Joana Silva CarvalhoUniversity of Derby
Joana Silva Carvalho
PhD
About
33
Publications
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Introduction
My research focuses on the field of primate ecology and conservation, particularly on population status, nesting patterns, feeding strategies, and response to human disturbances. Climate change is an additional threat for species distribution, which alone or in combination with anthropogenic disturbances may impact great apes. My research also focuses on this topic through species distribution models, population abundance/density models, scenarios analysis and landscape connectivity analysis.
Publications
Publications (33)
Urban greenspace plays a crucial role in city design, offering residents various benefits for their health and wellbeing. With increasing urbanisation and human population growth, urban greenspace is becoming an even more significant resource. By implementing a mixed-method approach, we conducted a comprehensive assessment of urban greenspace based...
Large gaps remain in our understanding of the vulnerability of specific animal taxa and regions to climate change, especially regarding extreme climate impact events. Here, we assess African apes, flagship and highly important umbrella species for sympatric biodiversity. We estimated past (1981–2010) and future exposure to climate change impacts ac...
Large gaps remain in our understanding of the vulnerability of specific animal taxa and regions to climate change, especially regarding extreme climate impact events. Here, we assess African apes, flagship and highly important umbrella species for sympatric biodiversity. We estimated past (1981-2010) and future exposure to climate change impacts ac...
Species conservation and management require reliable information about animal distribution and population size. Better management actions within a species' range can be achieved by identifying the location and timing of population changes. In the Greater Mahale Ecosystem (GME), western Tanzania, deforestation due to the expansion of human settlemen...
Newsletter article highlighting Carvalho et al's publication in Diversity and Distributions
A GORILLA JOURNAL newsletter article highlighting the publication in Diversity and Distributions
Species distributions are influenced by processes occurring at multiple spatial scales. It is therefore insufficient to model species distribution at a single geographic scale, as this does not provide the necessary understanding of determining factors. Instead, multiple approaches are needed, each differing in spatial extent, grain, and research o...
Paleoclimate reconstructions have enhanced our understanding of how past climates have shaped present-day biodiversity. We hypothesize that the geographic extent of Pleistocene forest refugia and suitable habitat fluctuated significantly in time during the late Quaternary for chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Using bioclimatic variables representing m...
Aim: Modelling African great ape distribution has until now focused on current or past conditions, while future scenarios remain scarcely explored. Using an ensemble forecasting approach, we predicted changes in taxon-specific distribution under future scenarios of climate, land use and human populations for (1) areas outside protected areas (PAs)...
Aim
Modelling African great ape distribution has until now focused on current or past conditions, whilst future scenarios remain scarcely explored. Using an ensemble forecasting approach, we predicted changes in taxon-specific distribution under future scenarios of climate, land-use and human population changes.
Location
Sub-Saharan Africa
Method...
Even though information on global biodiversity trends becomes increasingly available, large taxonomic and spatial data gaps persist at the scale relevant to planning conservation interventions. This is because data collectors are hesitant to share data with global repositories due to workload, lack of incentives, and perceived risk of losing intell...
Primates are facing an impending extinction crisis, driven by extensive habitat loss, land use change, and hunting. Climate change is an additional threat, which alone or in combination with other drivers, may severely impact those taxa unable to track suitable environmental conditions. Here, we investigate the extent of climate and land use/cover...
With continued expansion of anthropogenically modified landscapes, the proximity between humans and wildlife is continuing to increase, frequently resulting in species decline. Occasionally however, species are able to persist and there is an increased interest in understanding such positive outliers and underlying mechanisms. Eventually, such insi...
With continued expansion of anthropogenically modified landscapes, the proximity between humans and wildlife is continuing to increase, frequently resulting in species decline. Occasionally however, species are able to persist and there is an increased interest in understanding such positive outliers and underlying mechanisms. Eventually, such insi...
Nonhuman primate populations are facing widespread conversion of their habitat to human-modified landscapes dominated by agriculture, in which cultivated species may constitute alternative food resources, particularly during periods of wild food scarcity. We assessed intraseasonal variation in dietary composition and diversity of the western chimpa...
Conversion of forests to anthropogenic land-uses increasingly subjects chimpanzee populations to habitat changes and concomitant alterations in the plant resources available to them for nesting and feeding. Based on nest count surveys conducted during the dry season, we investigated nest tree species selection and the effect of vegetation attribute...
In the last decades, primate populations have suffered great demographic declines due to several anthropogenic causes, and an immediate reclassification of chimpanzees to a status of ‘‘critically endangered’’ has been recommended. The western chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes verus, has been classified as “endangered” on the IUCN Red List since 1988, and...
The western chimpanzee, Pan troglodytes verus, has been classified as Endangered on the IUCN Red List since 1988. Intensive agriculture, commercial plantations, logging, and mining have eliminated or degraded the habitats suitable for P. t. verus over a large part of its range. In this study we assessed the effect of land-use change on the populati...
Boxplots showing the distances at which nests were detected from the line transects. The data from 2010 and 2011 surveys were combined, and distances truncated at >60 m.
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Relative proportions of habitat type found along each line transect.
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Chimpanzee density estimates (builders/km2) for each habitat and for the Lagoas de Cufada Natural Park obtained in 2010 based on marked-nest counts, using strip transect surveys.
(DOCX)
Estimates of chimpanzee densities (chimpanzees/km2) and population size reported for several study sites based on nest count methods. Estimates of chimpanzee densities from Guinea-Bissau are shown in italics.
(DOCX)
Life span of nests from several study sites, including our estimate of nest decay for Lagoas de Cufada Natural Park.
(DOCX)
Deforestation rate in Guinea-Bissau based on Landsat satellite imagery from 1990 to 2007 [data from Oom et al. [40]].
(DOCX)