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Publications (194)
Chloroplast markers (cp markers) are the useful instrument for cannabis (syn. hemp, Cannabis sativa L.) to study relationships of accessions between different geographic origins. In an alignment of three published plastomes 38 chloroplast polymorphisms were identified from which 8 cp markers were used to study relationships of 53 cannabis accession...
The modes of interactions between plants and plant-associated microbiota are manifold, and secondary metabolites often play a central role in plant-microbe interactions. Abiotic and biotic (including both plant pathogens and endophytes) stress can affect the composition and concentration of secondary plant metabolites, and thus have an influence on...
Comfrey Symphytum officinale L. (true comfrey) and S. × uplandicum Nyman (a hybrid between S. asperum Lepech × S. officinale L., Russian comfrey) are used externally for the treatment of pain, inflammation and swelling of muscles and joints in degenerative arthritis, in acute myalgia, sprains, contusions and strains after accidents. Besides plant s...
Cistus (Cistaceae) comprises a number of white- and purple-flowering shrub species widely distributed in the Mediterranean basin. Within genus Cistus, many taxa are subject to various taxonomic uncertainties. Cistus creticus, a prominent member of the purple-flowered clade, is a prime case of the current taxonomic troubles. Floras and databases app...
Pinus cembra, stone pine, is an Alpine coniferous tree rich in aromatic compounds. Twigs with needles are used commonly to produce essential oils for various purposes in pharmacy, food industry, and cosmetics. Hydrolates as byproducts of hydrodistillation encounter increasing interest owing to their aromatic properties. The variabilities in the com...
Herbal teas of fiber-type hemp varieties (Cannabis sativa L.) rich in cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) and cannabidiol (CBD) and poor in Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol acid (THCA) and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) are very popular today. The conditions for preparing herbal infusions are not well standardized and analysis of the lipophilic cannabinoids in infusio...
This investigation focused on the qualitative and quantitative composition of polyphe-nolic compounds of Mediterranean northern shore Cistus creticus and six further, partly sympatric Cistus species (C. albidus, C. crispus, C. ladanifer, C. monspeliensis, C. parviflorus, C. salviifolius). Aque-ous extracts of 1153 individual plants from 13 countrie...
Matricaria chamomilla L. (GRIN; The Plant List 2013) is an important medicinal plant and one of the most frequently consumed tea plants. In order to assess mitochondrial genome variation of different cultivated chamomile accessions, 36 mitochondrial SNP markers were used in a HRM (high resolution melting) approach. In thirteen accessions of chamomi...
Marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) is an aromatic plant of the same genus as oregano, but with a completely different flavour, characterized by the ‘marjoramy’ monoterpenes cis- and trans-sabinene hydrate as well as terpinen-4-ol, an artefact arising from the two compounds mentioned before. Marjoram has also an undesired compound (arbutin). However, m...
Oregano is an aromatic herb characterized by the phenolic monoterpenes carvacrol and/or thymol. The typical oregano taste is found in – and commercially exploited from – many different species, mainly from the genus Origanum, but also from other genera. Commercially, the most important oreganos from the genus Origanum are O. vulgare subsp. hirtum,...
The closely related Dalmatian sage (Salvia officinalis L.), Spanish sage (Salvia officinalis subsp. officinalis (Vahl) Gams, syn. S. lavandulifolia Vahl) and Greek, Turkish or three-lobed sage (S. fruticosa Mill., syn. S. libanotica Boiss. & Gaill., S. triloba L.) are in commercial terms amongst the most important species of the very species-rich g...
Pollen sterility (PS) in mother lines is crucial for hybrid crossings in plant breeding. 21 di- (2x) and tetraploid (4x) accessions of the hermaphroditic chamomile were screened for spontaneous, thermic or gametocide induced PS. Two crossing trials with the dip-loid accessions 'Bona' (BON) and 'Hungary 2' (HUN2) should specify maternally inher-ited...
The genus Cistus is taxonomically complex, as taxonomic classification of individual species based on morphological criteria is often difficult and ambiguous. However, specific species contain valuable natural products, especially terpenoids and polyphenols, which exert various biological effects and might therefore be used for treatment of a broad...
Matricaria chamomilla L. (chamomile, Asteraceae) (GRIN, The Plant List 2013) has a long history of usage in traditional herbal medicine and is still today amongst the most important medicinal plants. Despite this importance, genetic diversity of cultivated and wild germplasm of M. chamomilla was rarely investigated so far. The objective of this stu...
The agricultural sector of medicinal (including plant stimulants) and aromatic plants is characterized by an enormous number and diversity of species. Only a few of them can be considered cultivated crops in which significant breeding efforts are made. For most species, however, breeding is performed in short-term projects only. Therefore, basic kn...
A glycopeptide fraction (GPF) from internal organs of green sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis Müller, Strongylocentrotidae) has been reported to be an effective bronchitis treatment. In this study, we evaluated the pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution of GPF, following single and repeated intranasal (i/n) administration over the cou...
Premise of research. Self-incompatibility (SI) is a frequent mechanism of plants to avoid self-pollination. Pollen esterases (EC 3.1.1.2) play an important role in pollination by enabling the penetration of pollen tubes through the cutin layer (cutinases). Therefore, their composition could contribute to SI. To test this hypothesis, esterase activi...
The roots and leaves of Cochlospermum planchonii and C. tinctorium are widely used in Burkina Faso as medication for malaria treatment. The cochloxanthins, carotenoids, are - at least partially - responsible for the antimalarial activity of Cochlospermum spp.. Because of large variation of cochloxanthin contents in rhizomes and leaves of Cochlosper...
Major research contributions in ethnopharmacology have generated vast amount of data associated with medicinal plants in Burkina Faso. Despite the relatively abundant literature on local medicinal plants supported by an institutional environment in favor of promoting traditional medicine, any national pharmacopoeia document or monographs on antimal...
Background:
The mycotoxin zearalenone (ZEN) causes functional and morphological alterations in reproductive organs of pigs. In the field, diagnosis of ZEN-induced disorders is often challenging, as relevant feed lots are no longer available, or feed analysis results are not conclusive. Here, we report a field case of hyperestrogenism in newborn pig...
In Arnica montana L. (Asteraceae) two subspecies are described, A. montana subsp. atlantica (AMA), present only on the Iberian Peninsula and A. montana subsp. montana (AMM) with a very wide distribution area. The morphological differences between the two subspecies are small and variable. Therefore, this concept is sometimes questioned. To establis...
Zusammenfassung: 30 Populationen (235 Einzelpflanzen) von zypriotischem Cistus creticus L. wurden hinsichtlich ihrer Polyphenol-Variabilität analysiert. Zu den wichtigsten identifizierten Verbindungen zählten Punicalagin und Punicalagingallat sowie verschiedene Glykoside von Myricetin (mit der Hauptverbindung Myricetin-3-O-Rhamnosid) und Quercetin...
The sector of botanicals is characterized by the huge number of species found in products on the market. Some governments issue positive and negative lists of plants in order to create legal certainty and to increase safety of those products. The most advanced positive list in Europe is the BELFRIT-List with 991 species in 594 genera, co-ordinate b...
The object of this chapter is a short review of appropriate methods for the identification and authentication of plant materials and the quantification of bioactive compounds having physiological (or toxicological) relevance. The quality control of a botanical can be applied to raw material, a derivative (extract) or an ingredient of a commercial p...
Both the application of official/published methods and the development of a novel analytical protocol need specific guidelines for their validation. Methods developed for quality controls of botanicals could be classified as: (1) phytochemical assays, and DNA-based identification; (2) methods for the identification and quantification of specific co...
Quality control of drugs consists of identifying the raw material to avoid unwanted admixtures or exchange of material as well as looking for abiotic and biotic contaminations. So far, identity and microbial contamination are analyzed by separate processes and separate methods. Species identification by their DNA (“DNA barcoding”) has the potential...
The wide distribution of Valeriana officinalis as a herbal remedy as well as the considerably higher concentration of putative mutagenic valepotriate metabolites in other drug-delivering valerian species like Valeriana procera Kunth and Valeriana jatamansi Jones ex Roxb. illustrate the necessity of secure authentication of roots of Valeriana offici...
The absorption and metabolism of phytogenic feed additives in poultry is studied related to the metabolism and deposition of their main compounds in tissues intended for food production. Fifty-six non-sexed Ross 308 broilers were allocated to seven dietary treatments and fed a diet containing graded levels of thyme
(Thymus vulgaris L.) essential oi...
The genus Rhaphithamnus (Verbenaceae) consists of two species, one in South America and another endemic to the Juan Fernández archipelago, Chile. The genus represents an example of anagenetic speciation in which the island populations have diverged from their colonizing ancestors to the point where they are recognized as a distinct species. The isl...
The principal aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition and qualitative and quantitative variability of essential oils obtained from seven naturally grown populations of the Pinus peuce Grisebach, Pinaceae in Kosovo. Plant materials were collected from three populations in the Sharri National Park and from four other populations in...
Aerial parts of Satureja montana L. (Lamiaceae) were collected from seven growing wild populations (four populations in Kosovo, two in Albania and one in Montenegro) in 2013 with the aim of assessing the natural variation in the chemical composition of the essential oils, total flavonoids, total phenolics and the antioxidant activity of their metha...
The variation in the chemical composition and content of the essential oil was examined in four Origanum vulgare accessions: 1- Origanum vulgare L. ssp. vulgare (=Ovu), 2- Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum (Link) letswaart (=Ohi), 3- Origanum vulgare L. ssp. viride (Boiss.) Hayek (=Ovi) and 4- Origanum vulgare L. ssp. viride (Boiss.) Hayek x O. major...
Pinus mugo Turra, is a native pine species in central and southern Europe, growing in high mountains area (altitudes 1.800–2.300 m.a.s.l.). In Kosovo, it is one of the native pines too, distributed in high altitudes in the Sharri Mountains and Albanian Alps Mountains. Its populations represent an important wealth of essential oil resources availabl...
Effect of reduced light intensity (minus 26%) on trichomes characteristics and herb yield responses of three subspecies of Origanum vulgare (ssp. vulgare, ssp. hirtum (Link) letswaart and ssp. viride (Boiss.) Hayek) and a hybrid (ssp. viride (Boiss.) Hayek x O. majorana L.) was investigated. It was found that the investigated genotypes showed diffe...
Ripe cones of Juniperus communis L. (Cupressaceae) were collected from five wild populations in Kosovo, with the aim of investigating the chemical composition and natural variation of essential oils between and within wild populations. Ripe cones were collected, air dried, crushed, and the essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation. The essential...
Premise of the study:
For the economically important species Calendula officinalis, a fast identification assay based on high-resolution melting curve analysis was designed. This assay was developed to distinguish C. officinalis from other species of the genus and other Asteraceae genera, and to detect C. officinalis as an adulterant of saffron sa...
Masterwort (Peucedanum ostruthium, syn. Imperatoria ostruthium, Apiaceae) is an old economic plant in Alpine countries cultivated as ornamental plant and used for spirits and in folk medicine. Peucedanum ostruthium is a species that has often been confused with related Apiaceae species or morphologically similar roots or tubers resulting in product...
Oceanic islands provide many opportunities for examining modes of speciation in endemic plants, especially using modern molecular methods. Most speciation has been by either cladogenesis, usually resulting in radiated complexes, or anagenesis, yielding single transformed species. Previous genetic studies with available molecular markers, representi...
The present study focuses on development of phytochemical methods for quality assessment of two West-African Cochlospermum species (Cochlospermum planchonii and Cochlospermum tinctorium) traditionally used for malaria treatment in Burkina Faso. Antimalarial activity of preparations from dried rhizomes (decoction) was tested against the chloroquine-...
Adaptive radiation is a common mode of speciation among plants endemic to oceanic islands. This pattern is one of cladogenesis, or splitting of the founder population, into diverse lineages in divergent habitats. In contrast, endemic species have also evolved primarily by simple transformations from progenitors in source regions. This is anagenesis...
To achieve a detailed chemical characterization and to find the changes in the composition the volatiles of Lavandula latifolia, Salvia lavandulifolia and Thymus mastichina were analyzed through GC-FID/MS and a total of 47, 48 and 48 compounds were identified, respectively. 1,8-cineol+limonene was the main compound in the three species. Three extra...
The antioxidant activity and phenol content of 14 populations of Thymus mastichina grown in an experimental plot, was analyzed by DPPH, FRAP and Folin-Ciocalteu method to define their antioxidant activity. Polyphenols were analyzed by HPLC-DAD and the relationship between polyphenols and antioxidant capacity was established. Populations means for D...
Primula veris L. (Primulaceae) is a long lived perennial and well known pharmaceutical plant, widely collected for these reasons in almost all SE Europe and particularly in Kosovo. The aim of the study is to determine molecular polymorphism of cowslip (P. veris L.) populations from Kosovo. DNA extracted from leaves were investigated in details for...
The major effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) colonization on plant growth, monoterpenoids and coumarins were determined in two genotypes of angelica (Angelica archangelica L., Apiaceae). Genetically uniform experimental plants were used, which was achieved by in vitro propagation of two genotypes (individual plants). The effects of Glomu...
Primula veris L. (Primulaceae) is a long lived perennial and well known pharmaceutical plant, widely collected for these reasons in almost all SE Europe and particularly in Kosovo. The aim of the study is to determine molecular polymorphism of cowslip (P. veris L.) populations from Ko-sovo. DNA extracted from leaves were investigated in details for...
A common mode of speciation in oceanic islands is by anagenesis, wherein an immigrant arrives and through time transforms by mutation, recombination, and drift into a morphologically and genetically distinct species, with the new species accumulating a high level of genetic diversity. We investigate speciation in Drimys confertifolia, endemic to th...
Primula veris L. is a well known pharmaceutical plant, what for it is widely collected in all SE Europe, particularly in Kosovo. Our aim is to determine a molecular polymorphism of its populations from Kosovo. Leaves extracted DNA was investigated in details for presence of polymorphism. RAPD analyses were conducted using 20 different short primers...
This study analyses and compares the genetic signatures of anagenetic and cladogenetic speciation in six species of the genus Robinsonia (Asteraceae, Senecioneae), endemic to the Juan Fernández Islands, Chile.Population genetic structure was analyzed by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and microsatellite (simple sequence repeat, SSR) m...
Vier Origanum vulgare Subspezies wurden in einem Gefäßversuch unter zwei Mikroklimabedingungen bei unterschiedlicher Lichtintensität kultiviert. Es wurden die morphologischen Merkmale von Drüsentrichomen sowie die Zusammensetzung des ätherischen Öls untersucht. Es wurde festgestellt, dass die Dichte und der Durchmesser von Drüsentrichomen sowie die...
Primula veris L. (Primulaceae) is a long lived perennial, a well known pharmaceutical plant, which is widely collected for these reasons in almost all SE Europe, and in particular in Kosovo. The aim of this study is to determinate a molecular polymorphism characterization of cowslip (P. veris L.) populations from Kosovo and Austria and seek the pos...
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi penetrate the cortical cells of the roots of vascular plants, and are widely distributed in soil. The formation of these symbiotic bodies accelerates the absorption and utilization of mineral elements, enhances plant resistance to stress, boosts the growth of plants, and increases the survival rate of transplanted...
Aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) were collected from five wild populations in Kosovo, with aim to investigate the chemical composition and natural variation of essential oils between wild populations. This species could be considered of economic potential as it is widespread in Kosovo, on the other hand H. perforatum is one of...
Aerial parts of Hypericum perforatum L. (Hypericaceae) were collected from five wild populations in Kosovo, with aim to investigate the chemical composition and natural variation of essential oils between wild populations. This species could be considered of economic potential as it is widespread in Kosovo, on the other hand H. perforatum is one of...
Notopterygium roots (Qiang Huo) have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating colds, inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, and as an analgesic. The anti-inflammatory activity of the roots of Notopterygium incisum has been evaluated by testing the inhibitory activity on nitric oxide production by inducible nitric oxide synth...
This investigation was aiming at the phytochemical characterisation of Origanumvulgare subsp. vulgare from Austria. To study the qualitative and quantitative composition of essential oil compounds 374 individual plants were analysed via GC. The volatiles of Austrian O. vulgare subsp. vulgare were found to be complex mixtures of 53 mono- and sesquit...
The volatile compounds from roots, stems, and leaves of Valeriana hardwickii and Valeriana officinalis were obtained by microdistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC–FID) and gas chromatography–mass spectometry (GC–MS). In V. hardwickii, sixty-two, thirty-one, and thirty-one components were identified representi...
Oregano (Origanum vulgare L., Lamiaceae) is a medicinal and aromatic plant maybe best known for flavouring pizza. New applications e.g. as natural antioxidants for food are emerging due to the plants' high antibacterial and antioxidant activity. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of Origanum vulgare (GenBank/EBML/DDBJ accession number: JX880022)...
The genus Artemisia, small herbs and shrubs, is one of the largest and most widely distributed genera of the Compositae family. Members of this genus have a characteristic scent or taste, have botanical and pharmaceutical interest (1, 2). The aim of this research was to compare the total phenolic contents, antioxidant activities (2,2-diphenyl-1-pic...
DNA-based methods to proof identity are becoming increasingly popular. In a routine laboratory it would be desirable to have only as few as possibly different protocols. Therefore we tested the applicability of only one standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol in nine different plant species, five different DNA extraction methods and three...
