Joanna Małaczewska

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Verified

Joanna verified their affiliation via an institutional email.

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• DVM, PhD
• Professor (Assistant) at University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn

Background Betulin, a natural pentacyclic triterpene with the lupane structure that is present in significant amounts in the outer bark of birch, is known for its broad array of biological and pharmacological properties. Betulin has attracted attention as a potential, natural-origin antimicrobial substance. The literature describes it as selectivel...

Nisin, a member of class I bacteriocins known as lantibiotics, is produced by the lactic acid bacterium Lactococcus lactis and is characterized by a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria. This characteristic in conjunction with its low toxicity and safety of use in food has contributed to the worldwide success of ni...

Background: Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), an enveloped, single-stranded, positive-sense RNA virus from the Flaviviridae family, is a globally distributed bovine pathogen. BVDV infection in cattle, despite having a wide range of clinical manifestations, is invariably responsible for significant economic losses. To counteract these losses, va...

Nisin, a lantibiotic bacteriocin, has been used for years as a natural food preservative. In addition to its antimicrobial activity, nisin also shows immunomodulatory properties, and the nisin‐producing Lactococcus lactis strain has been successfully tested as a probiotic in weaned piglets. However, the impact of nisin on porcine immune cells has n...

Introduction The experiment was set to determine the effects of long-term (55-day) use of three commercial prebiotics including Saccharomyces cerevisiae –derived β-glucans and one including inulin on juvenile vimba (Vimba vimba) reared intensively under controlled conditions. Material and Methods Six-month-old fish were fed commercial feed (Contro...

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogen that causes infections in animals and humans, with veterinary implications including ear infections in dogs, respiratory diseases in cats, and mastitis in ruminants. In humans, it causes severe hospital-acquired infections, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. This study aimed to identify and a...

Aquaculture is inextricably linked to fish health problems, and the use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) makes it possible to reduce losses caused mainly by bacterial pathogens. The aim of the present study was to isolate, characterize and select potential probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria from the gut of common carp. We focused on o...

Probiotic feed additives have attracted considerable research interest in recent years because the effectiveness of probiotics can differ across microbial strains and the supplemented macroorganisms. The present study was conducted on 16 lambs divided equally into two groups (C—control and E—experimental). The examined lambs were aged 11 days at th...

A few reports indicate the beneficial effects of organic acids and their salts on anti-infective immunity in fish species. In the role of immunostimulants, inorganic acids may prove to be a much cheaper alternative to their organic equivalents. However, no report has described the effect of using inorganic acid as a feed additive on fish immunity....

Introduction Enterovirus E (EV-E) is a common viral pathogen endemic in cattle worldwide. Little is known, however, about its potential interactions with bovine immune cells. Material and Methods The EV-E-permissiveness of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was evaluated. The infectious titres of extracellular virus were measured an...

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in China by the end of 2019 and was responsible for a pandemic in the human population that resulted in millions of deaths worldwide. Since the beginning of the pandemic, the role of animals as spill-over or reservoir hosts was discussed. In addition to cats and d...

Bovine mastitis is a common disease worldwide, and staphylococci are one of the most important etiological factors of this disease. Staphylococcus aureus show adaptability to new conditions, by which monitoring their virulence and antibiotic resistance mechanisms is extremely important, as it can lead to the development of new therapies and prevent...

Simple Summary Aleutian disease (AD) is a well-known viral disease among mink breeders; however, it has the potential to transmit to other species, including ferrets. There is little research on the presence of AD among ferrets, especially those kept as house-pets. Our study determined the percentage of actively infected animals and those that had...

Enterovirus E (EV-E), a representative of the Picornaviridae family, endemically affects cattle across the world, typically causing subclinical infections. However, under favorable conditions, severe or fatal disorders of the respiratory, digestive, and reproductive systems may develop. There is no specific treatment for enterovirus infections in h...

Simple Summary The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, which has kept the world in suspense since the beginning of 2020. Infected owners can transmit the virus to their cats and dogs, but it is not exactly known how often this happens. Here, we investigated samples from cats and dogs that live in households in Poland fo...

The objective of our study was to evaluate prevalence of selected bacterial and fungal pathogens of mastitis in dairy cattle in north-eastern Poland. Our study was conducted from 2013 to 2019 in 1,665 clinically and sub-clinically infected quarter milk samples (2013, n = 368; 2014, n = 350; 2015, n = 290; 2016, n = 170; 2017, n = 173; 2018, n = 224...

The aim of the experiment was to examine the effect of a diet enriched with Lactobacillus plantarum and/or β-glucan on the immune parameters in the juvenile tench (Tinca tinca). Fish were fed for 14 days different diets (phase 1 of the experiment), a dry commercial starter feed in the control group or the same feed supplemented with: 1% β-1,3/1,6-g...

Salmonellosis is one of the most important bacterial diseases in pigeons. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of Salmonella spp. in domestic pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica) in Poland, its antimicrobial susceptibility (both phenotypic and genotypic), and its capability for biofilm formation. The presence of selected virulence genes, nuc...

Background: The aim of the study has been to compare the effect of dietary supplementation of β-1,3/1,6-glucan, Lactobacillus plantarum bacteria or their mixture on the growth performance, selected parameters of the immune system as well as the liver and intestinal histology of roach. Fish were fed for 14 days with four different diets, each treat...

Background: A healthy immune system plays a particularly important role in newborns, including in calves that are far more susceptible to infections (viral, bacterial and other) than adult individuals. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of HMB on the chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® k...

The effect of dietary resveratrol (40 µg g−1 BW day−1) on cell-mediated immunity (the activity of spleen phagocytes and the proliferative response of lymphocytes) and liver histology (hepatocyte morphometry, lipid vacuoles, and glycogen granules) in adult medaka (Oryzias latipes) (aged two years, body weight BW = 0.49 g) were tested after ten days...

Background A healthy immune system plays a particularly important role in newborns, including in calves that are far more susceptible to infections (viral, bacterial and other) than adult individuals. Therefore the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HMB on the chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST®...

Background A healthy immune system plays a particularly important role in newborns, including in calves that are far more susceptible to infections (viral, bacterial and other) than adult individuals. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of HMB on the chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® kit...

Background A healthy immune system plays a particularly important role in newborns, including in calves that are far more susceptible to infections (viral, bacterial and other) than adult individuals. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of HMB on the chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® kit...

Background A healthy immune system plays a particularly important role in newborns, including in calves that are far more susceptible to infections (viral, bacterial and other) than adult individuals. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of HMB on the chemotactic activity (MIGRATEST® kit), phagocytic activity (PHAGOTEST® kit...

The objective of this study was to determine the applicability of the Migratest® kit for evaluating the chemotactic activity of peripheral blood neutrophils in goats. The experiment was performed on 14 goat kids aged 30±2 days, divided into two groups of 7 animals each: C - control group, and E - experimental group, supplemented with β-hydroxy-β-me...

Simple Summary The main focus of industrial livestock production is to maximise production output without compromising the well-being of animals, which is why animal diets are supplemented with various feed additives. Feed additives boost immunity and protect animals against pathogens. The list of potential feed additives includes β-hydroxy-β-methy...

Mastitis is a common disease in dairy cattle. An important aetiological agent of this disease is bacteria of the genus Streptococcus ; hence, exploring the mechanisms of virulence in these bacteria is an extremely important step for the development of effective prevention programmes. The purpose of our study was to determine the ability to produce...

Introduction:Coxiella ( C .) burnetii , the aetiological agent of Q fever, is able to modulate the macrophage/T-lymphocyte axis in an infected organism and impair synthesis of monokines and lymphokines. Material and Methods: The purpose of this research was to determine the levels of the cytokines that play a key role in the response to C. burnetii...

Introduction: Immune-potentiating functions of Lactobacillus plantarum strains in the common carp were evaluated. Material and Methods: Fourteen days of feeding fish dry diet supplemented with the bacteria provided parameters of non-specific humoral immunity (lysozyme, ceruloplasmin, γ-globulin, total protein levels, and serum bactericidal activity...

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the anterior chamber constitutes part of the normal migratory pathway of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ lymphocytes in cattle and swine. The cells obtained from aqueous humor of cows and pigs were stained for CD4 and CD8 receptors, and subsequently analyzed with flow cytometry. The mean percentage of CD4⁺CD8⁻,...

Background: Mastitis is a common disease in dairy cattle throughout the world and causes considerable economic losses each year. An important aetiological agent of this disease is bacteria of the genus Streptococcus; hence, exploring the mechanisms of virulence in these bacteria is an extremely important step for the development of effective preve...

Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an endogenous substance produced on the kynurenine pathway which is primarily known for its neuroactive properties. Recently, it has been proven that KYNA is a selective ligand for G protein-coupled receptor (GPR 35), presented on immunocompetent cells such as T lymphocytes. This opens up new possibilities of its applicatio...

Mastitis of dairy cattle is one of the most frequently diagnosed diseases worldwide. The main etiological agents of mastitis are bacteria of the genus Streptococcus spp., in which several antibiotic resistance mechanisms have been identified. However, detailed studies addressing this problem have not been conducted in north-eastern Poland. Therefor...

Recent intensive development of nanotechnology has broadened the use of noble metal nanocolloids in alternative medicine. Meanwhile, silver and copper nanoparticles are tested as potential feed additives in pig farming. Experiments on rodents prove that metal nanocolloids easily interact with macrophages and lymphocytes, although the specific natur...

Kennel cough is a multifactorial disease occurring all over the world; however, its epidemiology is still not fully understood. To the authors' knowledge, no studies monitoring the occurrence of infectious agents responsible for kennel cough have been carried out in Poland. Therefore, the objective of our study was to determine which of the four pa...

The aim of this study has been to determine whether eye chambers constitute part of the normal migratory pathway of naive CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells in mouse and if natural CD4⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁺ and CD8⁺CD25⁺Foxp3⁺ regulatory T cells are present within these eye compartments. To this aim, the cells obtained from aqueous humor (AH) of normal mice were phenotyp...

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate acid, on parameters of meat performance in goats as well as on selected parameters of non-specific humoral defense. An experiment was performed on 24 Alpine kids divided into two equal groups: I - control and II - experimental. Over a period of 60 days, the animals were...

Recent intensive development of nanotechnology has broadened the use of noble metal nanocolloids in alternative medicine. Meanwhile, silver and copper nanoparticles are tested as potential feed additives in pig farming. Experiments on rodents prove that metal nanocolloids easily interact with macrophages and lymphocytes, although the specific natur...

Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a secondary product of the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation, known mainly as an endogenous neuroprotectant, shows also immunotropic properties. Some quantities of KYNA are present in food and are effectively absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract. Since the spleen is an important target of dietary immunomodulators...

During the last few decades, owing to their unique properties, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have found numerous biomedical applications. Studies on rodents prove that AuNPs entering an organism easily reach the bloodstream and undergo wide tissue distribution. The presence of nanoparticles inside blood and bone marrow cells of exposed animals may imp...

The purpose of the study was to determine the cytotoxicity of commercial silver, gold, and copper nanocolloids towards two established cell lines (NIH/3T3 and GMK) and primary chick embryo cell culture (CECC), using routine colorimetric assays: MTT, NRU, and LDH, which enable a preliminary evaluation of the mechanism of cytotoxic effect of the test...

Owing to their unique physicochemical properties, gold nanoparticles find numerous biomedical applications. Experiments on rodents prove that the main target organs of gold nanoparticles entering an organism are the liver and spleen, whose reticuloendothelial system removes foreign particles from the bloodstream. Through interactions with resident...

For the first time we tried to examine the basic parameters of innate immunity in beavers for developing the new methods of prevention against infectious diseases in different reintroduction and translocation programmes in Poland. The aim of the present study was to determine the selected innate immunity parameters in Eurasian beavers living in nat...

Background Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a tryptophan metabolite is an antagonist of ionotropic glutamate receptors and alpha-7 nicotinic receptor. Moreover, it is an agonist of G-protein receptor GPR35. Its neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity was documented. KYNA is present in food and herbal medicines. However, th...

Metallic nanoparticles, mainly silver ones, have been widely used as antibacterial agents, and some studies shown they also exert direct antiviral activity against both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses. The objective of this study has been to evaluate the virucidal activity of commercial silver, gold, copper and platinum nanocolloids, recommende...

Kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous neuroprotectant formed along the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan degradation, is a selective ligand of the GPR35 receptor, which can be found on the surface of various populations of human immune cells. In infections and inflammations, KYNA produces an anti-inflammatory effect through this receptor, by depressi...

Szarek J., Terech-Majewska E., Kaczorek E., Siwicki A.K., Babińska I., Strzyżewska E., Dublan K., Małaczewska J., Wójcik R., Schulz P., 2014. Morphological evaluation of the liver in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum, 1972) after kynurenic acid (KYNA) exposition. Cutting Edge Pathology, Programme and Abstract Book of the 2nd Joint European...

Terech-Majewska E., Lepa A., Kazuń B.,, Kazuń K., Siwicki A.K., Szarek J., Strzyżewska E., Małaczewska J., Szczucińska E., Wójcik R., Zembrzuska M., Skibniewska K., Guziur J., 2014. Zmienność poziomu ceruloplazminy w surowicy krwi ryb pochodzących z różnych systemów hodowli pstrąga tęczowego (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum). (Variability of ceruloplas...

Silver nanoparticles, which have found a wide range of applications owing to their antimicrobial properties, are also recommended as dietary supplements in alternative medicine. Studies on rodents confirm that nanosilver is absorbed from the digestive tract into the bloodstream, which implies its possible interactions with leukocytes. The objective...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HMB on selected parameters of the humoral immunity in calves. The experiment was performed on 14 calves aged 30 +/- 2 days, divided into two equal groups of control (group K) and experimental (group H) animals. The feed administered to the experimental calves was supplemented with HMB at 40...

Kynurenic acid (KYNA), an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, is a selective ligand of the GPR35 receptor, expressed mainly on the immune cells. In inflammatory conditions, by affecting this receptor, KYNA inhibits the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and probably protects tissues from oxidative damage. However, we lack data regarding the effe...

Noble metal nanoparticles, especially silver due to its antimicrobial properties, are amongst the most widely used types of nanomaterials, and so the possibility of an organism's exposure to them is relatively high. Excluding injections, there are three natural routes they can accidentally enter the body the skin, lungs and the alimentary tract. Re...

An increasing number of applications of silver nanoparticles in industry, medicine and everyday life means that the risk of exposure of the human organism to their potential harmful influence is growing. This study has sought to assess the effect of 28-day alimentary administration of different concentrations (0.25, 2.5 and 25 ppm) of a commercial...

Noble metal nanoparticles, currently among the most popular types of nanomaterials, are capable of penetrating through biological barriers once they enter a living organism. There, they can permeate into organs possessing the reticuloendothelial system, such as the spleen. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of commercial nanoco...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of HMB on selected indicators of immunity in calves. The experiment was performed on 14 calves aged 30 +/- 2 days, divided into two equal groups of control (group I) and experimental (group II) animals. The feed administered to experimental group calves was supplemented with HMB at 40 mg/kg BW,...

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on indicators of meat performance traits in sheep as well as on selected non-specific indicators of humoral and cellular defense. The experiment was performed on 32 suckling Kamieniec lambs divided into two equal groups (control and experimental). Over a period of 60 days...

The growing popularity of nanotechnology in the past decade has increased nanomaterial concentrations in the environment and the risk of their toxicity for aquatic organisms. Metal nanoparticles, which are easily absorbed and accumulated by fish, are probably able to interact directly with their immunocompetent cells. The objective of this study wa...

Kynurenic acid (KYNA) is a metabolite of tryptophan that an organism produces constitutively along the kynurenic pathway. This substance, known as an endogenous neuroprotectant, also demonstrates some immunotropic properties. The purpose of this research has been to determine the influence of kynurenic acid administered in feed on the proliferative...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a nonionic silver nanocolloid administered orally for 7 or 14 days at three concentration levels (25 ppm, 2.5 ppm, and 0.25 ppm) on the phagocytic activity and mitogenic response of splenocytes and selected cytokine serum levels (IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12 p70, TNF-alpha) in NMRI mice at...

The aim of the study was to determine the influence of meloxicam on selected nonspecific cellular and humoral defense parameters in cattle. Ten heifers were divided into two groups: animals in the experimental group (n = 5) were injected with meloxicam on days 3 and 5 of the estrous cycle, whereas control animals (n = 5) were treated with 0.9% sodi...

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a nonionic silver nanocolloid administered orally for 7 or 14 d at three concentration levels (25 ppm, 2.5 ppm, and 0.25 ppm) on the phagocytic activity and mitogenic response of splenocytes, and levels of selected cytokines in the serum of NMRI mice. The phagocytic activity of splenocytes...

Nanotechnology concerns the study, creation and manipulation of structures, devices, and systems at a nanoscale level. Such materials exhibit unique biological, physical and chemical properties compared to bulk materials, and are readily utilized in modern medicine and industry. Currently silver nanoparticles (SNP) are among the most commonly used...

The influence of deltamethrin on the innate immunity in rainbow trout was examined. Fish were immersed in deltamethrin at doses of 1, 2, and 4 microg/L for 30 min. The results showed that deltamethrin at doses of 2 and 4 microg/L decreased phagocytic activity of spleen macrophages and proliferative response of pronephros lymphocytes at days 1, 2, a...

The experiment was performed on 32 suckling Kamieniec lambs divided into two equal groups: I - control and II - experimental. Over a period of 60 d, experimental lambs were fed a diet supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast with an increased β-1,3/1,6-D-glucan and mannan-oligosaccharide content. The following meat performance parameters we...

The experimental material comprised 20 adult Wistar rats aged 12 weeks, divided into two equal groups (control and experimental) including five males and five females each. From the first day of the experiment, the experimental group was fed Murigran feed supplemented with β-1,3/1,6-D-glucan (Biolex Beta-HP) at a dosage of 12-19 mg/rat/d, depending...

Lactoferrin (LF) is a glycoprotein found in milk, neutrophil granules, secretions and selected organs of mammals. Lactoferrin exhibits antibacterial, antiviral, fungicidal, immunoregulatory and other functions. Although fish are devoid of this protein and its cell receptors, LF effect on the immune mechanisms of fish has been demonstrated. The obje...

The objective of this study was to determine the stimulating effect of the Inter Yeast S dietary supplement on selected parameters of specific and non-specific humoral and cellular immunity in lambs. The study involved 32 lambs aged 30 +/- 3 days, divided into two equal groups: II--control, and II--experimental. Experimental group animals were fed...

Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding protein from the transferrin family present in mucosal secretions, several organs, secondary granules of neutrophils and the serum of mammals. Many biological functions have been attributed to lactoferrin, including immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Although the presence of LF in fish is unknown,...

The experiment was performed on 20 adult Wistar rats aged 12 weeks, divided into two equal groups (control and experimental), each comprised of five males and five females. From the first day of the experiment, the experimental group rats were fed Murigran feed supplemented with β-1,3/1,6-D-glucan at a dosage of 12-19 mg/rat/d, subject to body weig...

The application of immunostimulators in human and veterinary medicine offers a wide of attractive method for inducing or modulating protection against infection diseases. In the present study we determined the in vitro influence of different concentrations of synthetic product methisoprinol on the proliferative response of blood lymphocytes stimula...

The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine the influence of methisoprinol on the activity of pronephros macrophages and lymphocytes after suppression induced by infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). For this study IHNV-free rainbow trout were used. Pronephros from 20 fish were removed and single leukocyte suspensions were separa...

Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding protein from the transferrin family, present in mucosal secretions, granules of neutrophils and the serum of mammals. Many biological functions have been attributed to lactoferrin, including immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Its presence has not been detected in poultry and its influence on their...

This study examined the influence of β-1.3/1.6-glucan (MacroGard) on the innate immune system in healthy pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) juveniles. MacroGard was fed in a pelleted ration of 1 or 2 g kg−1 feed for 6 weeks. The control group of fish was fed feed with no supplement. Blood, pronephros and spleen samples for the study of nonspecific cellu...

The aim of the study was to determine the stimulating effect of a natural immunostimulator - dried brewer's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) - on specific and non-specific humoral and cellular immunity of the offspring of ewes fed a diet supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast during pregnancy or lactation. The study involved 66 lambs from...

The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of β-1.3/1.6-D-glucan added to feed on meat performance traits and non-specific humoral immunity parameters in lambs. The experiment was performed on 26 suckling Kamieniecka lambs, divided into two equal groups, control (I) and experimental (II), each composed of 7 males and 6 females. Over a...

Lactoferrin is an iron-binding protein from the transferrin family and was first isolated from milk. Lactoferrin is produced by polymorph nuclear leukocytes and epithelial cells of many mammalian species and is present in such mucosal secretions as tears, saliva, seminal and vaginal fluids as well as in several organs and blood. Many biological fun...