Johanne Saint-Charles

Université du Québec à Montréal | UQAM · Department of Social and Public Communication

Objective: Conducting participatory research (PR) aimed at improving health implies considering inequitable power relations, including those related to sex/gender (S/G). This necessitates specific skills and methods and may be challenging especially since guidelines are scarce. Our objective was to perform a scoping review to provide a typology of...

Given the enormous global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Canada, and manifold other zoonotic pathogen activity, there is a pressing need for a deeper understanding of the human-animal-environment interface and the intersecting biological, ecological, and societal factors contributing to the emerge...

Resumo A Ecosaúde usa abordagens participativas e transdisciplinares com o intuito de compreender as inter-relações entre os componentes dos sistemas socioecológicos e como estas interações influenciam a saúde das populações humanas. O objetivo do artigo é usar a Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS) para entender o papel das relações de colaboração entre...

Ecohealth uses participatory and transdisciplinary approaches to understand the relationships between the components of socio-ecological systems and how these interactions influence the health of human populations. This article aims to use Social Network Analysis (SNA) to understand the role of collaborative relationships between the various actors...

Several studies have shown that discourse and social relationships are intertwined and co-evolve. However, we lack theoretical models to explain the phenomenon. Inspired by recent work in ecology, we propose to model socio-semantic networks as an interaction between two intermingled data generating processes: a social community process and a docume...

Bringing together considerations from three research trends (honest signals of collaboration, socio-semantic networks and homophily theory), we hypothesise that word use similarity and having similar social network positions are linked with the level of employees’ digital interaction. To verify our hypothesis, we analyse the communication of close...

Bringing together considerations from three research trends (honest signals of collaboration, socio-semantic networks and homophily theory), we hypothesise that word use similarity and having similar social network positions are linked with the level of employees' digital interaction. To verify our hypothesis, we analyse the communication of close...

Background and Objective: Weight-related behaviors are determined by multiple individual and contextual factors, with recent evidence implicating personal social networks (PSNs). Greater understanding of these relationships could help inform healthy weight promoting interventions. We conducted a feasibility study among youth at risk of obesity to d...

Some moderation strategies of online content have targeted the individuals believed to be the most influential in the diffusion of such material, while others have focused on censorship of the content itself. Few approaches consider these two aspects simultaneously. The present study addresses this gap by showing how a socio-semantic network analys...

Work activity ergonomics (sometimes called francophone ergonomics) draws heavily on observation in order to support transformation of work to arrive at better health without interfering with productivity. Recently, ergonomists have attempted to integrate gender into their interventions. At the same time, ergonomists have been observing and document...

The second edition of this book contains 32 chapters divided into 4 main sections that discuss the theoretical foundations of One Health; methods, skills and perspectives for the practice of One Health; the application of One Health in infectious and non-infectious diseases and governance and capacity building, all of which are related to the globa...

The aim of this paper is to propose how different visions of the group and of meetings are linked to the objectives of meeting facilitation interventions. It answers to the problem of the lack of integration between scientific studies and “know-how” publications. After having shown the importance of groups and meetings in organised environments and...

Communities of practice (CoPs) are groups of people who work together on an ongoing basis and share knowledge and expertise. CoPs exist both within and outside of organizations, although extra-organizational CoPs have received less evaluation attention. The primary objective of this study was to assess the applicability of a multi-level, multiple v...

By telling the story of the development of the field of human communication at Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), we show how the institutionalization of communication studies depends upon the meeting of scholarly programs in both human communication and media communication. We then propose a definition of the object of study of human communic...

The aim of this article is to examine the impacts of incorporating sex and gender (s/g) analysis in integrated knowledge translation (iKT) initiatives in the field of ergonomics and occupational health. The article presents findings based on a retrospective analysis of twelve intervention-research (IR) studies, including a thematic content analysis...

The Université du Québec à Montréal has signed agreements with community groups providing access to help with research and training initiatives. In this context, a union-university partnership performed research aimed at improving occupational health and gender equality. Over its 17-year lifetime, researchers responded to twenty union requests for...

Largely supported by international donors, participatory initiatives are multiplying in Africa, to such an extent that some observers refer to a new “tyranny of participation”. The challenges associated with participatory democracy are even more acute in developing countries. In a context where the notion of civil society in these countries remains...

Cet article vise à mieux comprendre pourquoi certains groupes religieux s’impliquent plus que d’autres dans les questions qui connectent l’environnement et la santé. Nous analysons les représentations sociales des groupes catholiques et évangéliques de communautés riveraines en Amazonie brésilienne. À partir de verbatim d’entretiens semidirigés con...

Dogs have been an integral part of the Inuit social and cultural environment for generations, but their presence also generates public health risks such as bites and exposure to zoonotic diseases such as rabies. In Nunavik, Canada, some prevention and control interventions targeting dogs have been implemented but have not demonstrated their effecti...

In this study, we explore longitudinal tendencies of rural smallholder livelihoods in the Tapajós River region, in the area of influence of the BR-163 following two lines of inquiry: 1) have livelihoods changed since the early 2000s and if so, 2) how have they changed? Drawing on participant observations, life history interviews and cross-sectional...

Praised for its potential to stimulate creativity and innovation and to facilitate dealing with complex issues, interdisciplinary may also impair goal attainment and generate group conflicts. This study combines a large literature review and a case study of a workgroup having successfully benefit from its interdisciplinarity to reach its goal. We p...

We describe a Community of Practice focused on capacity strengthening across higher education institutions in the complex field of ecosystem approaches to health. Incubated through the co-design of a Canada-wide intensive face-to-face course, the Community of Practice generated a teaching manual with flexible formats to extend our reach to other a...

Knowledge creation and organizational communication are fundamental assets to obtain strategic competitive advantage. For example, the analysis of employees’ digital communication styles has been shown to help the prediction of engagement levels and future business performance. Accordingly, this study explores possible drivers of internal digital c...

Low-wage work and rigid atypical schedules reduce workers’ leeway to manage their work/family interface, resulting in high levels of work/family conflict and in health issues. Faced with these inflexible conditions and a lack of formal work/family measures, workers rely primarily on informal practices where relational dynamics with coworkers and ma...

Political ecology pushes back against the apolitical and ahistorical ecologies frequently found in mainstream scientific accounts of nature and the environment, and has increasingly focused on how scientific knowledge is 'socially constructed.' In this article, we argue for political ecological engagement with the highly influential knowledge-to-ac...

Adopting a socio-semantic perspective, this study aims to verify the relation between social influence and discourse similarity networks in workgroups and explore its modification over time. Data consist of video transcripts of 45 3-h group meetings and weekly sociometric questionnaires. Relation between tie strength, actor centrality within the in...

Whether or not official work/family balance measures exist within an organization, scheduling accommodations often go through informal channels involving colleagues and superiors and are negotiated within interpersonal relationships. This study examines the relationship dimensions of the scheduling strategies of cleaners working atypical hours in t...

The continuing worldwide struggle for decent working conditions is under intense economic, social, and political pressures. Women are particularly affected by these pressures because of their still-tenuous position in the service sector, in lowprestige, low-paid occupations. In addition, their occupational health issues are often overlooked or mini...

L’influence positive du soutien organisationnel par le biais d’attitudes et de pratiques favorables à la conciliation travail-famille (CTF) est largement reconnue. En revanche, peu d’études ont porté un regard spécifique sur les dynamiques entourant ces pratiques au sein de milieux où une organisation inflexible du temps de travail complique la man...

Les horaires atypiques imposés compliquent la conciliation travail-famille (CTF), particulièrement lorsqu’ils sont associés à un travail impliquant un bas salaire, un faible contrôle sur le travail, ou du temps partiel involontaire. Un nombre grandissant de travailleuses et de travailleurs sont exposés à ces horaires, mais peu d’études se sont inté...

Au Nunavik, les politiques publiques relatives aux chiens sont calquées sur celles du sud du Québec et ne tiennent pas compte des normes ni des pratiques culturelles des Inuit. Ces politiques appellent des pratiques génératrices de tension et les interventions relatives aux chiens qui s’y appuient obtiennent, au mieux, un succès mitigé. Prenant en...

A key capacity for engagement in the emerging field of ecohealth is the ability to work collaboratively. Between 2008 and 2010, the Canadian Community of Practice in Ecosystem Approaches to Health collectively designed and delivered three foundational, intensive, field courses. This paper presents findings derived from both quantitative and qualita...

This paper summarises the results and achievements of an 8-year participatory research project (Caruso Project) carried out in the Tapajós Basin, representing the joint efforts of Brazilian and Canadian researchers in the study of the environmental dynamics of mercury, as well as the health effects on the fish-eating communities. It coupled scienti...

Social networks are a significant way through which rural communities that manage resources under common property regimes obtain food resources. Previous research on food security and social network analysis has mostly focused on egocentric network data or proxy variables for social networks to explain how social relations contribute to the differe...

The relevance of coordinating primary, secondary and tertiary levels of prevention is increasingly acknowledged by scholars and practitioners. Developing integrated prevention practices also offers an opportunity to take into account sex/gender (s/g) so as to offset the common inequities at each level of prevention. A review of current scientific l...

In order to address complex environmental problems, the recognition and integration of different sources of knowledge are often required. To do so, new approaches have been developed. The ecosystem approach to health is one such new way. It combines participatory research and transdisciplinarity and involves the meeting of multiple stakeholders tha...

We examined if smallholders that immigrated to the Amazon over the last 40 years (highway-era families) and households with historical ties to the region (rubber-era families) adopt different livelihood activities and land-use/ land-cover (LULC) patterns, in four communities along the Tapajós River in the Brazilian Amazon. Using quantitative data,...

Les approches ecosystemiques de la sante (AES) reconnaissent l’interdependance de la sante humaine et animale, de la sante des ecosystemes et de la societe. Dans cet article, nous nous pencherons particulierement sur la transdisciplinarite, l’un des six principes associes a ces approches. L’objectif general de cet article est d’explorer comment la...

Regime shifts describe the sometimes rapid and abrupt changes of a system to an alternative stable state, whereby the structure of the system is changed. Shifts are often triggered by an external event and involve the crossing of a critical threshold. The notion of regime shifts is well documented in the systems ecology literature but has rarely be...

The theme of connections has been integral to the field of ecohealth since its inception. At its core, ecohealth is about relationships and systemic interactions between issues, topics and approaches that are too often treated in isolation. As a central theme for EcoHealth 2014, the 5th biennial conference of the International Association for Ecolo...

Resilience thinking and ecosystems approaches to health (EAH), or ecohealth, share roots in complexity science, although they have distinct foundations in ecology and population health, respectively. The current articulations of these two approaches are strongly converging, but each approach has its strengths. Resilience thinking has developed theo...

This forum paper proposes a reflection on the "field of ecohealth" and on how best to sustain a supportive environment that enables the evolution of diverse partnerships and forms of collaboration in the field. It is based on the results of a preconference workshop held in October 2012, in Kunming, China at the fourth biennial conference of the Int...

Among studies on emerging leadership in groups, communication theories have mostly focused either on the structure of the network of interpersonal relationships, or on discourse content. However, these communicational aspects of leadership are not independent from one another. Using a socio-semantic approach, this study aims to understand their int...

Through different social networks, an individual interacts with others and these interactions can help him or her develop opinions, while these incite him or her to interact more with others who think alike. Building on diffusion, sensemaking, and social movements theories, we explored the dynamics between social relationship, influence, and sensem...

When an environmental conflict occurs, the information people have access to play a crucial role in how the conflict develops. Through a case study of an ongoing conflict related to a highly contested wind farm in Québec (Canada), this paper focuses on how the news of the project was announced by the developer and on how it was then diffused by dif...

Dans le cadre d'un programme de recherche interdisciplinaire sur l'alimentation traditionnelle et les contaminants, des groupes de discussion ont été réalisés à l'été 2008 auprès des communautés atikamekw d'Obed jiwan et de Manawan (Québec) afin de documenter les changements qu'elles ont observés chez les animaux chassés et pêchés et d'obtenir une...

Through a case study in Québec (Canada), this paper focuses on the changes induced to the social structure of a community by a conflict related to a wind farm. Data were gathered through interviews and sociometric questionnaires with 93 people involved in the public hearings process. The conflict brought about the deterioration of 3 relationships p...

T his chapter presents what we regard as critically important aspects of incorporating sex and gender into environmental health research and interventions. The ideas presented here are based on our research on the diffusion of new knowledge and practices regarding health problems asso-ciated with environmental contaminants in Latin America. Our res...

Ce chapitre présente des aspects de la prise en compte du sexe et du genre qui nous apparaissent déterminants pour la recherche et l'in-tervention en santé environnementale. Nos réflexions sont issues de nos recherches sur la diffusion de nouvelles connaissances et pratiques en Amérique latine dans le cadre de problématiques de santé relatives à de...

Women report fewer injuries than men when they are young, but report a higher proportion of professional diseases later in life (35 years +). Understanding early work conditions that lead to postponed health outcomes is necessary if we are to prevent women's injury as well as men's. Introduction to work and safe integration programs are often put f...

The formulation and communication of fish advisories are highly complex because of the potential conflict between the nutritional and toxicological issues associated with fish consumption. Government and organization-sponsored fish advisories have had limited success in changing behaviors. Participatory approaches may enhance the understanding of c...

Social and ecological processes and underlying drivers related to mercury mobilization and exposure: the case of the Tapajos River region, Brazilian Amazon. In the Tapajos River region of the Brazilian Amazon, deforestation and slash-and-burn agricultural practices are primary drivers of mercury mobilization from the tropical soils. Through erosion...

The intimate interdependence of human health and the ecosystems in which we are embedded is now a commonplace observation. For much of the history of public health, this was not so obvious. After over a century of focus on diseases, their biologic causes and the correction of exposures (clean water and air) and facilitation of responses (immunizati...

This research aimed to better understand the gap between journalists and scientists in the context of the media coverage of an environmental issue in Québec (Canada). Through in-depth interviews with journalists and scientists, we were able to identify different sources of frustration felt by both protagonists, notably the question of the scientist...

This study seeks to shed light on the relationship between the situation and the activation of specific relationships. We hypothesized that the type of uncertainty present in a situation would prompt people to call upon different relationships based on different types of trust: cognitive trust for expertise and affective trust for friendship. We el...

Video Lottery Terminals (VLT) are associated with pathological gambling and with most of the requests for help in combating gambling addiction. Embeddedness of a person in his or her social network is among the communicational factors that may help explain this phenomenon. To verify this, we compared ego networks of VLT gamblers, of gamblers of gam...

Information exchanges, debates, and negotiations through community social networks are essential to ensure the sustainability of the development process initiated in participatory research. The authors analyze the structural properties and robustness of a discussion network about mercury issues in a community in the Brazilian Amazon involved in a p...

En dépit du consensus social québécois sur l’égalité de fait à atteindre, l’histoire de l’émancipation des femmes reste à parachever. Sur le marché du travail, les échelons supérieurs des organisations, tant privées que publiques, demeurent la prérogative des hommes qui occupent, dans une proportion très élevée, les postes les plus influents dans l...

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Abstract

Effective involvement and equity in participation between men and women and the various community groups are likely to influence the equity in the sharing of the development outcomes of any participatory research project. The CARUSO project, a participatory research based on the ecosystem approach to human health, showed that the inhabitants from B...

Thèse (Ph. D.)--Université du Québec à Montréal, 2001. Comprend des réf. bibliogr.

Thèse (M.A.)--Université du Québec à Montréal, 1993. Comprend des réf. bibliogr.