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Introduction
I do comparative research on vocational education and adult learning, mainly on EU countries. Currently, I am coordinating a large EU project on the future of vocational education and training (VET) for CEDEFOP. I am editing a special issue on the future of VET for an educational research journal, a book on skill formation in CEE countries, and the third International Handbook of Lifelong for Springer (see projects).
I don’t reply to RG messages; please write to joerg.markowitsch@3s.co.at
Publications
Publications (108)
This study examines changes in the way that knowledge, skills and competence are differentiated in curricula, and how learning is organised across different learning sites: in classrooms, workshops or laboratories, and at workplaces. The study collected information through Cedefop’s ReferNet network, in-depth country case studies, and an online sur...
Building on the findings of Cedefop’s research project ‘The changing nature and role of VET in Europe’ (2015–18), this article outlines the development and transformation of European VET over the last two decades. Exploring change from epistemological-pedagogical, institutional and socio-economic perspectives, the research not only illustrates the...
The aim of this article is to explore methodological issues related to scenarios on vocational education and training (VET). In particular, we examine the extent to which VET scenarios depend or build on generalizable future expectations (“myths of the future”) or archetypes of the future. The analysis builds on a review of recent methodological li...
Die jüngere Expansion der Schweizer Berufsbildung lässt sich als eine Phase der ‚Differenzierung‘ charakterisieren, in der ab etwa der 1990er Jahre die Diversifizierung des Angebots sowie die Anschlussfähigkeit in den Hochschulbereich im Zentrum stand. Der Beitrag fokussiert auf diese Phase der Expansion und setzt diese in Beziehung zur Entwicklung...
Wird die berufliche Bildung in Europa angesichts der Informatisierung der Gesellschaft, der Polarisierung des Arbeitsmarkts, des allgemeinen Trends zur Höherqualifizierung sowie der zunehmenden Bedeutung allgemeiner Kompetenzen immer mehr zum Randphänomen? Oder erlebt die berufliche Bildung durch die Etablierung höherer Berufsbildung sowie vereinte...
Comparative studies on ‘apprenticeships’ in Europe increasingly cover a variety of programmes previously not considered under this heading. The paper explores the potential of a new, combined cultural-historical and functional classification of apprenticeships on the basis of their underpinning training logic. Four main logics are discussed which c...
Das Berufsbildungssystem in Österreich ist seit einigen Jahren stark in Veränderung: Zu seinem Kern, der schulischen Berufsbildung (BMS und BHS) und der dualen Ausbildung (Lehre), kommen zunehmend Angebote hinzu, die schwerpunktmäßig Erwachsene adressieren. Die Berufstätigkeit wird zugunsten einer neuerlichen Ausbildungsphase (Stichwort: Mehrfachqu...
Future Developments in Vocational Education and Training in Europe. Report on reskilling and upskilling through formal and vocational education training
Jörg Markowitsch & Günter Hefler (3s, Vienna)
Abstract
Contrary to general education, vocational education and training (VET) has been an area of cooperation from the very beginning of the Europe...
Comparative studies on 'apprenticeship' in Europe increasingly cover a variety of programmes previously not considered under this heading, which has led to new confusions. The paper explores the potential of a new, functional classification of apprenticeship schemes on the basis of their underpinning training logic. It is argued that the typology c...
The International Journal for Research in Vocational Education and Training (IJRVET) is a double blind peer-reviewed journal for VET-related research. This journal provides full open electronic access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the science community and the public supports a greater global exchange of k...
Context: Vocational education and training (VET) is expected to be designed for creating learning outcomes which meet the needs for skills and competences in the labour market. Hence, identifying current and upcoming skill requirements and ensuring that these requirements are incorporated into education has long been the subject of academic and pol...
Purpose
The aim of this paper is to clarify the concept of “school quality management culture” in relation to the general notion of “school organizational culture” and to review empirical studies which scrutinized the relation between organisational culture and quality management practices in education and business.
Design/methodology/approach
T...
Volume 1: Conceptions of vocational education and training: an analytical framework This research paper is the first in a series produced as part of the Cedefop project The changing nature and role of VET (2016-18). The aim of the paper is to review scholarly attempts to define or explain vocational education and training and to develop a theoretic...
The main rationale of this study is to provide greater clarity on the different types of apprenticeship scheme that currently exist in the EU plus Iceland and Norway and their key features. For the purposes of the study, apprenticeship was defined as 'systematic, long-term training with alternating periods at the workplace and in an educational ins...
Volume 2: results of a survey among European VET experts This research paper is the second in a series produced as part of the Cedefop project The changing nature and role of VET (2016-18). It discusses national definitions and conceptions of vocational education and training (VET) in European Union Member States, Iceland and Norway and describes h...
Unterschiede in den im Durchschnitt bestehenden Möglichkeiten, am Arbeitsplatz zu lernen, erklären einen Teil der zwischen Ländern bestehenden Unterschiede in den erreichten Niveaus beruflicher Kompetenz der Erwerbsbevölkerung. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird gezeigt, dass die in PIAAC gemessene Lesekompetenz in einem komplexen Verhältnis zu den Mögli...
Formal continuing education for adults leading to a recognized qualification is a
phenomenon whose quantitative and qualitative significance is underestimated. In Austria,
national perceptions confront internationally established definitions of formal adult
education. In this article, the authors argue that formal continuing education in Austria
sh...
This article addresses cross-country and cross-period differences in average levels of training activity from an institutional perspective. Firm-provided training in Europe between 1999 and 2010 is scrutinized in order to explore whether diverse institutional arrangements that can be linked to welfare state regimes can yield discernible cross-count...
Die Gründung der pädagogischen Hochschulen hat sowohl in Österreich
als auch in der Schweiz die Frage nach der Rolle von Wissenschaft und Forschung in der Lehrerinnen-
und Lehrerbildung wiederbelebt. Erstaunlich wenig diskutiert wird in diesem Zusammenhang
jedoch die Rolle von akademischen Abschlussarbeiten – und dies, obwohl diese gemeinhin
als «G...
A strong VET system is increasingly seen as essential to overcoming
the current economic crisis in Europe. VET is seen as a powerful tool
to assist in balancing labour market inefficiencies, increasing youth
employment possibilities, and reducing skills mismatch. Its inherent
flexibility and closeness to the labour market place VET in a good
p...
The ongoing economic crisis raises fundamental questions about the political and social goals of the European Union, particularly the feasibility of harmonising social and education policy across member states. The forward momentum of the European project is clearly faltering, raising the possibility that the high water mark of European integration...
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show how a typology of participating patterns is developed to deepen understanding of participation in formal adult education and the relationship between current workplace and educational programmes. Design/methodology/approach – The approach takes the form of conceptual work based on a qualitative analysi...
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the potential of already existing skills and competence ontologies to benefit European transparency tools and especially the implementation of the European Qualification Framework. Furthermore, it asks whether any of them could serve as a starting point to develop an International Standard Class...
Purpose – The purpose of this article is to look closely at the development of a European Credit Transfer System for Vocational Education and Training (ECVET). The European Commission, together with the member States, are working on it and several pilot projects have been initiated within the Leonardo da Vinci Programme of the European Commission....
The European Qualifications Framework (EQF) table, with descriptors for the reference levels, is by far the most comprehensively annotated table in Europe. Criticism of the table tends to misinterpret it, by looking at the EQF from only one perspective or, at most, two. In this article, we set out to show that the EQF can be understood only if it i...
En: Formación Profesional : revista europea Thessaloniki 2007-2008, n. 42-43 ; p. 37-63 Para una correcta interpretación del Marco Europeo de Cualificaciones (MEC) se lleva a cabo, desde una perspectiva diacrónica, el estudio del desarrollo evolutivo de los descriptores establecidos para cada uno de los ocho niveles en los que este se encuentra div...
So far no observation instrument for the early identification of skill needs has been developed in Austria, mainly due to a lack of good macrodata on qualifications and occupations. There are some regular forecasting activities and many ad hoc studies have been done on specific branches or topics. Recently new instruments have been developed and be...
A comparative analysis of human resources development and management in the subsidiaries of three multinational companies (Xerox, Glaxo Wellcome, and AXA Nordstern Colonia) was conducted in these three European Union (EU) member states: Austria, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands. Case studies were used, focusing on competence needs and qualif...
Das folgende Kapitel ist vor allem für jene gedacht, die wenig Ahnung von der akademischen, wissenschaftlichen Praxis und der Physik haben. Es möge jenen in erster Linie als Verständnishintergrund für das darauf folgende Hauptkapitel dienen.
Den schwedischen Arbeitsforscherinnen wurde immer wieder vorgeworfen, daß es ein Widerspruch wäre, über implizites Wissen zu reden. Dies ist jedoch nur ein scheinbarer Widerspruch. Denn praktisches Wissen kann sehr wohl — zumindest bis zu einem gewissen Grad — diskutiert, analysiert und reflektiert werden. Die diskutierten Fertigkeiten können aber...
Im vorhergehenden Kapitel wurde versucht, anhand von Erfahrungen und Meinungen experimenteller Physikerinnen und Physiker einen Einblick in deren praktische Arbeit, insbesondere in die dabei auftretenden Probleme zu geben. Eine solche Beschreibung der Praxis kann natürlich niemals vollständig sein. Zum einen sind mit unserer Themenauswahl sicherlic...
Sowohl Polanyi als auch Wittgenstein gehen in ihrem philosophischem Werk von der Praxis aus und liefern uns dadurch einen wichtigen Hintergrund für unsere Untersuchung. Beide legen eine Erkenntnistheorie und zugleich auch eine Sprachauffassung dar, wobei es Polanyi primär um eine erkenntnistheoretische und Wittgenstein in erster Linie um eine sprac...
Immer wieder ergaben sich in Gesprächen und Diskussionen mit PhysikerInnen Einwände bezüglich unseres methodischen Vorgehens. Qualitative Methoden scheinen Physikern grundsätzlich suspekt: daß wir nicht alle Institutsmitglieder befragten, schien ihnen „ungenau“, daß wir nicht allen die gleichen Fragen stellten, eigenartig, usw. Wir glauben nicht, d...
Diese Studie analysiert das praktische Wissen, welches PhysikerInnen im Labor benötigen, sowie dessen Aneignung und Vermittlung. Die erkenntnistheoretische Grundlage dazu bilden Michael Polanyis Konzept des impliziten Wissens und Ludwig Wittgensteins pragmatische Sprachauffassung. Die Untersuchung steht im Umfeld der sogenannten "Laborstudien" und...
Requirements for vocational skills in the engineering industry in Modena, Italy, and Vienna, Austria, were studied. In Modena, employees of a representative sample of 90 small, medium, and large firms in the mechanical processing, agricultural machinery, and sports car manufacturing sectors were interviewed. In Vienna, data were collected through 8...
Führen lernen, Führen lehren Speziell bei —meinen» Militärakademikern, ist man im Grunde irritiert, wenn die verlangen: —Jetzt sagen Sie uns einmal, was ist Führung?». Das wollen sie mitschreiben, sie wollen sich nicht darüber unterhalten, sondern sie wollen es aufschreiben, lernen und bei der Prüfung wiedergeben. Das ist naiv, würde ich sagen, jet...
