John David Collinson

Geological guide to the geology of the Southern Pennines of Yorkshire, Lancashire and Derbyshire in northern England. An account of the stratigraphy and sedimentology of the Carboniferous succession that includes platform and deep-water limestones and basin-filling clastic sequences, the Millstone Grit.

Pathways to net-zero carbon emissions pledged under the Paris Agreement rely on both CO2 reduction and removal. Under the best-case abatement scenario of anthropogenic emission, there is need for 10 Gt CO2 or more to be removed from the atmosphere annually. Geological sequestration in solid carbonates and dissolved alkalinity has the potential to s...

Most of the potential sandstone reservoirs within the Namurian and lower Westphalian succession of the Southern North Sea Basin are originally feldspathic sands in which the feldspar has mainly been altered to microporous kaolinite clays. The sandstones provide a moderate porosity (typically 8‐15%, depending mainly on grain size), but permeability...

Complex fluid distribution pattern being investigated in a shallow unconsolidated viscous oil bearing multi-layered sandstone reservoir system in North Kuwait using the "Rock Type" classification approach. These rock types are characterized by petrophysical properties that can be linked to genetic stratigraphy, depositional lithofacies, and seconda...

Predicting the presence and connectivity of reservoir-quality facies in otherwise mud-prone fluvial overbank successions is important because such sand bodies can potentially provide connectivity between larger neighboring sand bodies. This article addresses minor channelized fluvial elements (crevassesplay and distributary channels) and attempts t...

Study of the transport and deposition of sediment by rivers has a long history, originally deriving from basic engineering and agricultural necessity.The success of great antiquity, depended upon an empirical understanding of sediment behaviour. Rivers are also manifestly important agents in the development of the landscape and there is an old and...

The crystalline basement within the northern parts of the Caledonian orogen, and in the adjacent foreland, is overlain by a several-kilometer-thick succession of sedimentary and volcanic rocks, the Paleoproterozoic- Mesoproterozoic Independence Fjord Group and the Mesoproterozoic Zig-Zag Dal Basalt Formation. The lowermost strata of the Independenc...

The Western Irish Namurian Basin developed in Early Carboniferous times as a result of extension across the Shannon Lineament which probably coincides with the lapetus Suture. During the late Dinantian, axial areas of the NE‐SW elongate trough became deep, whilst shallow‐water limestones were deposited on the flanks. This bathymetry persisted into...

A recently driven sewer tunnel west of Blackburn has shown the presence of a thick turbidite sequence between the R. gracile and R. bilingue Goniatite Bands. Above the R. bilingue Band, turbidites pass up through delta slope deposits into delta top fluviatile sandstones, derived from the northeast. The section provides evidence for the westward lim...

Flume experiments with medium sand confirm the increasing complexity in the shape of small-scale current ripples with increasing flow velocity for constant depth. Experiments suggest that a measure of ripple shape (the ratio of wavelengths of transverse to streamwise features, λ-x/λ-z) has a more complex relationship with the flow property (Fr, H̄/...

The infill of a small Variscan basin shows a complex succession of lacustrine and alluvial sediments whose pattern of distribution through time appears to have changed in response to contemporaneous volcanism. Following initial deposition of pyroclastic breccias and extrusion of lavas, small lakes were established on the floor of the basin. Their i...

In the Kinderscout Grit (Namurian, R1c) of the southern half of the Central Pennine Basin, England, there occur tabular, isolated, cross-bedded sets of coarse sandstone, between 4 and 40 m thick. The sets are up to 1 km wide and the foresets, in plan, are convex in the direction of dip. The sets interfere laterally to form extensive sheets. Foreset...

The lower part of the Carboniferous Shannon Basin of Western Ireland contains a deep-water succession which exceeds 1200 m in thickness that comprises five lithologically different units deposited within a confined, relatively narrow basin: (i) a calciclastic debris-flow and turbidite unit formed by resedimentation from nearby carbonate platforms,...

This chapter is concerned with those structures that develop as a result of deformation early in the burial history of a sediment. Historical aspects, including numerous literature references, are discussed by van Loon (1992). Some structures form very soon after or even during deposition and are sometimes referred to as penecontemporaneous structu...

A study of the Carboniferous sequences in some 93 wells from onshore England to onshore Netherlands has provided data on variations of depositional styles, sandbody dimensions and petrographic composition, both through time and, in the Upper Carboniferous, across the basin. Three separate sources of sediment input are recognized: a dominant, and pe...

The Alba Field is contained within block 16/26 of the Central North Sea of the United Kingdom. This oil field was discovered in 1984 by Chevron UK Ltd with the 16/26–5 well and has been appraised by 16 wells and sidetracks. The field is currently being developed and is scheduled to achieve first production around the end of 1993. A 3-D seismic surv...

Detailed analogue dipmeter measurements have been made along a 430 m roadcut in the Upper Namurian Rough Rock at Elland in Yorkshire. A series of 21 vertical sections were measured with dip and azimuth (dip-log) readings taken every 0.2 m, which were calibrated to previously described sedimentological sections and recordings of surface natural gamm...

The Moraeneso Formation is of Late Proterozoic age and is preserved as the fills of a series of palaeovalleys. The formation is made up of conglomerates and sandstones of fluvial and aeolian origin and of a series of breccias which resulted almost entirely from gravitational mass movement down the sides of the palaeovalleys. It represents remarkabl...

Coastal cliff exposures in the Helvetiafjellet Fm. deltaic succession near Kvalvågen on eastern Spitsbergen show spectacular evidence of syndepositional, gravity-driven deformation and resedimentation associated with delta-front instability, most probably triggered by earthquakes. This short article summarizes the results of a recent study of these...

Coastal cliff exposures in the Helvetiafjellet Fm. deltaic succession near Kvalvagen on eastern Spitsbergen show spectacular evidence of syndepositional, gravity-driven deformation and resedimentation associated with delta-front instability, most probably triggered by earthquakes. This short article summarizes the results of a recent study of these...

Spectacular coastal cliff exposures in an early Cretaceous deltaic succession near Kvalvagen in eastern Spitsbergen, Norwegian Arctic, show a variety of styles of gravity-driven deformation and resedimentation associated with delta-front progradation and instability. The large-scale collapse involved a distributary-channel sand unit, some 20 m thic...

Two features of lakes stand out: the sensitivity to climate; and the variation of sedimentary facies in vertical sequences as a result of biochemical fluctuations in lake waters and shifting shorelines. These features are discussed in the following sections: diversity of present-day lakes; properties of lake water; kinetics of lake water; chemistry...

Presents details of the processes and products of present-day alluvial systems which are divided for convenience into 4 groups, namely bedload streams, alluvial fans, meandering streams and anastomosing streams. Interchannel processes and products are treated separately. Examines the array of facies present in ancient alluvial sequences and explore...

The turbidite-fronted delta of the lowest Namurian, of the Pendleian Stage of the Skipton area in the north of the Basin, shows three depth-related sedimentary associations which correspond with overlapping but distinct trace fossil assemblages. The Turbidite Association contains a Rhizocorallium-Planolites-Bergaueria assemblage on the base or top...

The Independence Fjord Group (Middle Proterozoic) of eastern North Greenland is a sequence of mainly alluvial sandstones at least 2 km thick, laid down in a cratonic basin. The sandstone sequence is broken by up to four siltstone units of wide lateral extent which are thought to record deposition in extensive but ephemeral lakes. The siltstones see...

Completion of fieldwork in the Proterozoic sediments of eastern North Greenland allows a lithostratigraphic scheme to be erected. This scheme (Table 1) modifies and formalises the informal scheme proposed earlier (Collinson, 1979).

The oldest sediments of eastern North Greenland are a series of sandstones, whose base is not seen and whose top is a surface of unconformity above which are sediments which pass without apparent break into rocks of Cambrian age. These lowest sandstones were initially included by Koch (1929) in his Thule Formation by comparison with sediments lying...

The sedimentary sequence between the Gastrioceras cancellatum Marine Band and the Rough Rock in south-east Lancashire comprises a wide range of lithologies ranging from mudstone through siltstone to ripple cross-laminated and cross-bedded medium-grained sandstones. The sequence consists broadly of two coarsening upwards sequences, each dominantly o...

Superimposed large-scale transverse bed forms are currently assigned to classes in addition to dunes. In modern rivers superimposition of the forms occurs only where the hydrological variables change rapidly with time over a large range. An analysis of the time-series of large-scale transverse forms in the Fraser River, Canada, indicates that the s...

The Røde Ø Conglomerate is a formation of red sandstones and conglomerates in the inner part of Scoresby Sund. It has an elongated north-south outcrop within an area of high-grade metamorphic rocks. It is bounded on the west by a normal fault, downthrowing to the east and dying out northwards. The sediments rest unconformably on migmatites along th...

Five facies associations are present in the basin-filling Namurian sediments (Grindslow Shales and Kinderscout Grit) of the southern Central Pennine Basin of England. Visual study of sequences fails to disclose any pattern in the occurrence of facies. A simple mathematical statistical analysis shows that patterns do occur and approximate models can...

Morphological activity of ice on the bed of the Tana River of Finnmark, Norway, during the Spring flood is concentrated into a short period of time when water stage is changing rapidly. Ice affects the bed in four ways. 1) Actual contact of the ice with the bed gouges grooves if the ice is still moving or flattens the micro-relief of the surface if...

In the summer of 1970, four weeks were spent in mapping and making sedimentological observations in the red conglomerates and sandstones (the Rødeø Conglomerate) of Rødefjord and Rypefjord area. A period of ten days was also spent looking at the Permian and (?) Carboniferous sediments of the Schuchert Flod area for comparative purposes. The fieldwo...

The greater part of the water and sediment discharge in the Tana River takes place in the weeks following the ice break-up and flood. During this time the river discharge changes rapidly with an overall falling tendency. Sand is transported as large, ripple-like bedforms, linguoid bars, though a whole hierarchy of bedforms can be recognised. These...

The coarse sandstones which fill channels cut into the upper part of the Grindslow Shales form the base of the Kinderscout Grit. They differ in character from the fills of similar channels, in the lower parts of the Grindslow Shales and in the Shale Grit, which have been interpreted as turbidites. The deposits of the higher channels are of three fa...

The Grindslow Shales and the Kinderscout Grit form the upper half of a basin filling sequence in the Namurian (Upper Carboniferous) of the Central Pennine Basin, England. The succession below the Grindslow Shales shows an upwards passage from deep basinal mudstones (Edale Shales) into proximal turbidites (Shale Grit). Fourteen facies have been reco...