Joanna C. Dunlap

Joanna C. Dunlap
University of Colorado | UCD · School of Education and Human Development

PhD

About

90
Publications
58,831
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4,731
Citations

Publications

Publications (90)
Article
Researchers have been investigating social presence in online learning for decades. However, despite this continued research, questions remain about the nature and development of social presence. The purpose of this mixed-method exploratory case study was to investigate how social presence is established in online discussion forums in an asynchrono...
Article
This paper describes the development and evaluation of a capstone project implemented in an MBA level Operations Management course being offered at an AACSB accredited College of Business in the Pacific Northwest. The capstone project was designed with two constructs that influence professional preparation: authentic learning and student choice. We...
Article
Class size has been a popular topic for decades. There is renewed interest in this topic now with the growth of online learning. Online courses can accommodate hundreds, if not thousands, of students in a single course. Very little research, though, has been conducted recently on class size in online courses and the research that has been conducted...
Preprint
Class size has been a popular topic for decades. There is renewed interest in this topic now with the growth of online learning. Online courses can accommodate hundreds, if not thousands, of students in a single course. Very little research, though, has been conducted recently on class size in online courses and the research that has been conducted...
Article
Full-text available
Within the Information Systems domain, employers are often dissatisfied with graduates’ competence of the necessary technical skills in the area of integrated business processes. However, teaching complex concepts related to integrated business processes—such as the 5S lean philosophy—is particularly challenging. In this article, we describe how Ko...
Article
Social presence is a popular construct used to describe how people socially interact in online courses. Online educators continue to try different ways to establish and maintain social presence in online courses. However, research to date has not identified which strategies, or types of strategies, are best for establishing social presence. We inve...
Article
Full-text available
In this article, we share design guidelines for the development and use of online, video-based teaching playgrounds, which provide opportunities for prospective teachers to engage in professional noticing of teaching practices. Through teaching playgrounds, we provide an instantiation of the Presence+Experience framework, which combines the Communi...
Article
Full-text available
Over the years, online educators have learned a great deal about what works and doesn’t work when designing and facilitating online courses. During the past few years, we have used crowdsourcing to invite experienced online educators to share their recommendations for teaching online. In this article, we describe our use of crowdsourcing to curate...
Article
Most online courses rely solely on asynchronous text-based online communication. This type of communication can foster anytime, anywhere reflection, critical thinking, and deep learning. However, it can also frustrate participants because of the lack of spontaneity and visual cues and the time it takes for conversations to develop and feedback to b...
Chapter
Full-text available
The effective use of electronically mediated communication (EMC) is fundamental to digital literacy and, therefore, a high-demand competency in professional communities of practice, business, society, and online education. However, the use of EMC can be challenging in educational contexts; given that EMC tends to rely heavily on text-based formats,...
Article
Educators are pushing for students, specifically graduates, to be digitally literate in order to successfully read, write, contribute, and ultimately compete in the global market place. Educational technology professionals, as a unique type of learning professional, need to be not only digitally literate – leading and assisting teachers and student...
Article
Full-text available
In this article, we share a framework for the purposeful design of presence in online courses. Instead of developing something new, we looked at two models that have helped us with previous instructional design projects, providing us with some assurance that the design decisions we were making were fundamentally sound. As we began to work with the...
Article
People learn and remember more efficiently and effectively through the use of text and visuals than through text alone. Infographics are one way of presenting complex and dense informational content in a way that supports cognitive processing, learning, and future recognition and recollection. But the power of infographics is that they are a way of...
Chapter
The effective use of electronically-mediated communication (EMC) is fundamental to digital literacy and, therefore, a high-demand competency in professional communities of practice, business, society, and online education. However, the use of EMC can be challenging in educational contexts; given that EMC tends to rely heavily on text-based formats,...
Conference Paper
Designing effective instruction is harder than ever. Besides staying proficient with various technologies, effective instructional designers must be adept at making learning opportunities engaging, memorable, sticky, and transformative. Therefore, instructional design needs to be framed as a creative process that draws on the same aesthetic sensibi...
Chapter
Social presence theory explains how people present themselves as “real” through a communication medium and is a popular construct used to describe how people socially interact in online courses. Because of its intuitive appeal, educators—including ourselves—have experimented with different ways to establish social presence in their online courses....
Conference Paper
Over the years, online instructors have learned a great deal about what works and doesn’t work when teaching online courses. During the past two years, we have collected “lessons learned” about online teaching from colleagues, categorized the lessons into themes, and translated the themes into recommendations. In this session, we will share the les...
Conference Paper
Course orientation and getting-to-know-you activities can help get online courses off to a good start. However, if the goal is to support students and help build a productive online learning community, these types of activities should occur throughout a course not just during the first week. In this session, we will share activities for helping stu...
Conference Paper
Infographics, or simply graphical representations of data, have been around for decades. But with the rise of social media and web 2.0 tools, they are being created and distributed like never before. In fact, there are even websites like http://visual.ly or pages on pinterest dedicated to sharing infographics. Motivated by the instructional potenti...
Article
--Online courses and programs don’t have to accept the Kobayashi Maru no-win solution by choosing between the needs of the many and the needs of the one. --Although participating in a supportive learning community can bolster online student engagement and retention, individualized one-on-one communication strategies also play an important role in a...
Conference Paper
To improve research conducted on communities of inquiry, a group of researchers created theCommunity of Inquiry Questionnaire (CoIQ). While the development of the CoIQ is a step in the right direction, this instrument does not align as well as it could with previous research on each of the individual presences (i.e., cognitive presence, teaching pr...
Article
To improve research conducted on communities of inquiry, a group of researchers created the Community of Inquiry Questionnaire (CoIQ). While the development of the CoIQ is a step in the right direction, this instrument does not align as well as it could with previous research on each of the individual presences (i.e., cognitive presence, teaching p...
Article
“Theory? What does this have to do with anything we’re doing?” Sound familiar? Students may not always verbalize this, but they often think it, especially in courses where the emphasis is on the development of technical skills and the application of those skills to the building of products. Presenting theory in a way that is relevant and engagin...
Chapter
Given ever-changing societal and professional demands, lifelong learning is recognized as a critical educational goal. With postsecondary students' increased demand for online learning opportunities and programs, postsecondary educators face the challenge of preparing students to be lifelong contributing members of professional communities of pract...
Conference Paper
Faculty need to begin re-thinking what it means to be an academic and a scholar in a “Google world.” If Google can’t find your work, then it’s essentially irrelevant because others aren’t finding it. In this session, we present problems with old modes of knowledge dissemination, outline strategies academics should be following to build a web presen...
Conference Paper
Articles are continually written about improving presentations, but they tend to focus on the very basics (e.g., practice your presentation, don’t read your slides, and use a specific font size). We believe that the “exceptional” quality of a presentation is key to its use as an effective instructional strategy. In exploring the question, “What mak...
Article
Academics wishing to be seen as thought leaders in their discipline need to be intentional about how, when, and what shows up when someone uses a search engine like Google to search on their name or area(s) of research. If Google cannot find a faculty scholar’s work or the work of the scholar’s colleagues, department, or institution, then it is ess...
Chapter
To be truly effective, online learning must facilitate the social process of learning. This involves providing space and opportunities for students and faculty to engage in social activities. Although learning management systems offer several tools that support social learning and student engagement, the scope, structure, and functionality of those...
Conference Paper
Each semester, our students tell stories about their best learning experiences and analyze those stories to identify common themes. From this activity we generate a list of common instructional strategies to guide our assessments throughout the remainder of the course. In this session, we present the results of this assignment as a series of case s...
Conference Paper
Social presence theory explains how people present themselves as “real” through a communication medium and is a popular construct used to describe how people socially interact in online courses. Because of its intuitive appeal, educators have experimented with different ways to establish social presence in their online courses. Over the years, we h...
Chapter
Given ever-changing societal and professional demands, lifelong learning is recognized as a critical educational goal. With postsecondary students’ increased demand for online learning opportunities and programs, postsecondary educators face the challenge of preparing students to be lifelong contributing members of professional communities of pract...
Conference Paper
In this presentation, we will describe the potential of digital music to enhance postsecondary students’ experiences in online courses. We will share examples of music-driven instructional activities, and our research on how these activities can (a) enhance social presence; (b) tap into students' interests, and elicit positive feelings and associat...
Conference Paper
Given ever-changing societal and professional demands, lifelong learning is recognized as a critical educational goal. With postsecondary students’ increased demand for online learning opportunities and programs, postsecondary educators face the challenge of preparing students to be lifelong contributing members of professional communities of pract...
Article
Full-text available
This article provides a review of the instructional potential of digital music to enhance postsecondary students’ experience in online courses by involving them in music-driven instructional activities. The authors describe how music-driven instructional activities, when used appropriately, can (a) humanize, personalize, and energize online courses...
Article
This article provides a review of the instructional potential of digital music to enhance postsecondary students’ experience in online courses by involving them in music-driven instructional activities. The authors describe how music-driven instructional activities, when used appropriately, can (a) humanize, personalize, and energize online courses...
Article
Full-text available
The Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework is a comprehensive guide to the research and practice of online learning. One of the most challenging aspects of establishing a CoI in online courses is finding the best way to attend to each element of the CoI framework in a primarily text-based environment. In our online courses, we have examined the use of...
Article
Full-text available
--Learning takes place in a social context, and encouraging student-student and student-faculty contact and interaction gets at the heart of student engagement in online-education settings. --Because of their fundamental reliance on social participation and contribution, Web 2.0 tools, specifically social-networking tools, have great potential for...
Article
Full-text available
To be truly effective, online learning must facilitate the social process of learning. This involves providing space and opportunities for students and faculty to engage in social activities. Although learning management systems offer several tools that support social learning and student engagement, the scope, structure, and functionality of those...
Article
Despite a plethora of online course offerings over the past decade, we continue to see resistance to this platform for course delivery, particularly with content that is ostensibly too sensitive or difficult to deliver in this format. This article describes an approach to online course planning and design, with attention paid to creating rich and m...
Article
To be truly effective, online learning must facilitate the social process of learning. This involves providing space and opportunities for students and faculty to engage in social activities. Although learning management systems offer several tools that support social learning and student engagement, the scope, structure, and functionality of those...
Article
In a climate of continual change and innovation, lifelong learning is a critical professional development objective which has a direct impact on organizations' effectiveness and ability to compete and innovate. To help learners continually upgrade their skills and knowledge so they can effectively address emerging organizational and professional ne...
Article
Lifelong learning is intentional learning that people engage in throughout their lives for personal and professional fulfillment and to improve the quality of their lives. In today's climate of continual change and innovation, lifelong learning is a critical educational goal. In order to prepare people for lifelong learning, educational opportuniti...
Article
Workforce downsizing is becoming an increasingly common outcome of organizational restructuring. Recent studies have focused on the victims of downsizing, the employees laid off. Unfortunately, little has been said about what happens to the “survivors” of downsizing. This qualitative report documents the perspectives of a small company's layoff sur...
Article
It is often difficult to transfer learning from one situation to another. Learning is more likely to be transferred if instruction is situated within a realistic context, using a problem-centered instructional approach. However, it can be challenging to create problem-centered instruction that authentically represents the needs and activities of th...
Article
Access to information is a necessary but not sufficient component of learning. Learning occurs through active engagement. What is important is not that the learner has accessed the information but the cognitive processes by which the learner deals with that information (Oliver, Omari, & Ring, 1998, p. 29). Changing global economic circumstances and...
Article
Full-text available
Preparing students to be effective leaders in their organizational and professional settings is a common goal of leadership preparation programs. However, students often lack confidence to share their knowledge and expertise in public forums. This study addressed whether the use of the rich environments for active learning (REAL) instructional mode...
Article
Problem-based learning (PBL) is apprenticeship for real-life problem solving, helping students acquire the knowledge and skills required in the workplace. Although the acquisition of knowledge and skills makes it possible for performance to occur, without self-efficacy the performance may not even be attempted. I examined how student self-efficacy,...
Article
Full-text available
P>Learning communities can emerge spontaneously when people find common learning goals and pursue projects and tasks together in pursuit of those goals. Bounded learning communities (BLCs) are groups that form within a structured teaching or training setting, typically a course. Unlike spontaneous communities, BLCs develop in direct response to gui...
Article
Conclusion By implementing knowledge management features in an EPSS-like structure, the WRCC provided a more effective performance solution that was in alignment with the firm’s business objectives, making sure that both the employees’ learning and performance needs and the firm’s needs were addressed (Stone & Villachica, 2003). The activity of bui...
Article
Full-text available
P class=abstract>A critical component of an effective retention program for online students is a learner support services program. While many factors contribute to attrition, at the top of the list are level of interaction and support. To this end, some students in distance learning programs and courses report feelings of isolation, lack of self-di...
Conference Paper
Problem-based learning (PBL) is an instructional strategy that focuses on critical reasoning to achieve a high degree of student engagement. PBL is an example of rich environments for active learning (REAL). REALs are comprehensive instructional systems that promote study and investigation within authentic contexts; encourage the growth of student...
Article
Full-text available
This paper's focus is on the dual-purpose application of journal writing to (1) capture and track learners' perceptual change and (2) encourage learners to reflect on their learning and accomplishments. Two research studies describe how journal writing can be used to fulfill these two applications.
Article
Full-text available
Structural knowledge reflects the organization and interrelationships of concepts in a content area. This study explores the use of learners' pathfinder networks, representing the structural knowledge of a group of adult learners in a graduate-level instructional message design course, to predict their performance on an authentic transfer task. In...
Article
Full-text available
INTRODUCTION In a climate of rapid change and proliferating knowledge, lifelong learning is a necessary professional development objective (Nash, 1994). To maintain currency, people must continually "retool" their knowledge and skill base. Employers need personnel who possess cutting edge skills and knowledge, and are willing and able to update the...
Article
Full-text available
Rich environments for active learning, or REALs, are comprehensive instructional systems that evolve from and are consistent with constructivist philosophies and theories. To embody a constructivist view of learning, REALs: . promote study and investigation within authentic contexts; . encourage the growth of student responsibility, initiative, dec...
Article
Influenced by generative and intentional learning environment strategies and tools, a World Wide Web-based tool has been developed to empower learners to build their own Web-based Performance Support System (WPSS) to support learning, professional development, and performance within a domain. Enabling learners to develop their own WPSS accomplishes...
Article
Full-text available
In today's complex world of rapid change, of increasing innovation and of proliferating knowledge, employers and employees must be able to apply tools and knowledge to new situations with increasing frequency to remain productive and competitive (see Nash, 1994). Because we face an environment in which knowledge and skills become rapidly obsolete,...
Article
Full-text available
Rich Environments for Active Learning (REALs) are comprehensive instructional systems that are consistent with constructivist theories. They promote study and investigation within authentic contexts; encourage the growth of student responsibility, initiative, decision making and intentional learning; cultivate collaboration among students and teach...
Article
In a climate of rapid change, increasing innovation, and proliferating knowledge, lifelong learning is an important educational objective. Lifelong learning skills need to be developed if educators intend for their students to stay current in their fields. Staying abreast of new innovations, research, techniques, and information is a prerequisite f...
Article
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Colorado at Denver, 1996. Includes bibliographical references (p. 194-204). Photocopy. s
Article
Full-text available
In today's complex world, simply knowing how to use tools and knowledge in a single domain is not sufficient to remain competitive as either individuals or companies. People must also learn to apply tools and knowledge in new domains and different situations. Industry specialists report that people at every organizational level must be creative and...
Article
Full-text available
Foundational to both the certificate and MA programs is a series of three six-credit-hour, graduate-level courses. The content of these three courses focuses on the design, development, implementation, and evaluation of e-learning solutions using a variety of techniques and tools, with an emphasis on instructional design, interface design, facilita...

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