Jinichiro Saito

Tokai University · Professional Liscencing Training Center

This paper aims to demonstrate that the American social studies curriculum in the early 20 th century was related to variations in the students' situations regarding their educational goals. Generally speaking, it is said that American Social Studies was created in the beginning of 20 th century. And previous Studies have tended to suggest that the...

This article explores the relationship between the freedom granted to teachers to shape curricula and the function of national standards. In recent years, many countries have begun to introduce standards-based reforms in education, such as standardized curriculums and high-stakes tests. As cultural diversity within schools increases, the tension re...