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I'm just an intellectual gadabout hoping to chip into the commonweal. I devote professional efforts toward https://www.SpecialEducationToday.com/. Join me there.
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December 2016 - present
August 1976 - July 1978
Education
September 1973 - December 1976
Publications
Publications (165)
There is a growing awareness that novice teachers in particular are in need of support and additional professional learning and development (PLD), especially in the area of classroom management. Yet there is limited information regarding effective approaches for building novice teachers' skills related to classroom management. To address this gap,...
Research indicating many study results do not replicate has raised questions about the credibility of science and prompted concerns about a potential reproducibility crisis. Moreover, most published research is not freely accessible, which limits the potential impact of science. Open science, which aims to make the research process more open and re...
Research indicating many study results do not replicate has raised questions about the credibility of science and prompted concerns about a potential reproducibility crisis. Moreover, most published research is not freely accessible, which limits the potential impact of science. Open science, which aims to make the research process more open and re...
The majority of students with disabilities and behavioral challenges are taught in general
education classrooms. Although these students may receive interventions resulting in positive
behavioral changes, little is known about the collateral effects of implementing behavior
intervention plans (BIP) on classroom peers with similar behavioral problem...
Researchers studying curriculum-based measurement of written expression have used a variety of writing prompt types and durations when establishing criterion validity of these tools. The purpose of this study was to determine through meta-analytic procedures whether any prompt type or duration was superior to others in terms of criterion validity....
Co-teaching is a widely used service delivery model for special education with significant variability in implementation. In this exploratory study, we examine a three-element model for instruction in co-teaching that is meant to reduce this variability and evaluate its implementation by three secondary co-teaching teams. Changes in teacher instruc...
Students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) present some of the greatest challenges faced by educators, and experience some of the most problematic outcomes. To increase the likelihood that students with EBD will be successful in school and in life, practitioners should implement effective interventions. Trustworthy research is the prima...
Students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) present some of the greatest challenges faced by educators, and experience some of the most problematic outcomes. To increase the likelihood that students with EBD will be successful in school and in life, practitioners should implement effective interventions. Trustworthy research is the prima...
The Center for Open Science (COS) will create an ECR Data Resource Hub to facilitate rigorous and reproducible research practices such as data sharing and study registration. The Hub will integrate training materials, infrastructure, community engagement, and innovation in research to advance rigorous research skills and behavior across the STEM ed...
In this manuscript, we (a) briefly describe proposed open-science practices to increase transparency of research in special education and related disciplines, and (b) provide recommendations for research funders, professional societies, journal editors and publishers, and individual researchers to support awareness, exploration, and adoption of ope...
In this manuscript, we (a) briefly describe proposed open-science practices to increase transparency of research in special education and related disciplines, and (b) provide recommendations for research funders, professional societies, journal editors and publishers, and individual researchers to support awareness, exploration, and adoption of ope...
Scientific evidence should guide the selection of practice for individuals with disabilities. Scientific evidence, however, must be trustworthy to move special education toward greater empirical certainty and more effective policies and practices. Transparency, openness, and reproducibility increase the trustworthiness of evidence. We propose that...
Scientific evidence should guide the selection of practice for individuals with disabilities. Scientific evidence, however, must be trustworthy to move special education toward greater empirical certainty and more effective policies and practices. Transparency, openness, and reproducibility increase the trustworthiness of evidence. We propose that...
Vocabulary knowledge is vital for students’ success in school and beyond. However, students with disabilities and others who consistently score below their peers on various measures of vocabulary knowledge have difficulties in secondary-level content area courses. Because many students with disabilities are now educated primarily in general educati...
We used meta-analysis to examine the criterion validity of four scoring procedures used in curriculum-based measurement of written language. A total of 22 articles representing 21 studies (N = 21) met the inclusion criteria. Results indicated that two scoring procedures, correct word sequences and correct minus incorrect sequences, have acceptable...
We examined whether a group contingency increased engagement during elementary school physical education sessions. The intervention employed procedures (explicit instruction, goal setting, and reinforcement) drawn from the first tier of classwide function-related intervention teams (CW-FIT; Wills et al., 2009). Results showed salutary increases in...
Behavior management issues may impede learning in physical education (PE), yet there is a paucity of evidence-based behavior-management programs studied in the PE environment to assist PE teachers to be better prepared to handle these issues. Classwide-function intervention teams (CW-FIT) is a group contingency procedure for managing student behavi...
We assessed the reporting of treatment integrity in school-wide prevention programs in K-12 schools. This review was designed to determine (a) the extent to which treatment integrity was reported in school-wide prevention and intervention programs and how the reporting varied by research design, year, and journal; and (b) the procedures (e.g., meth...
Since 1966 when we began our careers in special education, we and others in our cohort have seen substantial changes in our discipline. In our personal experience, we had the opportunity to work together in situations that led us to focus on practices and procedures that produced better outcomes for our students, and better outcomes for students be...
a b s t r a c t There are many open questions with respect to theory and empirical support for methods used in college teaching, especially when technology is incorporated into instruction. In this article, we report the results of a study of a multimedia-based instructional tool called Content Acquisition Podcasts (CAPs) that pro-vides university...
Universal design for learning (UDL) is a framework that is commonly employed for guiding the construction and delivery of instruction intended to support all students. In this study we employed a related model to guide creation of a multimedia-based instructional tool called content acquisition podcasts (CAPs). CAPs delivered vocabulary instruction...
CIERA Inquiry 2: Home and School Which pre-literacy and literacy skills do children demonstrate in fall and spring of their preschool year? Which pre-literacy and literacy skills specifically relate to dichotomous teacher predictions of later reading difficulty? This report examines the teacher-reported early literacy behaviors of 2,759 preschool c...
The purpose of this experimental study is to investigate the effects of using content acquisition podcasts (CAPs), an example of instructional technology, to provide vocabulary instruction to adolescents with and without learning disabilities (LD). A total of 279 urban high school students, including 30 with LD in an area related to reading, were r...
We review the concept of response to intervention (RtI) as it is being applied to emotional and behavioral disorders (EDB) in the early part of the 21st century, examining how it differs from and incorporates features of other approaches to addressing those problems, including pre-referral interventions, applied behavior analysis, functional behavi...
Using National Education Longitudinal Study (NELS) data, researchers examined the reading growth rates of secondary students who had been retained between kindergarten and 8th grade and those of a matched comparison group of students who had never been retained (n = 878 in each group). Descriptive statistics and latent growth models revealed that t...
ABSTRACT— Although many articles have addressed the relationship of neuroscience and education at a theoretical level, none has considered as a practical matter how one integrates neuroscientific data into a behavioral theory that uses hypothetical constructs. We describe 4 techniques by which researchers may do so: (a) direct observation of hypoth...
Integrative reviews are an important method for understanding research in the field of special education. Reviews can help practitioners decide what methods to use in the classroom, researchers clarify directions for new research, and policymakers guide education improvement programs. We discuss the steps for conducting an integrative review, illus...
The field of learning disabilities has a past that it will never escape, but it has a future that, if it is predicated on the better parts of its past, will allow the field to continue to contribute to education, including education of students who do not have learning disabilities. Research generated under the auspices of learning disabilities has...
Decoding unknown words when reading text is a necessary tool of skilled readers. Beginning readers need repeated opportunities to develop decoding ability. We investigated whether explicitly teaching essential components of beginning reading instruction promoted first graders' skill in decoding pseudowords. We employed a multiple- baseline design a...
Co-teaching–general and special education teachers teaching together in a general education classroom–is frequently offered as a means of promoting inclusion of students with disabilities in the general education curriculum but few researchers have examined the context in which special educators co-teach. Six special educators at the middle school...
We examined co-teaching in secondary classrooms by interviewing and observing special education teachers in co-taught and special education classrooms. Using qualitative methods and a grounded theory (constant-comparative) method of data analysis, we identified salient, recurrent patterns that suggested a description of co-teaching definitions, rol...
This report examines the teacher-reported early literacy behaviors of 2,759 preschool children who participated in a state-supported, early intervention preschool program. Preschool teachers (N = 240) completed the Literacy Competence Checklist for all children in their classes. Teachers reported growth in childrens literacy behaviors from Fall to...
This article discusses critical issues related to conducting high-quality intervention research using experimental and quasi-experimental group designs. As researchers have learned more about teaching and learning, intervention studies have become more complex. The research community is struggling with ways to sensibly negotiate a balance between r...
Describes how the Internet and the World Wide Web (WWW) have been integrated into teacher education in order to expand the use of technology in special education. Specific examples are provided showing how faculty can instruct teachers in ways to use this technology in K-12 classroom instruction. (CR)
Many different methods have been developed to remediate problems of students with disabilities. Research studies evaluating the relative effectiveness of such practices can be overwhelming to educators because of the sheer number of studies—hundreds—as well as the conflicting results produced by some investigations. In this article, we use meta-ana...
We examined 24 studies to determine the effects on word recognition and reading comprehension of correcting errors during oral reading. Corrective feedback improved students' word reading accuracy on words in lists, and accuracy in reading words in passages. Some correction procedures had greater benefits than others. Successful error correction pr...
In this chapter we examine interventions that are based on several major models. In the immediately following section we describe 4 models: cognitive theory, instructional theory, cognitive-behavioral theory, and constructivist theory. In the next major section we address 4 areas in which pupils commonly experience difficulties in the academic lear...
This study had 3 goals: (a) to identify the raters who could find adolescent girls in need of mental health services, (b) to identify the raters who could find adolescent girls eligible for special education services, and (c) to determine the relation between behavior problems and competence for hospitalized and comparison samples of girls. We obta...
Explains how meta-analysis can be used to estimate the effectiveness of various teaching strategies in special education and related services. Identifies specific interventions with combined effect sizes that indicate either effectiveness (such as mnemonic strategies, enhancing reading comprehension), promise of effectiveness (stimulant drugs, comp...
To examine the effects of a 6-week strength and proprioception training program on clinical measures of balance, and to introduce characteristics of a single-case research design that may be beneficial to the athletic training profession as both a research and a clinical tool.
A multiple baseline design across subjects was used to assess the effect...
Describes research methods used to assess social validity of the goals, procedures, and outcomes of treatments for students who have behavioral or emotional disorders and the status and usefulness of current social validation studies. Social validation is assessed either by social comparison or subjective evaluation methods, although proportionally...
We investigated the effects of two teaching variables on students' Spanish vocabulary quiz performance: (a) group study and (b) individual versus group contingencies. In Experiment 1, we compared students' quiz scores under conditions in which students either studied independently and received no programmed reinforcement or studied in groups and re...
Conducted intensive group interviews with 14 special-education and general education teachers regarding the educational placement of pupils with emotional or behavioral disorders. 1,563 teachers' comments were sorted to identify their views on recurring topics. Five major themes emerged from the interviews: (1) teachers have diverse opinions about...
In this issue of the Learning Disability Quarterly we are pleased to offer a series of five articles that form a special focus on academic instruction. We think that concern about academic aspects of learning disabilities—particularly how we can provide instruction that works—has an important place in the field of learning disabilities and that it...
