 4 factors-the children's birth order (first- or second-born), the age spacing of the dyad (1-2 or 3-4 years), the children's sex, and the siblings' sex-on the 7-8-year-olds' behavior were explored. Firstbor...

Parents' custodial status is an important factor mediating children's perspectives on divorce.

Two experiments examined affect-dependent memory with preschool/kindergarten and third-grade children. A two-list intentional learning procedure was used to assess the effects of the congruent versus incongruent relationship between affect (happy vs sad) during initial list learning and affect (happy vs sad) during a delayed recall test. When induc...

The effects of remarriage on the parent's and the child's social behavior were studied by comparing 12 children whose biological mothers remarried with 12 children whose mothers were divorced but had not remarried and 12 children from intact, father-present families. Half the children were boys and half were girls, aged 6-11 years. Families were ma...

Evaluated the importance of social comparison processes in sibling and peer interaction. Experiment I assessed the influence of social comparison on male children during mother-sibling interaction and subsequent peer interaction. Experiment II assessed the influence of social comparison during peer interaction on female children's subsequent intera...

An experiment on memory with 5-year-old children tested the hypothesis that a change in affect between input and test interferes with performance in a nominally noncued free recall test but not with performance on cued recall test. Affect at input was manipulated through an experimenter's behavior as well as the affective tone of stories in which 1...

The possibility that teacher ratings of children may indicate a stereotype on the part of teachers was investigated by showing 30 teachers a videotape that focused on the social interaction of an 8-yr-old boy. Half of the teachers were given a background information sheet indicating that he was from a divorced home, while the other half were told h...

The relation of (1) reason for father's absence (whether by death or by divorce) and (2) age of onset of father absence to teacher ratings and doll play interview scores of masculinity-feminity, aggression and dependency-independence were examined. (MS)

Three components of a situation--the ecological setting, the child's cognition, and the social agent--were imbued with positive, neutral, or negative affect to determine if they were functionally related to the continued maintenance of performance at a motor task by 108 1st and 2nd graders. Maintenance of performance is discussed in terms of facili...

Performed 5 experiments with 232 4-yr-olds to test the hypothesis that the evaluations and affective responses which accompany ongoing behavior may operate as reinforcers and punishers, thus exercising control over the persistence of those behaviors. Results show that (a) children persisted longer when they labeled work at a motor task as fun rathe...

Investigated the effects of social comparison upon 96 4- and 5-yr-old children's subsequent task perseveration, attention to task, and self-confidence. Ss, from a middle-class nursery school, were 6 pairs of boys and 6 pairs of girls for each of 4 experimental conditions. Ss in the negative social comparison condition attended less efficiently to,...

The moral behavior, moral judgment and moral affect of 120 preadolescent boys were examined and teacher ratings of moral behaviors and feelings were also obtained. Factor analysis of data indicated no support for a trait of morality. (GO)

30 pairs of preschoolers and 30 pairs of second graders participated in pairs (as performers and observers) in a picture discrimination problem. In separate treatments given in the acquisition phase, (1) neither S verbalized, (2) the performer verbalized correct picture names, or (3) the observer verbalized correct picture names. Analyses of the ch...

Explores the role of the older male sibling as a potential surrogate male role model for father-absent children, using 66 impoverished black preschool boys and girls. The variables of masculinity-femininity, aggression, and dependency were assessed by 2 instruments, the doll-play interview, and the maternal interview. Ss with older male siblings we...

Examined resolution of E. Erikson's 1st 4 developmental crises among 45 father-absent and father-present predominantly lower-class white 5th grade males by using a teacher rating sheet of basic trust, industry, guilt, shame, and inferiority. Father absence in the 0-2 yr. old period resulted in less basic trust than absence in the 3-5 yr. old period...

The effects of paternal absence, and its relationship to older siblings and a father substitute, on the dependency, aggression, and masculinity-femininity of 60 preschool Negroes were assessed by structured doll-play and maternal interviews. Preschool father-absent (FA) boys were significantly more feminine, less aggressive, and more dependent than...

briefly review and critique the prior research on family relations in stepfather families, with particular emphasis on findings regarding the stepfather-child relationship turn to our own research investigation of stepfather families stepfathers and remarried mothers / stepfathers and never-divorced family fathers / stepfathers and stepmothers...

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Minnesota. Bibliography: leaves 92-96.

Traducción de: Children Título en la cubierta: Infancia: psicología del desarrollo Tr. de la 7a ed. en inglés Contenido: 1. Introducción; 2. La ciencia del desarrollo del niño; 3. Comienzos biológicos; 4. Desarrollo prenatal; 5. Nacimiento; 6. Desarrollo físico en la primera infancia; 7. Desarrollo cognitivo en la segunda infancia; 8. Desarrollo so...

Incluye bibliografía e índice Traducción de: Educational psychology

Traducción de: Children Incluye bibliografía e índice

Traducción de: Adolescence Incluye bibliografía e índice