Joe Darden

Michigan State University | MSU · Department of Geography

In the United States, there is a growing interest in understanding heat stress in lower-income and racially isolated neighborhoods. This study spatially identifies heat-vulnerable neighborhoods, evaluates the relationship between race/ethnicity and temperature exposure, and emphasizes differences among Hispanics by origin to capture environmental i...

This study used critical race theory to examine the changes in awarding of doctoral degrees in Departments of Geography to American citizens who are Black, Latinx, and/or Native American. Data were obtained from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS), 1997–2019. The data show that of 4918 doctoral degrees awarded from 1997 to 20...

Domestic racial and ethnic minorities have been persistently underrepresented in U.S. geography doctoral programs. Efforts to improve diversity have taken many forms over the years, but most have been short-lived with limited success. In this article, we introduce the Advancing Geography Through Diversity Program (AGTDP), a four-pronged cohort-base...

Underrepresentation among U.S. citizen racial and ethnic minorities in geography has a long history, one perpetuated through—and readily measurable by—its doctoral degree–granting record. This article examines the history of efforts to redress underrepresentation since the 1960s, explores modern underrepresentation, measures the degree of its persi...

Although research has been done by social scientists on the inability of blacks to use income, like whites, to purchase a home or to rent an apartment in a less disadvantaged neighbourhood, we argue that most past researchers have been limited in the variables they have used to characterise neighbourhoods. Most researchers have overwhelmingly used...

In the United States, past research has shown that Hispanics are less residentially segregated from non-Hispanic Whites than are Blacks. Such research has also shown that like Blacks, Hispanic households are located in poorer neighborhoods than are the average lower-income non-Hispanic White households. However, such studies have been limited for t...

Objective: There are substantial racial and regional disparities in obesity prevalence in the United States. This study partitioned the mean Body Mass Index (BMI) and obesity prevalence rate gaps between non-Hispanic blacks and non-Hispanic whites into the portion attributable to observable obesity risk factors and the remaining portion attributabl...

Objectives: From 2000 to 2010, the Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity (DNPAO) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded 37 state health departments to address the obesity epidemic in their states through various interventions. The objective of this study was to investigate the overall impacts of CDC-DNPAO st...

Obesity is a growing public health concern in the United States. There is a need to monitor obesity prevalence at the local level to intervene in place-specific ways. However, national public health surveys suppress the local geographic information of respondents due to small sample sizes and the protection of confidentiality. This study therefore,...

This study uses a new approach to assess the impact of different neighborhood characteristics on blood lead levels (BLLs) of black versus white children in metropolitan Detroit. Data were obtained from the Michigan Department of Community Health and the US Bureau of the Census American Community Survey. The Modified Darden-Kamel Composite Socioecon...

Childhood lead poisoning in the United States remains a persistent, prevalent environmental public health problem, especially for children living in central-city neighborhoods. These neighborhoods typically are racially segregated, are in proximity to current and/or legacy lead emission sources, consist of older housing, and contain disproportionat...

Episodes of racial conflict in Detroit form just one facet of the city's storied and legendary history, and they have sometimes overshadowed the less widely known but equally important occurrence of interracial cooperation in seeking solutions to the city's problems. The conflicts also present many opportunities to analyze, learn from, and interrog...

Over the last several decades, blacks in the United States have experienced substantial health disadvantages compared to other racial and ethnic groups. These disadvantages have been observed for important types of morbidity and early mortality, which public health interventions have achieved limited progress in improving. A promising new direction...

This article examines how different immigration policies and practices have influenced transnational Filipino immigrant women who chose Italy and Canada as their country of destination. The article focuses specifically on how the different immigration policies and practices have influenced the degree of incorporation of Filipino immigrant women int...

Research has suggested that the pattern of residence (integration or segregation) alone is insufficient to explain health disparities by race. Socioeconomic characteristics of neighborhoods where blacks and whites reside must also be considered to explain health disparities. This article has three aims: (1) to describe the component socioeconomic c...

Offers important new perspectives on the African Diaspora in North America. Drawing on the work of social scientists from geographic, historical, sociological, and political science perspectives, this volume offers new perspectives on the African Diaspora in the United States and Canada. It has been approximately four centuries since the first Afri...

Approximately four centuries ago the first African set foot in North America, yet it is impossible for any text to capture the complete Black experience on the continent. As the 21st century begins, the persistent legacy of Black inequality and the winds of dramatic change are inseparable parts of the current African Diaspora in the United States a...

The differential access to mortgage loans based on race, class, and residential location of population groups is a serious public policy issue. It appears from reports that populations that are black or Hispanic and reside in areas of concentrated poverty are more likely to be denied prime loans and forced to obtain subprime loans (U.S. Department...

The purpose of this final chapter is to revisit some of the key organizational themes and concepts of the text to underscore their relevance and to provide some additional perspectives about the African Diaspora in the U.S. and Canada at the dawn of the twenty-first century. We began with the premise that the origin and recent expansion of this Dia...

American Indian or Native American residential segregation is viewed within the general framework of ecological theory. According to theorists of human ecology, variation in segregation between groups relates directly to measurable differences on social and economic variables. This study uses 1980 census tract data and the index of dissimilarity to...

This paper focuses on three areas of civil rights policy: housing, education, and employment. The authors describe the current state of discrimination and/or segregation and analyze their costs, diagnose past failures of public policies, and propose new strategies. Both antidiscrimination and prointegration policies are recommended. The authors arg...

Some observers believe that the significance of race as a factor in residential segregation has declined since passage of the Federal Fair Housing Act of 1968, which declared racial discrimination in housing illegal. Thus, the present segregation is seen as more the result of class differences than racial differences. This belief, however, can be e...

This paper determines how much of the observed racial differences in occupations can be explained by factors such as education and experience among blacks and whites in the Toronto Census Metropolitan Area (CMA). Data were obtained from the Public Use Microdata Files for Individuals (PUMFI) drawn from the 1996 Census provided by Statistics Canada....

Filipinos are one of nine groups racialized as visible minorities. The degree of racialization varies, resulting in diverse spatial and socioeconomic patterns, processes, and adaptation among immigrant groups. The variation occurs because of (1) the conditions of immigrant departure, i.e., whether immigrants entered Canada as legal immigrants, stat...

A summary of Housing Discrimination in Canada: The State of Knowledge, Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, Ottawa, 2002. For a free copy, call the CMHC publications office, 1-800-668-2642 Housing policy should include consideration of equitable access to housing, but there is little informa-tion about housing discrimination in Canada. Research...

I Resume This article is based on data from Statistics Canada's 1996 Profile Se­ ries. An index of dissimilarity and a composite socioeconomic index revealed that First Nation People and Whites are not highly segregated. Yet, there is socioeconomic unequality between Whites and First Nation People by neighborhoods. Whites are disproportionately occ...

The objective of this paper is to analyze homeownership rates for blacks and whites who are Canadian citizens. Data were obtained from The Public Use Microdata Files for Individuals (PUMFI) drawn from the 1996 Census provided by Statistics Canada. The impact of race is examined using logistic regression models and controlling for socioeconomic and...

This study had three objectives: (1) to determine whether the degree of residential segregation between Latin Americans and whites in the Toronto CMA was higher than the residential segregation between whites and other visible minority groups: (2) to determine the spatial distribution of Latin Americans and whites by census tracts: and (3) to deter...

According to ecological theory, the socioeconomic status of a minority group is inversely related to the group's level of residential segregation from the majority group. This article determines whether the level of black socioeconomic status is related to the level of black residential segregation in the city of Detroit and Detroit's suburbs. Data...

This study examines the early effects of seven scattered-site public housing developments on the receiving neighborhoods in Yonkers, New York, where opposition to court-ordered desegregation was particularly hostile over the last decade. Because people keep their neighborhoods strong by investing in them—financially, to be sure, but in other ways a...

This study examines the early effects of seven scattered-site public housing developments on the receiving neighborhoods in Yonkers, New York, where opposition to court-ordered desegregation was particularly hostile over the last decade. Because people keep their neighborhoods strong by investing in them-financially, to be sure, but in other ways a...

The authors wish to thank John Schweitzer of Urban Affairs Programs and the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.

"The objectives of this paper are to determine the relationship between racial residential segregation and (1) the spatial concentration of low- and high-income households, and (2) the socioeconomic characteristics of racial minority households. The three largest racial minority groups are compared (blacks, Hispanics, and Asians) in the largest 45...

The paper examines the difference in results obtained from using Summary Tape Files 1A (STF1A) and 3A (STF3A) in measuring residential segregation. The 1A file contains data for the whole population, while the 3A file is based on estimates derived from a sample of the 1990 census. Computation of segregation indexes for the 45 largest metropolitan a...

Hub of the American auto industry and site of the celebrated Riverfront Renaissance, Detroit is also a city of extraordinary poverty, unemployment, and racial segregation. This duality in one of the mightiest industrial metropolises of twentieth-century North America is the focus of this study. Viewing the Motor City in light of sociology, geograph...

The major thesis of this paper is that the lower socioeconomic status of Blacks compared to Asians, Hispanics, and Native Americans is due primarily to greater racial' discrimination against Blacks in housing. A critical result of this housing discrimination is reduced employment opportunities. Discrimination by Whites against the four racial/ethni...

The objective of this paper is to determine whether residential segregation between blacks and whites and Hispanics and whites declines once socioeconomic status differences are controlled. Data for this paper were obtained from the U.S. Bureau of the Census's 1980 Summary Tape File 4. The Chicago SMSA is the study area, The method employed to meas...

The racial composition of American schools has been strongly influenced by neighborhood racial composition. In order to gain a better understanding of school desegregation, it is useful to examine racial and demographic patterns in communities undergoing desegregation. In this chapter, an assessment is made of demographic characteristics and enroll...

Conclusions It has been demonstrated that racial differences in unemployment in the nation’s largest metropolitan areas are widespread. The differences tend to vary, however, by region with the greatest difference occurring in the metropolitan areas of the North-Central region and the least difference occurring in the metropolitan areas in the West...

The impact of the racial composition of neighborhoods, rather than race per se, is examined in this study. The sample includes 1027 families with children attending 5 of the 11 former school districts in New Castle County, Delaware. Questionnaires were sent to these families in the spring of 1978, prior to school desegregation, and again in the spr...

Investigated participation in high school clubs and organizations by Black and White students before and after the implementation of court ordered desegregation in three cities. Found that participation of both groups is lower in schools that have undergone relatively rapid shifts in racial composition. (Author/GC)

No abstract was published with this paper.

Analysis of 2000 census data revealed that blacks in Metropolitan Detroit are the most racially segregated population group in the United States. Blacks in Metropolitan Detroit reside overwhelmingly in central city housing while whites reside overwhelmingly in suburban housing. The objective of this paper is to determine whether the low representat...